Final Review 1
Name ___________________________
1. Define:
a. Rivers
b. Springs
c. Aquifers
d. Carrying capacity
e. Abiotic factors
f. Biotic factors
g. Density independent limiting factors
h. Density dependent limiting factors
2. What is the difference between the Big Bang and the Nebular Theory
Forms what?
Evidence for this is what?
Big Bang
Universe
Nebular
Solar System
CMBR and Doppler Effect
Orbit of planets, planets are in same
orbital plane, planets revolve in the
same direction
Decreases
What happens in size?
Increases
How did this form?
Explosion
3. What color is the Doppler Effect now? What does this mean?
Red-universe is expanding
Implosion-collapse of nebulae due to
gravity
4. Name the motion and what time frame it creates here on Earth
Rotation  Spinning on an axis  Amount of time on Earth 1 day (~24 hrs)
Revolution Circling around a central point  Amount of time on Earth 1 year (~365 days)
5. Draw the shape of the orbits of the planets.
6. Find the barycenter of the two images.
7. Explain them in your own words what Kepler’s Laws are and how they are applied to the orbits of the
planets.
Shape (ellipse), speed (planets move faster when they are closer to the sun), distance (relationship
between distance and period of orbit)
8. Draw a picture of the Sun and a picture of Earth where the season of summer is being represented.
9. Explain the difference between nutation and precession of the Earth.
Precession- the change in Earth’s rotational axis that changes the North Star Earth points to
(Currently Polaris will eventually be Vega)
Nutation-wobble of Earth due to the gravitational pull of the moon
10. . List the six to seven levels of the universe (the hierarchy) from largest to smallest.
Universe
Super cluster
Cluster
Galaxy
Solar System
Star
Planet
11. What are Earth’s two protective layers?
EM Field and ozone layer
12. Fill in the chart below
13. Following the rock cycle, read the following scenarios and tell me what you will have the end.
a. Take an igneous rock, melt it, cool it, and weather, erode and deposit it. What do you have after?
Sediment
b. Take some sediments, compact and cement them, apply some heat and pressure, and
then melt it. What do you have after? Magma/Lava
c. Take a sedimentary rock, weather, erode, and deposit it, then compact it and cement it together.
What do you have after? Sedimentary rock
14. Use the following soil triangle to figure out how much clay, silt, and sand can be found in each sample.
Point A Clay 60
Silt 20
Sand 20
Point B  Clay 20
Silt 40
Sand 40
Point C  Clay 10
Silt 20
Sand 70
15. Which letter in the diagram represents the following
features?
Lithosphere C
Oceanic Crust B
Inner Core G
Continental Crust A
Outer Core F
Asthenosphere D
Mantle E
Crust H
16. Draw a diagram of two pieces of continental crust moving towards each other, and label the landscape
features that will be formed and the arrows to show the movements of the plates.
17. What type of plate boundary is this? Continental-oceanic convergent plate boudary
a. Which letter is representing these parts?
Oceanic Crust C
Continental Crust F
Subduction Zone G
Continental Volcanic Arc A
Trench B
Lithosphere E
Asthenosphere D
b. What are the motions of these plates?
Covergent (coming together)
18. What type of plate boundary is this? oceanic-oceanic convergent plate boudary
a. Which letter is representing
these parts?
Oceanic Crust E
Continental Crust D
Subduction Zone H
Volcanic Island Arc A
Trench B
Lithosphere C
Asthenosphere F
Melting Crust Y
b. What are the motions of these
plates? Coming together
19. What is the name of the plate boundary where two plates are sliding past each other?
Transform Fault Boundary
a. What will occur when these two plates are rubbing against each other?
