Harmful Algae 2012
The 15th International
Conference on Harmful Algae
제15차 국제적조회의 보고서
October 29 - November 2, 2012, CECO,
Changwon, Gyeongnam, Korea
EDITORS
Hak Gyoon Kim
Beatriz Reguera
Gustaaf Hallegraeff
Chang Kyu Lee
Myung Soo Han
Joong Ki Choi
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE 2014
and
Harmful Algae 2012
Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Harmful Algae
제15차 국제적조회의 보고서, 第十五次 國際赤潮會議報告書
October 29 - November 2, 2012, CECO,
Changwon, Gyeongnam, Korea
EDITORS
Hak Gyoon Kim
Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
Beatriz Reguera
Instituto Español de Oceanografia, Vigo, Spain
Gustaaf Hallegraeff
University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Chang Kyu Lee
National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Korea
Myung Soo Han
HanYang University, Korea
Joong Ki Choi
Inha University, Korea
깃발만 ISSHA flag since 2012
2014
For bibliographic purposes, this document should be cited as follows:
Kim, H.G., B. Reguera, G. M. Hallegraeff, C.K. Lee, M.S. Han and J.K. Choi. (eds). Harmful Algae 2012,
Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Harmful Algae. International Society for the Study of
Harmful Algae 2014
ISBN 978-87-990827-4-2.
The preparation of this publication was supported by the Organizing Committee of the 15th
International Conference on Harmful Algae and funded by the Gyeongsangnam-do Provincial
Government.
Published in 2014
Maple Design, Busan, Korea
Conference Organization
Convener
Hak Gyoon Kim
Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
Korea Local Organizing Committee
Organizing Committee
Hak Gyoon Kim(Chair), Pukyong National University
Young Sang Suh, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute(NFRDI)
Chang Kyu Lee, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute
Woon Hyun Chung, Gyeongnam Provincical Government
Joong Ki Choi, Inha University
Myung Soo Han(Co-chair), Hanyang University
Scientific Committee
Mu Chan Kim, Gyeongsang National University
Mi Kyung Kim, Youngnam University
Chang Hoon Kim, Pukyong National University
Chang Ho Moon, Pukyong National University
Myung Gil Park, Chonnam National University
Jong Gyu Park, Kunsan National University
Kyoung Ho An, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute
Yu Hwan Ahn, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute
Sung Ryull Yang, Kwangju University
Yang Ho Yoon, Chonnam National University
Won Ho Yih, Kunsan National University
Joon Baek Lee, Cheju University1. Chair :
Sam Geun Lee, Kyungsung University
Jin Whan Lee, Sangmyung University
Man Chang, Korea Ocean R & D Institute, KORDI)
Hae Jin Jeong, Seoul National University
Jang-Seu Ki, Sangmyung University
Advisory committee
Joo Suck Park, ex-president of NFRDI
Jae Hyung Shim, ex-professor of Seoul National University
Chan Hwan Cho, ex-professor of Gyeongsang National University
International Scientific Committee
Don Anderson, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA
Rhodora Azanza, University of the Philippines, Philippines
Allan Cembella, Alfred Wegener Institute(AWI) for Polar and Marine Research, Germany
Barrie Dale, University of Oslo, Norway
Greg Doucette, NOAA/NOS/Marine Biotoxins Program,USA
Henrik Enevoldsen, IOC of UNESCO, Denmark
Yasuwo Fukuyo, University of Tokyo, Japan
Patricia M. Glibert, University of Maryland, Horn Point Laboratory, USA
Edna Graneli, Linnaeus University, Sweden
Leonardo Guzmán, Instituto de Formento Pesquero, Chile
Gustaaf Hallegraef, University of Tasmania, Australia
Kin Chung Ho, Open University of Hong Kong, China
Rita Horner, University of Washington, USA
Ichiro Imai, University of Hokkaido, Japan
Hae Jin Jeong, Seoul National University, Korea
Hak Gyoon Kim. Pukyong National University, Korea
Jane Lewis, University of Westminister, London, U.K.
