Name____________________
Ion formation notes
Flash BackWhat are ions?___________________________________________________________
What happens to the valence electrons to create ions?_____________________________________
Metals __________ (lose/gains) valence electrons becoming _____________ charge.
Cations are _______________ charge and are found on the _____________side of the periodic table
Nonmetals _________ (lose/gains) valence electrons becoming ____________charge.
Anions are_______________ charge and are found on the _____________side of the periodic table
Octet rule states that a_______valence electron orbit is considered a __________ arrangement.
Halogens have ____ valence electron and ________(lose/gains) it to become__________charge.
Alkali metals have ____ valence electron and ________(lose/gains) it to become__________charge.
Noble gases- most of them have ____ valence electron and therefore are considered ________.
Earth alkali metals have ____ valence electron and ________(lose/gains) it to become__________charge.
Lewis Dot Structures
What are they?
A diagram with the elements______________ in the middle and the dots representing __________electrons
surrounding the symbol.
Why do we use them?
They are a simple way to draw _________ on an atom which helps us _____________ what __________ will form
Rules for writing LDS:
a. Write the elemental name in the center
b. Find out how many ve- the atom has
c. Place the dots (electrons) around the symbol starting at the “12 o’clock position” then going clock wise.
Embedded Practice
Draw the Lewis Dot Structures for the following atoms
Mg
Si
Cl
Xe
How can you predict how many valence electrons “dots” will surround the elemental symbol?
__________________ describes how ________ an atom can gain or lose electrons. If they gain or lose electrons
________ they are said to be ______________________. It’s all about ____________________energy and
________________________.
Formation of Cations
*______ ve*Becomes _____charge
*Easier to ___________ to get an octet
*___________ ionization energy
*____________ does this
Predicting charges- Break out periodic table
Ba: ve- ______
LD _______
Charge______
Si: ve- ______
LD _______
Charge______
Al ve- ______
LD _______
Charge______
Transition Metals
Transitional metals are located in the ____ block.
The “d” block elements can _______ valence electrons from the ________ orbits to satisfy its valence orbit- _________
noble gases configs. Because of this, the _________ of valence electrons can ___________.
Roman Numerals- Provide the charges!
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
For example: Fe(II) means:_________
Embedded Practice
What are the ionic charges of the following transition metals?
Co(II)
Cr(VI)
Sn(IV)
Ag (I)
Formation of Anions
Predicting charges- Break out periodic table
*______ ve*Becomes _____charge
*Easier to ___________ to get an octet
*___________ ionization energy
*____________ does this
N: ve- ______
LD _______
Charge______
Se: ve- ______
LD _______
Charge______
Cl: ve- ______
LD _______
Charge______
Anions are named by adding an “-_____” to the end of the element’s name.
Ex: Chlorine become _________________
Bromine becomes: ___________________
Predicting charges- Break out periodic table
Embedded Practice
Write the ion of the given element with the correct charge and name:
O:
F:
P:
Li
F
O
Al
Short hand
E. Config
#VE
Electrons
Protons
Element
Fill in the table: See examples
Lewis Dot
# Gain/Lost
electrons
for Octet
Resulting
# of V E
Cation/Anion
#Charge
Name of Ion