CELL –STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS
CLASS-VIII
Q1. What is the basic similarity among all the living organisms?
Q2. Name the largest and the smallest cell.
Q3. Is hen’s egg a single cell or a group of cells?
Q4. Are the cells in an elephant larger than in a rat? Give reasons.
Q5 .Name the living substance of the cell?
Q6.Priya and Shriya viewed two unknown slides under a microscope .Slide A had cells
having cell wall and chloroplasts. Slide B had cells that did not have a cell wall and
chloroplasts. Which slide has plant cells?
Q7. Name the basic components of a cell.
Q8.An organism with billions of cells begins life as a single cell. Name the cell. How does it
develop into a multicellular organism?
Q9.Why plant cells have a thick cell wall?
Q10. How do you define the shape of Amoeba?
Q11. Who discovered cell and how?
Q12. How do scientists observe and study cells?
Q13.How does Amoeba keep on changing its shape ? Why does it do so?
Q14.Give examples of cells having the following shapes? What determines their respective
shapes?
a) Spherical
b) Spindle
c) Branched cell
d)
Q15.What is a cell organelle? Where are they found in a cell? Give few examples of cell
organelles.
Q16.Name the following:
a) Blank-looking structure in the cytoplasm of the plant cell.
b) Small coloured bodies in the cytoplasm of the cells of a leaf
c) Cell organelle that provide green color to the leaves.
Q17a).What is the function of chloroplast?
b) Name the different types of plastids.
Q18.An Amoeba can change its shape and a white blood cell in human can also change its
shape. What is the difference between an Amoeba and a white blood cell?
Q19. a) What are chromosomes?
b) Where are chromosomes found in a cell?
1
c) What is their function?
Q20.a) Why are plants and animal specimens usually stained with dyes before observing
them through microscope?
b) Name any one stain used for this purpose.
c) What precautions will you take while preparing a wet mount of a specimen?
Q21. a) What is the other name of a nerve cell?
b) Why are nerve cells long and branched?
Q22.Why nucleus is called as the control centre of the cell?
Q23.White blood cells can squeeze through walls of blood vessel sand get into intercellular
spaces to fight against germs. Which property of WBC allows them to do so?
Q24.What are lower levels of organization in multicellular organism? Are these levels of
organization also present in unicellular organisms?
Q25.Is is the size of a cell related to its function? Support your answer with example.
Q26.Difference between:
a) Protoplasm and cytoplasm
b) Prokaryotes and eukaryotes
c) Unicellular and multicellular organisms.
d) The structure of nucleus in plants from that of bacteria.
Q27. a) What separates nucleus from the cytoplasm?
b) Why is the nuclear membrane porous?
c) Name the main components found inside the nucleus.
d) What are the functions of the nucleus?
Q28.What are the functions of the following in a cell?
a) Cell membrane
b) Cytoplasm
c) Vacuole
Q29.Identify the two cells and differentiate between the two :
a)
2
b)
Q30.a) Which part of the cell gives it shape?
b) Name the additional covering found in cells apart from cell membrane.
c) Give two examples of cells where this additional covering is found and mention its
function.
CLASS-VIII
Microorganisms
Q1. What are microorganisms?
Q2.a)
b)
c)
d)
Viruses are considered as the border line between living and non-living. why?
What is the basic difference between a virus and a bacterium?
What are bacteriophages?
Draw a labelled diagram of a) bacteriophage b) virus.
Q3. Name two unicellular and two multicellular microorganisms.
Q4. Give an example of microorganisms that
(a)Grows solitary
b) live in colonies.
Q5. Make a list of four measures to prevent malaria.
Q6. Name the microorganism that grows on moist bread during rainy season. Write its
common and scientific name.
Q7. Name any two common ailments and any 2 serious diseases caused by virus.
Q8. Why are antibiotics not effective against cold and flu?
Q9. Draw a labelled diagram of bread mould. Name the structure that contains spores.
Q10. Where do microorganisms live?
Q11. Name the shapes of 3 bacteria shown in figure alongside.
3
Q12. How do bacteria play an important role in food industry?
Q13. Differentiate between a) communicable & non communicable diseases. b) antibodies
and antibiotics
Q14. Why is curd an important ingredient of bahturas and ravaidlis?
Q15. Why do you think curd sour easily in summer than in winter?
Q16. Why do farmers cultivate plants of legume family?
Q17. Why does milk that comes in packet does not spoil? Explain.
Q18. Name the causal organisms of the following diseases, How do the following diseases
spread?
a) Malaria b) Dengue c) Common cold.
Q19. Rahul was invited by his friend to a party and he ate a variety of foodstuff. On reaching
home he started vomiting and had to be taken to a hospital.Why did this condition occur?
Q20. Why is it advised to take antibiotics an advice of qualified doctor? Why is it necessary
to complete the course of antibiotics prescribed by a doctor?
Q21. What is fermentation? Who discovered it? Name the microorganisms responsible.
Where is this process used?
Q22. What are vaccines? Who discovered vaccine? How do vaccines provide immunity?
Q23. Name the causative agent of following diseases:a) Yellow vein of mosaic
b) Rust of wheat
c) Citrus canker
Q24. Explain how the following food items can be preserved.
a) Jams & squashes
b) Meat & raw mangoes
c) Pickles
d) Milk
Q25. Make a schematic diagram of nitrogen cycle. List the steps & name the microbes
involved in each step.
4
Q26.Name the causative microorganism, mode of transmission and preventive measures of
following diseases:
a) Tuberculosis b) Measles c) Hepatitis B d) Typhoid.
Chapter- Conservation of plants and animals
1. Name the national park and wild life sanctuaries in Panchmarhi Biosphere Reserve.
2. Define a) National park b) Species d) Ecosystem e) flora f) fauna
3. Name the first reserve forest of India.
4. What is the aim of Forest Conservation Act?
5. Why do people go for poaching?
6. Why are some animals considered endangered?
7. Why do birds migrate?
8. Give two examples each of a) extinct species
animals.
b) endemic species
c) threatened wild
9. What is the purpose of making national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves?
10. a) Mention some purposes of deforestation.
b) How does deforestation leads to global warming?
c) How does deforestation reduce rainfall on the one hand and lead to floods on the
other?
d) What effect can deforestation have on ground water?
e) . Deforestation can lead to desertification .How?
f) State some natural causes of deforestation.
11. What is meant by biodiversity? Why is it under threat?
12. a) What are endemic species?
b) Give two example of the endemic flora and fauna of Panchmarhi Biosphere Reserve.
c) What can endanger their existence?
13. List the factors disturbing biodiversity.
14. How do biosphere reserves help in conserving biodiversity?
15. How do government agencies take care of forests & animals?
16. Biodiversity found in Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve is considered to be unique. Why?
5
17. a) Why was project tiger initiated?
b) Why is Satpura tiger reserve considered unique?
18. Sonu says that real dinosaurs were used in making the movie Jurassic park. Sabina says it
is not so. Who is right? Why?
19. How is Red data book beneficial to an environmentalist?
20. Why should we recycle paper?
21. What are advantages of reforestation?
22. Name any three wildlife sanctuaries, National parks and Biosphere reserves found in
India along with the animals they protect.
23. a)Small animals are much more in danger of becoming extinct than the bigger animals.
Give reasons.
b) How are the small animals important to the ecosystem?
6