Songhui Lu, Jian University, Institute of Hydobiology, China
Lincoln Mackenzie, Cawthron Institute, New Zealand
Jannifer Martin, Fisheries and Oceans, Canada
Ojvind Moestrup, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Kalliopi Pagou, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Greece
Grant Pitcher, Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa
Beatriz Reguera, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Vigo, Spain
Sandra Shumway, University of Connecticut, USA
Pat Tester, NOAA, NOS, North Carolina, USA
Vera Trainer, NOAA, NFSC, Seattle, USA
Takashi Yasumoto, Okinawa CREATE, Japan
Mingjiang Zhou, Chinese Academy of Science, China
Hosted by
Gyeongnam-do provincial government
National Fisheries Research & Development Institute
Korea HAB Research Group (KORHAB)
Local Major Sponsors
Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science
The Korean Society of Oceanography
The Korean Society of Phycology
Pukyong National University
Kyongsang National University
International organizations
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO
Food and Agricultural Organization
Scientific Committee for OR,
NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research
NOWPAP +++,
North Pacific Marine Science Organization
Northwest Pacific Action Plan
Exhibitors
Other Sponsors
List of Referees
Yuhwan Ahn, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology(KIOST), Ansan, Korea
Don Anderson, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
Rhodora Azanza, The Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines, Philippines
Sandra Azevedo, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Allan Cembella, Alfred Wegener Institute(AWI) for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Eunseob Cho, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute(NFRDI), Busan, Korea
William Cochlan, San Francisco State University, Tiburon, CA, USA
Barrie Dale, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Greg Doucette, Marine Biotoxins Program, National Ocean Service, NOAA, SC, USA
Patricia M. Glibert, University of Maryland, Horn Point Laboratory, Cambridge, MD, USA
Gustaaf Hallegraef, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Myung-Soo Han, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
Ichiro Imai, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
Joji Ishizaka, Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
Youngsil Kang, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute(NFRDI), Busan, Korea
Jang Seu Ki, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Korea
Hak Gyoon Kim. Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
Mi-Kyung Kim, Youngnam University, Daegu, Korea
Anke Kremp, Finnish Environment Institute SUKE, Helsinki, Finland
Choul Gyun Lee, Inha university, Incheon, Incheon, Korea
Joon Baek Lee, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
Sam Geun Lee, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
Nina Lundholm, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Lincoln Mackenzie, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
Jannifer Martin, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Biological Station, St. Andrews, Canada
Brett A. Neilan, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Beatriz Reguera, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Vigo, Spain
Lesley Rhodes, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
Suzanne Roy, Institut des Sciences de la Mer, Université du Québec, Québec, Canada
Andreas Seger, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Sandra Shumway, Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, CT, USA
Theodore Smayda, Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, USA
Kirsty Smith, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
Sanna Suikkanen, Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Helsinki, Finland
Patricia A. Tester, National Ocean Service, NOAA, North Carolina, USA
Vera Trainer, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, Seattle, USA
Adriana Zingone, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohn, Napoli, Italy
Mingjiang Zhou, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Qingdao, China
Rita Horner, University of Washington, USA
PREFACE
The 15th International Conference on Harmful Algae (15 ICHA) was held in Changwon Exhibition
Convention Center (CECO), Changwon, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea, from October 29 to
November 2, 2012. This conference was hosted by a tripartite organization: Gyeongnam Provincial
Government, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI), and Korea HAB
Research Group (KORHAB). The principle aim of this conference was to clarify the role of mankind
on the outbreaks of HABs to determine the relevant Must-Do’s of mankind and minimize the impacts
of HABs on marine ecosystem and marine industries. Thereby the theme of the conference was
“Mankind and Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs).” 15 ICHA brought together 478 participants from
46 countries. For young scientists, 48 rooms with no charge were provided at the Gyeongnam
Officials Training Institute which accommodated 77 young scientists from 22 countries. This gave
them a unique opportunity to have scientific and friendly discussions and establish future
cooperative developments.
The scientific program of the 15th ICHA focused on 17 topics which addressed all issues related to
the monitoring and prediction, population dynamics, toxin chemistry, and the impact, management
and mitigation of HABs in the world, 2012. The open round table discussion on the subject “Can we
find or discover environmentally friendly mitigation strategies?” was held on 1 November with many
attendees and local journalists. A total of 395 contributions included: 12 invited speakers, 139 orals,
and 244 posters communications representing 46 countries. Two parallel sessions were scheduled
every day following a plenary introductory sessions which featured reviews covering the full range of
topics. The key note address of “HABs in a Changing World” was presented by Dr. Donald M.
Anderson, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA.
The eight plenary lectures were; i) Phycotoxins as Allelochemicals in Marine Foods Webs:
Emerging Toxin Paradigm or New Paradox of the Plankton; ii) Growth, Feeding, and Ecological
Roles of the Mixotrophic and Heterotrophic Dinoflagellates in Marine Food Webs; iii) Current Status
and Future of HAB Occurrence and its Management in the Western Pacific Region; iv) Bloom
Dynamics and Ecophysiology of the Cochlodinium polykrikoides with Emphasis on Korean coastal
Waters; v) The Role of Cyanotoxins: An Open Question to be Answered; vi) Looking Back into the
Future of HABs; vii) Green Tide in the Yellow Sea –Mechanisms and Impacts; viii) Harm from the
Benthos: Old and New Challenges for HAB Research and Management. Three topics on “A method
to increase removal efficiency of HAB organisms by modifying clays; Algicidal bacteria, and HABs
mitigation strategies in Korea and environmentally friendly new initiatives” were presented on the
round table discussion. Of the 395 communications presented in the book of abstracts, 52 are
presented as condensed papers in these Proceedings.
