UTHUKELA DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY PROFILE 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3. 4. 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 5. 6. 7. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Overview Municipalities within the District Political and Administrative Leadership and Seat of District Political Representation SERVICE DELIVERY Household Infrastructure Sanitation Water Electricity Refuse Removal Service Provider AUDIT OPINIONS STATE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ASSESSMENT Overview of findings on assessment in the Municipality Governance Financial Management and Viability Service Delivery INFRASTRUCTURE PRIORITIES IN TERMS OF THE MUNICIPAL TURN-AROUND STRATEGY MIG PROJECTS VULNERABILITY CLASSIFICATION 2 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 10 10 11 15 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Uthukela region has an abundance of natural resources and opportunities, including the Drakensberg, Tugela River, N3 and N11 national roads and industrial developments in Ladysmith and Estcourt. The Uthukela area is characterized by a low revenue base, poor infrastructure, limited access to services, high levels of poverty and unemployment, skills shortage, lack of resources, low level of education, underdeveloped land and settlement patterns that make it difficult to plan for effective service delivery. The district includes five local municipalities. With regard to basic service delivery, Uthukela has made great strides in reducing the water backlog to 30% and the sanitation backlog to 36%. A high number of 42% of households do not use electricity as a means of lighting. Uthukela district has an average access to infrastructure amongst the districts in the province. An overview of household access to infrastructure in the district shows a slight improvement from 42% in 1996 to 50% in 2009. The Uthukela District municipality and three of the local municipalities have improved their audit outcomes over time to a financially unqualified with other matters opinion. The audit outcomes of Indaka and Okhahlamba remain poor. Uthukela District Municipality has been identified in the KwaZulu-Natal State of Local Government Assessment as one the municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal affected by political instability, facing serious challenges in the political and administrative interface, as well as serious financial management challenges. The District was further identified as experiencing serious service delivery challenges. In terms of its Municipal Turn-Around Strategy the Uthukela District Municipality identified political contestations as the main cause for the disruption of service delivery The political dynamics in the district also played a major role in the breakdown in intergovernmental relations in the district. Poor services in the most rural municipalities need to be addressed, as well as the contestations about water services between the district and local municipalities. Three of the five local municipalities in the Uthukela District have been classified as in the category of most vulnerable by DCoG in terms of functionality, socio-economic profile and backlog status. This profile confirms that infrastructure delivery in Uthukela District require an improved governance and intergovernmental relations environment. The improvement in access to electricity has been negligible and requires concerted effort, while increased access to piped water should also be prioritised. 3 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overview1 The district is rich in history, with a wealth of historical buildings, battle sites and memorials. Uthukela District Municipality derives its name from one of the major rivers in KwaZulu-Natal, the uThukela River that rises from the Drakensberg and supplies water to a large portion of KwaZulu-Natal as well as Gauteng. The district municipality includes five local municipalities, namely Emnambithi, Indaka, Umtshezi, Okhahlamba and Imbabazane. Uthukela District Municipality is 11 326.12 sq km in extent and has a population of 723 844. The area is characterized by a low revenue base, poor infrastructure, limited access to services, high levels of poverty and unemployment, skills shortage, lack of resources, low level of education, underdeveloped land and settlement patterns that make it difficult to plan for effective service delivery. The attraction of investors, tourists and skilled human resources is a challenge due to Uthukela’s location away from the two major cities, namely Durban and Johannesburg. The following priority issues were identified: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Backlogs in the provision of sustainable infrastructure, water and sanitation services. Economic development. Prevention of ill health and promotion of wellness. Financial and administrative capacity. Accountability and public participation institutions. Public safety and security. Tenure security and shelter. Coordination of services. Addressing the injustices of the apartheid past. The population of Uthukela is relatively young, with more than 60% being 5–34 years of age. Nearly 34% of households do not have any income, with more than 46% falling below the minimum living level of R22 452 per annum. According