Table S1.
Table S1a. Mean difference between xeric and montane rainforest contrast sets in units of pooled
within-site standard deviation preceded by probability from contrast ANOVA. MF is a two way contrast
ANOVA using both sexes, while M and F are one way contrast ANOVAs of males and females
respectively; nc no comparison, - lower values in montane, + higher value in montane. Northern Anolis
bimaculatus series Basse Terre, Guadeloupe, A.marmoratus (data set A), and Dominica, A. oculatus (data
set B, see Tables S1b, S1c for separate results for NW & SW Dominica). Southern roquet series: Northwest
Martinique A. roquet (data sets C and D); Central Martinique, A. roquet (data sets C and D); St Lucia, A.
luciae (data set E); St Vincent small species, A. trinitatis (data set F); Grenada large species, A. richardii
(data set G); and Grenada small species, A. aeneus (data set H).
Table S1a
Basse Terre
Dominica
series
species
bimaculatus
marmoratus
bimaculatus
oculatus
4/36
nc
0.0000/-3.155
nc
nc
0.0000/+2.155
nc
nc
30/301
15/151
15/150
0.0008/-0.404
Groups/N
Red
Trunk6
Green
Trunk6,7
Blue
Trunk6
Grey
Trunk6,8
Chevron9,10
Ventral
scales11
Dorsal
scales12
Circum-trunk
scales11
Lamellae13
Snout-vent
length14
Jaw length15
Head length15
Head depth15
Head width15
Upper leg
length15
Lower leg
length15
Toe length16
Dewlap
size16
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
MF
M
F
1
nc
nc
0.0000/-3.075
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
0.0003/-1.395
nc
nc
0.0000/+2.045
nc
nc
0.0001/+1.535
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
1
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
1
nc
nc
0.0355/+0.752
nc
nc
0.0171/+0.862
nc
Basse Terre
1
0.0000/-1.085
0.0000/+1.095
0.0184/+0.405
0.0000/+2.155
0.0000/-0.755
0.0008/-0.644
0.0000/-0.875
0.0000/-0.875
0.0000/-0.725
0.0000/-1.035
nc
nc
nc
0.0022/-0.364
1
0.0104/-0.433
nc
nc
nc
0.0000/-2.295
0.0000/-2.155
0.0000/-2.465
0.0000/+0.585
0.0115/+0.433
0.0000/+0.765
0.0000/+0.815
0.0000/+0.935
0.0001/+0.675
Northwest
Martinique
roquet
NW lineage
roquet complex
- [12/60]
8/76 [6/30]
- [6/30]
nc
0.0000/+1.385
nc
nc
0.0000/+5.075
nc
nc
0.0000/-4.925
nc
nc
0.0000/-4.775
nc
nc
0.0000/-2.635
nc
nc
0.0000/+1.675
nc
nc
0.0000/+1.715
nc
0.0000/-2.985
0.0000/-2.245
0.0000/-3.635
0.0000/-1.845
0.0001/-1.755
0.0000/-1.945
Central Martinique
St Lucia
roquet
Central lineage
roquet complex
- [12/56]
4/40 [6/26]
-[6/30]
nc
0.0117/+0.852
nc
nc
0.0000/+3.555
nc
nc
0.0000/-2.835
nc
nc
0.0000/-2.825
nc
nc
0.0000/-6.175
nc
0.0000/+1.385
0.0039/+1.543
0.0020/+1.274
nc
+
nc
0.0000/-1.725
0.0000/-2.825
roquet
luciae
1
20/100
10/50
10/50
0.0045/-0.603
0.0202/-0.702
1
0.0000/+1.865
0.0000/+2.595
0.0149/+0.732
0.0000/-1.085
0.0000/-2.225
1
0.0014/-0.674
0.0027/-0.923
1
0.0083/-1.043
0.0000/-1.555
1
St Vincent
Small species
roquet
trinitatus
Grenada
Large species
roquet
richardii
Grenada
Small species
roquet
aeneus
8/101
4/57
4/44
0.0000/-2.005
0.0000/-2.365
0.0000/-1.685
0.0000/+4.805
0.0000/+5.175
0.0000/+4.505
0.0000/-2.095
0.0000/-1.835
0.0000/-2.285
0.0000/-2.275
0.0000/-2.165
0.0000/-2.585
nc
nc
nc
8/112
4/41
4/71
0.0030/-0.733
0.0019/-1.064
8/99
4/57
4/42
0.0000/-1.215
0.0013/-0.964
0.0001/-1.345
0.0000/+2.555
0.0000/+2.425
0.0000/+2.715
0.0019/-0.674
0.0255/-0.662
0.0320/-0.702
0.0000/-1.005
0.0000/-1.285
0.0299/-0.742
0.0000/-1.56/5
0.0000/-1.99/5
0.0000/-1.23/5
0.0414/-0.423
1
1
1
0.0233/-0.682
nc
nc
nc
0.0023/-0.643
0.0368/+0.622
0.0000/-1.735
1
1
1
1
0.0016/-0.704
0.0240/-0.692
0.0280/-0.732
nc
nc