For better understanding the HABs in Korea, the Harmful Algae News (UNESCO) bulletin No. 46,
June 2012, dedicated a section to introduce “HAB Research and Management in Korea”. The book
“Korea and HABs” was distributed to all participants during the conference. In addition, a special
issue of the journal Harmful Algae (Elsevier) – Red Tides in Korea (Vol. 30, Supplement 1. Dec.
2013) reflected trends in HABs research and management in Korea.
Members of the international and local committee served as session chairs during the conference
as well as manuscript reviewers for these proceedings manuscripts. Our thanks go to the able
chairpersons of the conference sessions and patient reviewers of the manuscripts. The organizing
committee and the editors of these Proceedings thank all of our colleagues for their presentations
which made the meeting a success. Special thanks go to the invited speaker Dr. Allen Cembella for
summary report of this conference. We, the Local Organizing Committee and the Conference
Secretariat, including three host organizations, extend our appreciations to all participants for their
attendance and presentations.
Hak Gyoon Kim Ph D, Convener
Table of Contents
Conference Hosts and Sponsors
Conference Organization Committees
Harmful Algae 2012 Reviewers
15th ICHA 2012 Korea Attendees Photographs
Key Note
HABs in a changing world: a perspective on harmful algal blooms, their impacts, and
research and management in a dynamic era of climactic and environmental change
Donald M. Anderson
Plenary
Looking back into the future of harmful algal blooms and HAB research
Barrie Dale
Harm from the benthos: old and new challenges for HAB research and management
Adriana Zingone
Regional events and trends, biogeography, and novel and alien species
29. Evaluation of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. in a tropical bay of the Mexican Pacific
Ma. Eugenia Zamudio-Resendiz, David González-Rivas, and M. Esther Meave del
Castillo
20. Potentially toxic microalgae in a subtropical estuary and adjacent coast
in Brazil with emphasis on the new record of Nodularia spumigena (320 S; 520 W)
Lumi Haraguchi and Clarisse Odebrecht
2- Red tide outbreaks in Alexandria (Egypt) waters: Invasive harmful species
Samia K. Mikhail and Wagdy Labib
10- Accumulation and transformation of paralytic shellfish toxin by the pen shell
Atrina pectinata
Hiroshi Oikawa1 and Yukihiko Matsuyama
42. Recent HAB events in Ha Long Bay (Vietnam): Increase in frequency, harmful
effects associated with increased eutrophication
Nguyen Van Nguyen, Le Thanh Tung, Dao Duy Thu, Luu Xuan Hoa, Nguyen Van Thoa, Nguyen Cong
Thanh, Nguyen Hoang Minh, and Yasuwo Fukuyo
HAB monitoring, modeling, and prediction
51. Phytoplankton variability modulation by the hydrodynamic regime in Alfacs Bay
(NW Mediterranean). A combined experimental and modelling study
Elisa Berdalet, Mireia L. Artigas, Clara Llebot, Oliver N. Ross, Andrea B. Hoyer, Norma Z. Neszi, Jaume
Piera, Francisco Rueda, and Marta Estrada
53. Comparative studies on phytoplankton dynamics and bio-optics for HAB
monitoring in the Ebro Delta, NW Mediterranean
Julia A. Busch, Allan D. Cembella, Margarita Fernández-Tejedor, Jorge Diogéne, and Oliver Zielinski
24. AFLP reveals intraspecific variations in geographically diverse Ostreopsis cf. ovata
populations
Anna Italiano, Davide Di Cioccio, Marco Borra, Elio Biffali, Gabriele Procaccini, and Adriana Zingone
32. A Regional Comparison of Upwelling, Coastal Land Use Patterns, and HAB
Hotspots Along the California Coast
Raphael Kudela, Clarissa Anderson, Drew Lucas, Dave Caron, Burt Jones, Gaurav Sukhatme, Chris Scholin,
John Ryan, Jim Birch, Kanna Rajan, G Jason Smith, Yi Chao, and Greg Doucette
8- Preliminary studies on HAB monitoring in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea using
remote sensing data from ocean color sensor MODIS
Mohammad Seddiq Mortazavi, Samad Hamzei and Abbas Ali Motallebi
6- Risk Stratification of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP)
in Shellfish of the Gulf of Thailand
Kanitha Srisuksawad , Boonsom Porntepkasemsan , and Narumol Kornkanitnan
12. Phytoplankton bloom strategies and constraints on predicting outbreaks
Tim Wyatt and Adriana Zingone
