Table S1. Publications included in meta-analysis with latitude (in decimal degrees), study duration (in months), habitat classification,
and whether birds were excluded in winter.
Publication
Askenmo et al. (1977)
Atlegrim (1989)
Barber & Marquis (2009)
Barber & Marquis (2011a)
Barber & Marquis (2011b)
Böhm et al. (2010)
Bridgeland et al. (2010)
Campbell & Torgerson (1983)
Campbell, Torgersen, & Srivastava (1983)
Evelegh, Majer, & Recher (2001)
Floyd (1996)
Forkner & Hunter (2000)
Gámex-Vireués et al. (2010)
Garibaldi et al. (2010)
Giffard et al. (2012)
Gunnarsson (1996)
Gunnarsson & Hake (1999)
Holmes, Schultz, & Nothnagle (1979)
Lichtenberg & Lichtenberg (2002)
Low & Connor (2003)
Marquis & Whelan (1994)
Mazia et al. (2009)
Mazia, Kitzberger, & Chaneton (2004)
Medina & Barbosa (2002)
Mols & Visser (2002)
Latitude (dd)
57.68
63.55
38.05
38.52
38.52
48.41
41.22
47.19
44.89
-32.38
32.48
33.89
33.27
40.61
44.73
57.68
57.68
43.93
36.29
39.69
38.05
-41.20
-40.60
39.04
51.70
Duration (mo)
5
2.5
5
18
5
5
12
1
1
12
15
6
8
17
18
5
23
–
16
–
18
15
–
0.2
–
Habitat
forest
forest
forest
forest
forest
forest
forest
forest
forest
shrubland
shrubland
forest
shrubland
forest
forest
forest
forest
forest
forest
shrubland
forest
forest
forest
forest
forest
Winter exclusion
y
n
n
y
n
n
n
n
n
y
y
y
n
n
y
y
n
n
y
n
y
y
y
n
n
Mooney (2006)
Mooney (2007)
Mooney & Linhart (2006)
Murakami (1999)
Murakami & Nakano (2000)
Recher & Majer (2006)
Ritchie (2000)
Schwenk et al. (2010)
Singer et al. (2012)
Sipura (1999)
Solomon et al. (1976)
Strengbom et al. (2005)
Strong, Sherry, & Holmes (2000)
Torgersen & Campbell (1982)
Wiens et al. (1991)
Zehnder et al. (2010)
39.10
39.10
39.10
42.67
42.70
-32.75
45.43
43.94
41.45
61.55
51.43
64.23
43.94
48.35
43.41
35.05
3
15
27
1
2
20
85
28
1
4
5
36
15
1
13
19
forest
forest
forest
forest
forest
forest
shrubland
forest
forest
shrubland
forest
forest
forest
forest
shrubland
forest
n
y
y
n
n
y
n
n
n
n
y
y
y
n
n
y
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Barber, N.A. & Marquis, R.J. (2009) Spatial Variation in Top-down Direct and Indirect Effects on White Oak (Quercus alba L.).
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Barber, N.A. & Marquis, R.J. (2011a) Light environment and the impacts of foliage quality on herbivorous insect attack and bird
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Mazia, C.N., Kitzberger, T. & Chaneton, E.J. (2004) Interannual changes in folivory and bird insectivory along a natural productivity
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Grassland studies excluded
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201.
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Table S2. Herbivore species and the censuses in which each was recorded on Q. velutina
field experiment. M = May, J = July, S = September.
Order
Family
Species
Census recorded
Orthoptera
Acrididae
Melanoplus sp.
J
Tettigoniidae
Scudderia sp.
J
Phasmatodea
Phasmidae
Megaphasma dentricus
S
Diapheromera femorata
J,S
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Beetle sp.
S
Curculionidae
Cyrtepistomus castaneus
M,J,S
Lepidoptera
Nepticulidae
Stigmella sp.
J,S
Tischeriidae
Tischeria citrinipennella
J
Bucculatricidae
Bucculatrix albertiella
J,S
Gracillariidae
Phyllonorycter sp.
J
Coleophoridae
Coleophora quercicella
M
Gelechiidae
Ancylis sp.
J
Pseudotelphusa sp.
J,S
Chionodes pereyra
M
Chionodes formosella
M
Chionodes sp.
M
Telphusa latifasciella
M
Trypanisma prudens
S
Oecophoridae
Psilocorsis quercicella
S
Psilocorsis reflexella
J,S
Pyralidae
Pococera expandens
S
Tortricidae
Tortricid sp. 1
M
Limacodidae
Acharia stimulea
S
Isa textula
S
Apoda biguttata
S
Natada nasoni
S
Geometridae
Eutrapela clemataria
M
Anacamptodes ephyraria
S
Lytrosus unitaria
S
Hypagyrtis unipunctata
J
Lambdina fervidaria
J,S
Alsophila pometaria
M
Phigalia strigataria
M
Saturniidae
Antheraea polphemus
S
Notodontidae
Nadata gibbosa
J,S
Macrurocampa marthesia
S
Heterocampa guttivitta
J
Schizura ipomoeae
S
Noctuidae
Acronicta increta
S
Hyperstrotia secta
J
Morrisonia confusa
J
Amphipyra pyramidoides
M
Chaetaglaea sericea
M
Lithophane amanda
M
Zale minerea
M
Pantheidae
Charada deridens
S
Arctiidae
Halysidota tessellaris
S
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Periclista sp. 1
M
Periclista sp. 2
M
Caliroa sp.
J,S
Acordulera sp.
M