to the KwaZulu-Natal Income Dynamics Survey conducted in 2004, 22% of households in KwaZulu-Natal were chronically poor, with 31% being momentarily poor. The families within Uthukela are therefore far worse off than the average households in the rest of KwaZulu-Natal. With regard to basic service delivery, Uthukela has made great strides in reducing the water backlog to 30% and the sanitation backlog to 36%. However, 18% of households still do not have access to sanitation. What is encouraging though is that the bucket latrine system is being phased out with just under 1% of households still using this type of sanitation system. A staggering 42% of households do not use electricity as a means of lighting. The percentage of households that use candles as a source of lighting Source: Gaffney’s, November 2009: Local Government in South Africa 2009 – 2001, Official Yearbook: p 847 - 849 1 4 stands at 38%, with the remainder using gas, paraffin and solar power as a source of lighting. Refuse is a serious environmental health issue, with 18% of households having no means of waste disposal. The Uthukela region has an abundance of natural resources and opportunities, including the Drakensberg, Tugela River, N3 and N11 national roads and industrial developments in Ladysmith and Estcourt. The natural beauty of Uthukela should be turned to advantage through marketing and the maintenance of infrastructure in order to secure a lucrative tourism industry. Uthukela has developed the multicultural centre concept to gain some benefits from the 2010 Soccer World Cup but requires funding and buy-in. The proposed cableway in the Mweni Valley, linking KwaZulu-Natal and Lesotho, will also promote tourism in the district and investigations are underway to establish a tourism development (chalets and hotel) at the Woodstock Dam. An initial viability study was also completed for the Big Five Game Reserve/Bridge to Nowhere initiative, which has the potential to create 4 000 jobs. 1.2 Municipalities within the Uthukela District The details of the five local municipalities within the District are tabled below: Table 1: Statistics of the Uthukela District and Local Municipalities Municipalities within the District Uthukela District Municipality Emnambithi-Ladysmith Local Municipality Imbabazane Local Municipality Indaka Local Municipality Area (km²) in 2009 Area (km2) after 2011 Local Govt Elections & % change Population No. of Households Poverty Rate 11,326.12 11,326.12 - 723,844 141,481 68.00% 2,964.84 2,964.84 - 239,703 50,887 54.11% 985.24 1,426.31 44.77% 142,505 24,865 76.79% 991.54 991.54 - 102,819 21,343 82.54% Okhahlamba Local Municipality 3,475.48 3,970.98 14.26% 153,341 28,865 70.71% Umtshezi Local Municipality Uthukela District Management Area (Giants Castle Game Reserve 1,972.45 1,972.45 - 84,954 15,422 53.05% 521 100 70.00% 1.3 To be incorporated into 936.57 the local municipalities Political and Administrative Leadership and Seat of District2 Political Leadership: Executive Mayor: Ms DCP Mazibuko Administrative Leadership: Acting Municipal Manager: Mr J N Madondo The head office of the District is located in Ladysmith. 2 Source: Uthukela DM; August 2011 5 1.4 Political representation3 Table 2: Local Government Election 2006 / Provincial and National Elections 2009 comparison: Leading Parties in the Elections 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Local Government Elections 2006 Party Party Votes and Ward Votes and % % IFP ANC DA ACDP Other Totals 68,855 53,349 5,366 2,180 3,997 133,747 51.5% 39.9% 4.0% 1.6% 3.0% 100% 69,019 52,606 5,209 2,003 4,830 133,667 51.6% 39.4% 3.9% 1.5% 3.6% 100% Councillor Seats Party Seats % IFP ANC DA 16 12 2 Other Totals 30 53.3% 40.0% 6.7% % % 100% Provincial Elections 2009 Party Votes and % National Elections 2009 Party Votes and % ANC IFP DA MF Other ANC IFP DA MF Other 111,584 75,382 6,996 1,235 5,196 200,393 55.7% 37.6% 3.5% 0.6% 2.6% 100% Figure 1: 2011 Local Government Election results and seat allocations: 3 UPDATE Aug’09: DC40 seats - IFP(50%) 6 seats, ANC(42%) 5 seats, DA(8%) 1 seat, Total 12 DC40 seats 6 115,975 71,879 8,139 1,143 6,445 203,581 57.0% 35.3% 4.0% 0.6% 3.2% 100% The ANC is the leading party in terms of proportional DC40 Seats in Uthukela, with 7 seats of 13 seats. 2. SERVICE DELIVERY4 2.1 uThukela District Municipality Household Infrastructure Household Infrastructure Overview KZN - DC23 Uthukela District Municipality 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 Index 0.40 0.30 0.20 KZN - DC23… South Africa 0.10 0.00 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Source: IHS Global Insight Regional eXplorer version 574 Uthukela district has got an average access to infrastructure amongst the districts in the province. An overview of household access to infrastructure in the district shows a slight improvement from 42% in 1996 to 50% in 2009. 2.2 Sanitation With regard to access to sanitation, the district municipality’s household access to hygienic toilets has gone up from 35% in 1996 to 59% in 2009. The improvement in access to sanitation in general in the Municipality is mainly due to the increase in the use of pit latrines with ventilation. 4 Sources: IHS Global Insight Regional eXplorer version 574 and Municipal Demarcation Board, 2008: National Report on Local Government Capacity, District and Local Municipalities, MDB Capacity Assessment, 2007/2008. 