nc
1
0.0000/+3.515
0.0000/+3.185
0.0000/+3.995
0.0000/-1.365
0.0068/-0.913
0.0000/-1.815
0.0000/-1.305
0.0099/-0.872
0.0000/-1.755
nc
nc
nc
0.0000/+1.325
0.0001/+1.365
0.0000/+1.265
0.0000/+1.425
0.0000/+2.575
0.0015/+0.794
0.0182/+0.482
.0449/+0.662
1
1
1
1
0.0131/+0.713
1
1
1
1
1
nc
nc
nc
0.0003/-0.375
0.0172/-0.392
0.0148/-0.303
nc
nc
nc
0.0058/-0.583
0.0013/-0.964
0.0396/+0.632
0.0117/+1.312
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.0424/+0.612
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.0000/+1.315
0.0091/+1.363
0.0000/+2.235
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.0022/-0.334
0.0366/-0.352
0.0227/-0.382
0.0003/-0.445
0.0000/-0.885
0.0000/+2.295
0.0001/+0.945
0.0000/+2.195
0.0042/-0.773
0.0014/-0.754
1
1
0.0000/-1.035
0.0001/-1.155
0.0060/-0.893
1
1
1
1
0.0000/-0.965
0.0000/-1.435
0.0038/-0.493
0.0000/+0.675
0.0000/+0.755
0.0006/+0.595
0.0000/+0.945
0.0000/+1.105
0.0000/+0.785
0.0000/+1.395
0.0000/+1.335
0.0000/+1.455
0.0000/+0.565
0.0222/+0.382
0.0000/+0.725
Dominica
0.0018/-0.854
0.0013/-0.764
0.0040-0.483
0.0002/-0.395
0.0110/-0.423
0.0154/-0.302
0.0001/-0.415
0.0096/-0.433
0.0097/-0.323
0.0000/-0.645
0.0001/-0.685
0.0000/-0.535
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.0050/+1.47
3
0.0231/+0.68
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.0009/+1.024
0.0012/-1.004
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.0013/-1.004
0.0004/-0.764
1
1
1
1
1
0.0243/+0.472
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.0056/+1.47
1
1
0.0000/-1.61
0.0018/-0.674
0.0273/-0.622
0.0286/-0.712
1
1
1`
1
1
1
1
0.0363/+1.082
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.0038/+0.79 3
0.0004/+1.154
0.0078/+1.393
0.0115/+1.003
nc
nc
nc
Central Mart
0.0030/-0.914
0.0000/+1.145
0.0000/+2.355
0.0003/+0.785
0.0033/+0.864
1
0.0103/+0.542
1
1
1
1
1
nc
0.0000/-1.285
nc
St Lucia
1
0.0083/+0.323
0.0407/+0.212
1
0.0134+0.982
nc
1
nc
NW Mart
3
1
5
0.0007/+0.724
0.0014/+0.954
1
1
1
1
1
St Vin Small
Gren Large
Gren Small
Table S1a footnotes. Superscripts: 1-5 Contrast ANOVA probabilities. 1,2 respectively P>0.05, P<0.05
before Bonferroni correction, 3,4,5 respectively P <0.05, P<0.01, P< 0.001 after sequential Bonferroni
correction by row. 6 Dorsal hue is recorded using colour charts for the marmoratus, oculatus and luciae and
using digital images for the roquet complex, trinitatis, richardii, and aeneus. 7 Green is more pronounced in
montane forms from south Dominica, particularly females, and is significant for M, F. See Table S1c below
for statistics. 8A grey (achromatic) dorsal background is also found on anoles from the xeric, low altitude
islands of Bonaire (A. bonairensis), and Blanquilla (A. blanquillanus). 9 On Martinique dorsal chevrons are
also found on the adult male anoles from the xeric south, from the xeric eastern end of the Caravelle
peninsular and some xeric eastern islets (eg., Chancel), and chevrons, similar in development to those on
both sexes of xeric A. aeneus, Grenada, are also found on both anole sexes from the xeric low altitude island
of Bonaire (A. bonairensis). On St Lucia chevron data was available for montane sites 35 and 40 and xeric
site 41 (n = 35). Central Martinique and male St Lucia tests assumes inequality of variances. 10 Several
other aspects of the adult male colour pattern are restricted to the A. roquet complex on Martinique and
show parallel evolution in the northwest and central precursor island lineages. In xeric regions of both
