Name: _______________________
Date: _______________
Answer Key to Review Guide for Investigation 4: Chemical Reactions/Fizz Quiz
1. Give two examples of a slow chemical reaction:
a. Rusting
b. Green oxide forming on copper (Ex: Statue of Liberty)
2. Give an example of a fast chemical reaction: an explosion
3. Who is Charles Goodyear? What did he contribute to science? Charles Goodyear
was an inventor who tried to make rubber usable. When he accidentally spilled a mixture of
rubber and sulfur onto his hot stove he realized it made rubber hard and durable. This was the
invention of the process of vulcanization.
4. What does it mean if something dissolves? If something dissolves it means that a
solute seems to disappear into a solvent. It can be regained by using evaporation to get rid of
the liquid.
5. Name three ways you will know if a chemical reaction has occurred:
a. Temperature change
b. Precipitate forms
c. Gas forms
6. Name the two things that can affect the speed of a chemical reaction: temperature
and concentration.
7. When you see bubbles being formed you know that a gas has been released.
8. The smallest possible piece of something is called a molecule.
9. What is a chemist?
A chemist is a scientist who studies mixtures, solutions and all other types of matter. They
study properties of matter and can work in a lab, as a teach or in a variety of other careers.
10. Define chemical reaction. A chemical reaction is when two or more materials (chemicals)
are mixed together and a change occurs.
11.
Name and describe the difference between the two types of rubber.
a. Natural: a stretchy elastic substance that is made by collecting rubber juice from tropical
trees.
b. Synthetic: an elastic rubber that is made from chemicals in factories
12. What is citric acid? A natural acid found in citrus fruits that is used to flavor foods.
13. What is a reactant? Reactants are the chemicals that actually produce a reaction when
mixed with another chemical.
14.
Rubber juice can be collected from tropical trees and is called latex.
15. What is a precipitate? A precipitate is a solid material that forms as a product of a reaction.
16. What is vulcanization? Vulcanization is the process of mixing rubber and sulfur together to
create a durable and hard product.
17. What is calcium chloride? Calcium chloride is a type of salt that is closely related to table
salt but is not used in diets. It is used to melt ice on roadways.
18. Who is Marguerite Perey? Why is she famous? Ms. Perey was a scientist from France
who discovered the radioactive element called francium.
19.
What is an atom? An atom is the smallest piece of an element.
20. Explain what should be included in an observation. A thorough observation should
include a description of the specific size, color, shape, texture and taste or smell if appropriate.
It should also use scientific terms to explain what is being observed.
21.
List three elements helium, gold and hydrogen. (Sample answers—there are
89 others!)
22. What is the scientific definition for change? Change is the process of becoming
something different.
23.
What elements make up water? 2 parts of hydrogen and 1 part of oxygen.
The abbreviation for this combination is H2O.
24. What is a chemical bond? A chemical bond is an attachment between atoms.
25. What happens to rubber when you add heat? It will become soft and sticky.
26.
What happens to rubber when it is cold? It becomes hard and stiff.
27.
What is the main product created from rubber today? tires
28. What is baking soda? Baking soda is a common household item used in cooking and
cleaning. It is only slightly soluble in water and reacts with acids to produce a foam.
29.
Note: A conclusion is a final thought you have based on the information
you have collected. For example, we concluded that the precipitate we made in
class was not chalk because it did not react with vinegar.
30. How is dissolving different than reacting? When one material dissolves into another the
dissolved material seems to disappear but is really still there. In fact, you can get that solid
back by using evaporation. Reacting is very different. In a reaction, a brand new material is
formed. The original solid cannot be retrieved because it has changed into something different.