First Semester Study Guide
1) A. Identify the following pieces of equipment
B. Describe their uses:
First Semester Study Guide
2) Which piece of equipment will measure volume to the nearest mL?
________________________
3) What is the volume of liquid in the graduated cylinder? _________
4) What is the volume of the cylinder to the right? __________________
5) Read the mass on the triple beam balance to the nearest .1 gram___________
6) Circle the correct mass:
7) What instrument would be used to measure in mm? _________________
8) What instrument would you use to measure to the nearest g? ___________________
First Semester Study Guide
9) Measure the length of the following:
10) Describe how you would read from a graduated cylinder? ______________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
11) What should you do with lab equipment that is chipped or broken? _____________________
______________________________________________________________________________
12) What is the correct format for writing a hypothesis? __________________________________
13) When should you touch your materials in a lab? ______________________________________
14) A student measured a table end to be 855mm, their pencil to be 12mm and their key to be
8mm. What piece of equipment did they use to measure?______________________________
15) Which of the following would be correctly written scientific questions (You can circle more
than 1) :
a) Is experimenting on mice right or wrong?
b) Does sugar cause tooth decay?
c) Who is the most famous scientist in the world?
d) Who should make more: Police officers or Rock Stars?
e) Does tanning harm the skin?
16) Which of the following would be properly written hypotheses:
a. If a plant was watered more, then it would grow taller because plants use water to
keep their cells healthy.
b. Higher pitches will break glass more easily because of the pitch
c. If teachers made more money, then they would work better, because money is more
incentive for them
d. If 100 students ate more chocolate, then they would have more cavities because
chocolate has sugars that eat away at teeth.
17) Why would c not be a properly written hypothesis? ___________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
18) Write a question that could be a properly written scientific question: _____________________
______________________________________________________________________________
19) What piece of equipment would measure the mass of an object? _______________________
Volume:___________________________ Length:_______________________________
20) If a student added different soils and plant foods to his desert plants, added the same amount
of water each day, and covered each of them with the same type of covering at night, all to
see how differently they would grow, which information would be important to include in a
report to another student so they can repeat the same investigation?
a- The volume of water given
b- The types of soil and plant foods given
c- The dates that were tested
d- Their previous experience as a botanist.
First Semester Study Guide
21) How would you find a mineral’s hardness? What is the name of the scale used to measure it’s
hardness? ________________________________ _____________________________________
b. What would happen if a mineral of a hardness of 3 scratched against a mineral of hardness
of 5? __________________________________________________________________________
22) How would you test a mineral’s streak?- __________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
23) Looking at the Moh’s hardness scale, the hardest minerals are diamond, topaz, quartz… These
are all what types of minerals? A- ore
B- Rock
C- Gemstone
D- Iron
24) Describe the crystal size/grain of a rock that cools a) Slowly_____________________________
b) quickly__________________________________________________________________
25) What are the 3 main types of rock? ______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
26) What will change any type of rock into an igneous rock? __________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
27) What will change an igneous rock into a metamorphic rock? ________________________
28) What type of rock is
A) Basalt______________________
B) Limestone______________________
C) Granite (large visible grain)________________________
D) Coal____________________________
E) Marble__________________________
F) Gneiss__________________________
G) Obsidian (no visible grain)________________________
29) What is a foliated metamorphic rock (Gneiss is an example of this)?
__________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
30) Explain weathering______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
31) What is erosion and deposition? ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
32) How rocks, plants, soil… settles in water is an example of what step in the formation of a
sedimentary rock? __________________________________
33) Granite has large crystals. It is an intrusive, ____________ grained igneous rock.
34) Obsidian is “glassy”. It has no crystals, so it is an __________________igneous rock.
35) What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rock? How are their
crystals/grain different? _________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
36) Increasing heat and pressure forms what type of rock? ________________________________
37) Melting then cooling would form what type of rock? __________________________________
38) Compacting and cementing help to form what type of rock? ____________________________
39) How do plants help reduce erosion? ________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
First Semester Study Guide
40) Type of rock formed from magma cooling beneath the earth’s surface is __________________
41) What type of rock can form an igneous rock? _________________________________
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What layer of soil will be effected by weathering and eroding most quickly?
Why? _________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Which layer in the above picture formed first? _________________Last? _________________
Coal is formed mostly from the remains of ____________________________
What type of rock would you expect to find more fossils in? _________________________
What type of rock is not likely to have fossils? ____________________explain why: _________
______________________________________________________________________________
The movement of lithospheric plates is caused by __________________ _________________
Convection currents are found where? ___________________________________________
Earth’s mantle is made up of________________________, the crust is made of
_______________________while the core is made up of _______________________________
What evidence did Wegener use to support his theory of continental drift? _______________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
What are the 3 types of plate boundaries? How do they move?
A_____________________________________________________________________________
B_____________________________________________________________________________
C_____________________________________________________________________________
What is a ridge? What type of boundary is it near? ____________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
In what type of boundary is crust subducted? ________________________________b. Where
does crust subduct?__________________________________________
The Himalayas are folded mountains that formed from what types of collisions? ___________
Make a sketch that would show two plates diverging. Label a mid ocean ridge (underwater
mountain) and a rift valley
Make a sketch showing a continental-oceanic collision. Label a trench, a volcano, and coastal
mountain.
57) To measure earthquakes, geologists record vibrations called
____________________________, by using a ______________________________
First Semester Study Guide
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The location directly above an focus is called the _____________________________
How many seismic stations are needed to find the epicenter of an earthquake? ________
Where do most earthquakes/ volcanoes occur? ________________________________
What type of volcano is made of steep rock fragments at the top and layers of lava sloping at
the base? _________________________
62) Which type of volcano forms from fragments being ejected into the air, piling around the
vent? ___________________________
63) Review the diagram. Be able to label each feature, and determine the type of plate
movements that are happening throughout.
Label the - trench, volcanoes, coastal mountains, ocean ridge.