Earthquakes
20. Which plate motion is being described?
a. Ridge-push  upward arm of a convection cell is pushing the crust apart
i. What type of plate boundary will have this motion? divergent
b. Mantle Convection  upward arm of a convection cell is pushing the middle of a plate apart,
creating a weak spot and allowing mantle material to come through
i. What feature will this form in the middle of the plate? Hot spot
ii. Is this found at a plate boundary? No
c. Slab-pull  downward arm of a convection cell is pulling a piece of crust down into the mantle
21. Rank the following in order of formation:
a. First phase of mountain building
1. A
b. Creation of outer banks
2. E
c. Second phase of mountain building
3. C
d. Fall line creation
4. D
e. Creation of coastal plain
5. B
22. How does the water cycle maintain its balance?
Precipitation = Evaporation + Transpiration
23. Give the name of the water cycle that is being described.
a. water to water vapor evaporation
b. plants giving off water vapor transpiration
c. water running on the ground runoff
d. water running through the cracks underground groundwater
e. water falling from the sky precipitation
f. water vapor to water condensation
24. Label the parts of the water cycle
A→transpiration
B→ condensation
C→ groundwater
D→ evaporation
E→ precipitation
25. Label the parts
B→ well
C→ water table
D→ zone of aeration
E→ zone of saturation
26. Answer the following questions using the diagrams
a. What is the pycnocline?
Demonstrates the increase of
density with depth in the ocean
b. What is the thermocline?
Demonstrates the decrease of
temperature with depth in the
ocean
What kind of relation occurs
between the pycnocline and
thermocline? Inverse
relationship
c. What happens to density of salt water as you increase your depth in the water?
Density increases
27. What is the difference between weather and climate?
Weather is the day to day conditions and climate is the average temp. & precipitation
28. Name the layers of the atmosphere from top to bottom. (Be sure you can go from bottom to top as well)
Exosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, troposphere
29. What in the atmosphere is a mixture of gases, water vapor, and dust? air
30. What layer of the atmosphere is the ozone found in? stratosphere
31. What layer of the atmosphere contains all the water vapor and weather in the atmosphere?
troposphere
32. Look at the following descriptions and determine which type of heat transfer is occurring. Put a CD for
conduction, a CV for convection, and a R radiation.
CD Pot sitting on a hot burner
R Placing your hand over a fire
CV How the inside of a greenhouse works
CD Touching a metal spoon that is sitting in a pot of boiling water
CD Using a heating blanket to get warm
CV Macaroni boiling
CD Picking up a hot pot of coffee
R Putting your wet shoes by a vent to dry them
R Lying out in the sun to get a tan
33. Fill in the chart below with the correct name for moisture content and the correct name for temperature.
You must also give the combination of letters that would be on the map.
Moisture Content
Temperature
Location
continental Polar
Low
cold
Alaska
continental Tropic
Low
Hot
Mexico
maritime Polar
High
Cold
North Atlantic Ocean
maritime Tropic
high
Hot
Gulf of Mexico
34. Explain how each of the following will change the climate they are affecting.
a. *Latitude  latitude will impact the amount of solar radiation a location receives
b. Elevation the higher the elevation the cooler the climate will be
c. Topographymountains can create rain shadow zones
d. Water Bodieswater bodies can impact humidity and temperature
e. *Circulationocean circulation patterns can make coastal regions warmer/cooler than
inland locations
f. *Vegetationplants impact temperature (more plants more rain) and evaporation
35. What happens when the ocean absorbs more carbon?
pH decreases and ocean becomes more acidic
36. What happens when the carrying capacity of an environment is exceeded?
Environment cannot sustain population which can lead to death, famine, and lack of resources
37. Use the picture below to answer the following questions:
a. What are the biotic factors?
human
b. What are the abiotic factors?
Chair, sand, water, sun, boat, air,
umbrella, book
38. Answer the following food web
questions:
a. What will happen to the
mosquito if the grass carp
dies?
Population increases
b. What will happen to the
alligator if the grass carp
dies?
Alligator finds new food or
population decreases
c. What will happen to the
raccoon if an invasive
population moves in that eats
the frog?
Will decrease raccoon
population