lineages chevron number is high (-3.77, -9.94, NW and central Martinique respectively), and the A mark on
the dorsal neck is pronounced (-1.56, -6.15, NW and central respectively), while in the montane rainforest
regions of both lineages the black dorsal reticulations (+4.10, +4.62, NW and central respectively) and large
white non-UV spots (+3.87, +3.41, NW and central respectively) are pronounced. See Table S1d for
statistics. 11 ventral scales. In Dominica overall there is a weak tendency for a decreasing ventral scale and
circum-trunk scale number at higher elevations, but this masks differences between north and south
Dominica. In the north there is a very strong decline in ventral scale number (-1.36, -1.40,-1.32, MF,M, F
respectively) and circum-trunk scales (-4.29, -4.50, -4.07 for MF,M,F respectively) at higher elevations,
while in the south there is a significant increase in ventral scales (+1.21, +1.47, +0.96 MF,M,F respectively)
and circum-trunk scales (+1.04, +1.18, +0.89) with elevation (see Tables S1b, S1c). The recently invading
Greater Antillean anole A. cristatellus (A. bimaculatus relative) shows an overall decrease in ventral scale
and circum-trunk scale number with elevation parallel to overall Dominica. 12 There is a large positive value
for central Martinique, but there were different recorders for xeric and montane habitats so the statistics are
not given. For A. trinitatis this trait is based on the trunk excluding the neck. A comparison of xeric v
montane anoles in Dominica, based on photographs, suggests lower dorsal scale number in montane
habitats. 13 There is a large positive values for lamellae number for SW Dominica, see Table S1C. 14 Even
though there are difficulties with assessing snout-vent length in organisms with slow asymptotic growth,
anoles from montane habitats are clearly much larger in north Dominica (Table S1B). 15 Data set C is
figured (Fig. 4) and tabled (Table S1a) for NW Martinique males for JL. HL, HD, HW ULL, LLG, DL, but
largely supported by data set D data (+0.96, +2.40, -1.40, insignificant, insignificant, insignificant,
insignificant, for these characters respectively) (Table S1e). 16 For NW Martinique toe length Data set D is
figured (Fig. 4) Table S1e.
Table S1b
Northwest Dominica. Contrast analysis, probabilities and mean difference in units of pooled within-locality
standard deviations. Xeric localities 1, 3, 5, 6 contrast with montane localities 2, 4 (Fig. 1). An ANOVA test
for the difference in longitudinal dorsal scale number was carried out on xeric locality 5 and montane
locality 4. The montane locality had 1.61 Sw fewer scales (P = 0.003, dfs 1, 17).
Table S1b
Red trunk
Green trunk
Blue trunk
Grey trunk
two-way Anova
male, female
P
difference
0.0005 -0.69
0.0214 +0.45
insig
insig
one-way Anova
male
P
difference
insig
insig
insig
insig
one-way Anova
female
P
difference
0.0000 -1.31
0.0004 +1.04
insig
insig
Ventral scales
Circum trunk scales
Lamellae
0.0000
0.0000
insig
-1.36
-4.29
0.0000
0.0000
insig
-1.40
-4.50
0.0000
0.0000
insig
-1.32
-4.07
Snout vent length
Jaw length
Head length
Head depth
Head width
Upper leg length
Lower leg length
Toe length
Dewlap size
0.0000
insig
insig
0.0419
0.0010
0.0482
0.0001
0.0000
insig
+1.16
0.0000
insig
insig
insig
insig
insig
0.0004
0.0000
insig
+1.56
0.0376
insig
insig
0.0347
0.0043
insig
insig
0.0001
insig
+0.58
+0.40
-0.65
+0.39
+0.77
+1.20
+1.02
+1.24
+0.59
-0.82
+1.16
Table S1c
Southwest Dominica. Xeric localities 11, 12, 31, contrast with montane localities 30, 33 (Fig.1).