Population dynamics of Harmful Algal Blooms including climate changes
25. Ocean acidification will not deliver us from Ostreopsis
Davide Di Cioccio, Maria Cristina Buia and Adriana Zingone
18. Exploring the conditions leading to an exceptional early bloom of Dinophysis
acuminata in northwest Spain during 2012
Patricio A. Díaz, Beatriz Reguera, Laura Escalera, Yolanda Pazos, Manuel Varela, and Manuel
Ruiz-Villarreal
40- Spring-neap tidal and circadian variability in the distribution of
two groups of Pseudo-nitzschia species in an upwelling-influenced estuary
Patricio A. Díaz, Beatriz Reguera, Lourdes Velo-Suarez, Isabel Ramilo, Patrick Gentien, Michel Lunven, Liam
Fernand, Robin Raine, and Manuel Ruiz-Villarreal
37. Alexandrium catenella cyst distribution and germination in Puget Sound, WA USA
Cheryl L. Greengrove, Julie E. Masura, Stephanie K. Moore, Brian D. Bill, Levi R. Hay, Neil S. Banas, Eric
P. Salathe Jr., Nathan J. Mantua, Donald M. Anderson, Vera L. Trainer, and John E. Stein
48. The relationship between harmful algal blooms and cyst germination in Korean
waters
Myung-Soo Han and Bum Soo Park
22.Climate change and eutrophication of coastal waters: Gyeonggi Bay long-term
surveys
Roksana Jahan and Joong Ki Choi
41. Estimating the effects of ocean -induced behavioral shifts on primary production
of Heterosigma akashiwo
Hyewon Kim and Susanne Menden-Deuer
28. Co-occurrence of toxic dinoflagellates Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum
and Gymnodinium catenatum in Acapulco Bay, Mexico
Esther Meave del Castillo. and Eugenia Zamudio-Resendiz
39. Feeding behaviour of Fragilidium cf. duplocampanaeforme
and F. subglobosum on four Dinophysis species
Francisco Rodríguez, Pilar Rial, Beatriz Reguera, Pilar Riobó, José M. Franco, and Isabel Bravo
34. Differential effects of algal toxins on grazing by the copepod Acartia tonsa
Patricia A. Tester, Erik D. Davenport, Rebecca J. Waggett, Jiarong Hong, Siddharth Talapatra, Joseph Katz,
and Allen R. Place
Taxonomy, systematic and phylogeny
14. Lectin Binding in Marine Raphidophytes
Anette Engesmo, Wenche Eikrem, Carmelo R Tomas, and Richard M Dillamann
54. Algicidal effects on gene transcriptions of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), HSP90
and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum
Ruoyu Guo, Vinitha Ebenezer, Min-Ah Lee, and Jang-Seu Ki
5- Growth response of Pseudo-nitzschia circumpora (Bacillariophyceae) to different
salinities
Hong-Chang Lim, Sing-Tung Teng, Chui-Pin Leaw, Siti-Zubaidah binti Kamarudin, and Po-Teen Lim
11. Identification of carbohydrates binding to FITC-conjugated in different species of
the genus Dinophysis
Nicolás Raho, David Jaén, Francisco Rodríguez, Beatriz Reguera, Luz Mamán, and Irma Marín
15- Does the pinnatoxin-producing dinoflagellate, Vulcanodinium rugosum, comprise
a species complex?
Kirsty Smith, Lesley Rhodes, Andy Selwood, Gustaaf Hallegraeff, Shoichiro Suda, and Haifeng Gu
16- Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) in Malaysia: a record of taxa from field
investigations
Sing-Tung Teng, Po-Teen Lim, Hong-Chang Lim, and Chui-Pin Leaw
4-The dinophycean genus Azadinium and related species –
morphological and molecular characterization, biogeography, and toxins
Urban Tillmann, Malte Elbrächter, Marc Gottschling, Haifeng Gu, Hae Jin Jeong, Bernd Krock, Elisabeth
Nézan, Éric Potvin, Rafael Salas, and Sylvia Soehner
27. Proliferation of 5-hydroxymethyl uracil in the genomes of dinoflagellates is
synapomorphic to dinokaryon containing species
Ernest P. Williams and Allen R. Place
19. Evaluation of LDH-release assay for the detection and analysis of cellular level
toxic potential of HAB species
Yanan Zou, Daekyung Kim, Yasuhiro Yamasaki, Kenichi Yamaguchi, and Tatsuya Oda
Toxin chemistry and toxicity
52- Application of a Receptor Binding Assay (RBA) to the analyses of PSP toxins in
four species of shellfish in El Salvador
Oscar Amaya, Gerardo Ruiz, Wilfredo Rivera, and Jaime Espinoza
1.The toxicity of pinnatoxins
Rex Munday, Andy Selwood, Lesley Rhodes, Kirsty Smith, Shoichiro Suda, and Haifeng Gu
7- Qualitative and quantitative assessment of marine biotoxins in shellfish of the
Persian Gulf and Oman Sea
Mohammad Seddiq Mortazavi, Salim Sharifian, S and Ali Aramideh.