Red trunk
Green trunk
Blue trunk
Grey trunk
two-way Anova
male, female
P
difference
insig
0.0000 +1.75
0.0000 -1.53
0.0000 -1.73
one-way Anova
male
P
difference
insig
0.0039 +0.87
0.0000 -1.30
0.0000 -1.37
one-way Anova
female
P
difference
0.0008 -1.03
0.0000 +3.76
0.0000 -1.89
0.0000 -2.32
Ventral scales
Circum trunk scales
Lamellae
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
+1.21
+1.04
+4.34
0.0000
0.0001
0.0000
+1.47
+1.18
+1.68
0.0018
0.0034
0.0000
Snout vent length
Jaw length
Head length
Head depth
Head width
Upper leg length
Lower leg length
Toe length
Dewlap size
insig
insig
insig
0.0017
0.0002
0.0000
0.0002
0.0000
0.0000
-1.32
-1.60
+1.97
+1.56
+3.32
+1.89
insig
insig
insig
0.0001
0.0000
0.0017
0.0146
0.0001
0.0008
-1.20
-1.58
+0.95
+0.72
+1.25
+1.02
insig
0.0030
0.0479
insig
insig
0.0009
0.0051
0.0000
0.0060
+0.96
+0.89
+2.68
+0.90
+0.59
+1.02
+0.84
+2.03
+0.88
Table S1d
Northwest and Central Martinique colour pattern (data set C). Chevron number is distinct from chevron
intensity in Fig. 4 and Table S1a. * unequal variance test implemented in SPSS.
Chevron intensity
Chevron number
A mark on neck
Black reticulations
on trunk
Non-UV white spots
on trunk
one-way Anova
male Northwest
Martinique
P
difference
0.0000 -2.63
0.0000 -3.77
0.0000 -1.56
0.0000 +4.10
one-way Anova
male Central
Martinique
P
difference
0.0000* -6.17
0.0000
-7.94
0.0000
-6.15
0.0000
+4.62
0.0000
0.0000
+3.87
+3.41
Table S1e
Northwest Martinique. Data set D. Xeric localities 7, 8, 38, contrast with montane localities 47, 53, 54
(Appendix S1).
two-way Anova
male, female
P
difference
one-way Anova
male
P
difference
one-way Anova
female
P
difference
Ventral scales
Circum trunk scales
Lamellae
insig
0.0000
0.0000
insig
0.0000
0.0001
insig
0.0000
0.0000
Snout vent length
Jaw length
Head length
Head depth
Head width
Upper leg length
Lower leg length
Toe length
insig
insig
0.0000
0.0042
0.0018
insig
insig
0.0038
-2.98
-1.84
+2.29
-0.77
-0.85
+0.79
insig
0.0158
0.0000
0.0008
insig
insig
insig
insig
-2.24
-1.75
+0.96
+2.40
-1.40
insig
insig
0.0000
insig
0.0040
insig
insig
0.0134
-3.63
-1.94
+2.19
-0.49
+0.98
Table S1f
Central Martinique. Data set D. Xeric localities 19, 37, 59, contrast with montane localities 12, 33, 55
(Appendix S1).
two-way Anova
male, female
P
difference
one-way Anova
male
P
difference
one-way Anova
female
P
difference
Ventral scales
Circum trunk scales
Lamellae
0.0000
0.0000
0.0396
0.0039
0.0000
0.0117
0.0020
insig
insig
Snout vent length
Jaw length
Head length
Head depth
Head width
Upper leg length
Lower leg length
Toe length
insig
insig
insig
insig
0.0018
insig
insig
0.0005
+1.38
-1.72
+0.63
-0.99
+1.15
insig
0.0091
0.0050
insig
insig
0.0056
0.0363
0.0078
+1.54
-2.82
+1.31
+1.36
+1.47
+1.47
+1.08
+1.39
insig
insig
insig
insig
0.0003
insig
insig
0.0115
+1.27
-1.53
+1.00