30. Sorting the Fatty Acid Chaff from the Toxin Wheat, or is it All Wheat? Assigning Dinoflagellate PKS genes to Toxin Synthesis
Allen Place
4. The dinophycean genus Azadinium and related species -morphological and
molecular characterization, biogeography, and toxins
Urban Tillmann, Malte Elbrächter, Marc Gottschling, Haifeng Gu, Hae Jin Jeong, Bernd Krock, Elisabeth
Nézan, Éric Potvin, Rafael Salas, and Sylvia Soehner
Cyanophyceae, and freshwater algal blooms
49. Environmental factors that influence freshwater cyanobacterial populations in the
Piedmont region of North Carolina, USA.
Kileigh Browning, Elizabeth Fensin, and Brant Touchette
21. Microcystin-encoding gene cluster in Synechococcus strain isolated from Great
Mazurian Lakes
Aleksandra Bukowska1, Anna Karnkowska-Ishikawa and Iwona Jasser
44. Control of Microcystis aeruginosa bloom by using of microorganisms in waters of
reed community and water plant bed
Ichiro Imai, Kouhei Ohgi, Sachio Mizuhara, Atsushi Yamaguchi, and Masahide Kaeriyama
3- Blooms of the colonial green algae Botryococcus braunii Kützing associated with
massive fish mortality in Nozha Lake, Alexandria, Egypt
Wagdy Labib, Samia K. Mikhail, Ahmed M. Kassem, Magdy El Kassas, and Mahmoud M. Ahmed
17- Occurrence of red coloured Planktohrix (Cyanophyta) species in Estonian lakes
Aimar Rakko and Ingmar Ott
Impacts of HABs , management and mitigation of HABs
36. Extended blooms of Karenia concordia and other harmful algae from 2009 to 2011
in Wellington Harbour, New Zealand
F. Hoe Chang and A. Brett Mullan
31. Heterosigma akashiwo in the Salish Sea: Defining growth and toxicity leading to
fish kills
William P. Cochlan, Vera L. Trainer, Charles G. Trick, Mark L. Wells, Brian D. Bill, and Bich-Thuy L.
Eberhart
45. Efficacy of Microcystis aeruginosa removal in deionized and brackish water
Natalya D. Gallo, Rebecca H. Certner, Neelam Parikh, Haena Cho, Alexander Gibbons,
Christine Kim, Tina Liu, Hannah Miller, Taylor Throwe, Matthew Wooten, David A. Vanko, and Kevin G.
Sellner
33. The effects of light, temperature and nutrient stress on laboratory cultures of
Heterosigma akashiwo from Puget Sound, Washington, USA
Christopher E. Ikeda, Julian Herndon, Itamar Y. Gnatt, and William P. Cochlan
38. Thalassorheology: cultures of harmful algae and bacteria increase or reduce
laminar-flow viscosity depending on length scale
Ian R. Jenkinson and Jun Sun
46. HAB mitigation strategies in Korea and eco-friendly new initiatives
Hak-Gyoon Kim
13. Introduction of harmful dinoflagellates through ship traffic: Differences between
the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of Canada
Suzanne Roy, Marie Parenteau, Oscar Casas-Monroy, and André Rochon
9- Turbulence, Shear Stress, and Toxicity in Heterosigma akashiwo
Brian Sutton-Quaid and Charles G. Trick
47. Exploration of Phoslock® clay in mitigating Prymnesium parvum fish-killing algal
blooms in aquaculture ponds
Andreas Seger, Adam Body, and Gustaaf Hallegraeff
26. Beyond the Bloom: Using a Socio-Ecological Systems Framework to Investigate
Stakeholder Response to Harmful Algal Bloom Management in the Chesapeake Bay,
USA
Elizabeth Van Dolah, Michael Paolisso, Kevin Sellner, and Allen Place