7 2.3 Water Access to piped water above RDP level increased by only 5%, from 51% in 1996 to 56% in 2009. Similarly, there has been a slight increase as well in access to piped water below RDP level. About 25% of the households do not have access to this service. 2.4 Electricity While electricity connections are the biggest infrastructure achievement in most of the municipalities around the country, household access to electricity connections in the district increased by a percentage from 43% in 1996 to 44% in 2009. 2.5 Refuse removal Access to formal refuse removal service in the district has been lower since 1996 (27%). By 2009, some of the formal refuse removal services in the district were reduced to community removal. While this is the case, personal refuse removal went up over the years reaching 60% in 2009. The district is rural and the low levels of formal refuse removal must be taken in the context of low settlement densities, where on-site disposal or backyard burning of waste is sometimes appropriate. 2.6 Service provider Uthukela district does not have authority and does not perform the electricity reticulation function. The district, however, has authority and performs potable water and sanitation functions. The district has no authority and is not performing the refuse removal, refuse dumps and solid waste disposal function. 3. AUDIT OPINIONS Table 3: Audit Opinions of the District and Local Municipalities Municipality Audit Opinion 2005/6 uThukela DM Financially unqualified with other matters Emnambithi/Ladysmith Qualified LM Imbabazane LM Financially unqualified Audit Opinion 2006/7 Qualified Financially unqualified with other matters Qualified 8 Audit Opinion 2007/8 Financially unqualified with other matters Financially unqualified with other matters Financially unqualified Audit Opinion 2008/9 Financially unqualified with other matters Qualified Financially unqualified Audit Opinion 2009/10 Financially unqualified with findings Financially unqualified with findings Financially unqualified with other matters Disclaimer Disclaimer Qualified with other matters Indaka LM Qualified Qualified Okhahlamba LM Disclaimer Adverse Umtshezi LM Qualified Financially unqualified with other matters Source: Auditor-General 2009 and 2011, see. www.agsa.co.za with findings Disclaimer Disclaimer Financially unqualified with findings with findings Adverse Qualified Financially unqualified with findings From 2005/6 to 2009/10 Indaka and Okhahlamba have shown no improvement in their audit outcomes. In 2007/8 and 2009/10 uThukela district, Emnambithi, Imbabazane and Umtshezi secured financially unqualified audit results. 4. STATE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ASSESSMENT 4.1 Overview of findings on assessment in the municipality Uthukela District Municipality was identified in the KwaZulu-Natal State of Local Government Assessment as one of 19 municipalities that recorded serious challenges in most of the focus areas and prioritised for immediate intervention. 4.1.1 Governance Uthukela District Municipality was one of 17 municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal affected by political instability. The Provincial Report lists a number of causes of political instability including: the lack of understanding and adherence to the roles and responsibilities of political office bearers, interference in council matters from the regional and provincial political structures, a lack of deliberations on matters in council, domination of some councils by politically powerful administrations, power struggles between political office bearers from same party and a lack of communication and public participation frameworks creates environment for uncoordinated interaction with community. Uthukela District Municipality was one of 8 municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal facing serious challenges in the political and administrative interface. According to the Provincial Report the most recorded complaint by stakeholders is the tendency to appoint politically aligned Municipal Managers and Section 57 Managers. Some of the other reasons for a poor relationship between the political and administrative components which negatively affects service delivery are: councillors getting over-ruled by officials; political office bearers interfering in administrative function; lack of strategic direction on service delivery by council due to poor leadership and focus on political rule in council; and staff forced to show political alliance to ensure job security. 4.1.2 Financial Management and Viability Uthukela District Municipality was also one of 30 municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal that were facing serious financial management challenges. The Provincial Report lists some 9 of these concerns, including: poor financial planning, inadequately skilled staff appointed, lack of proper financial controls, poor financial competencies of elected representatives, and unemployment and poverty had a negative effect on credit control and income. There is also a general perception that councils are not transparent when it comes to financial policies and activities and that the reason for this is to hide their corrupt practices from the public. 4.1.3 Service Delivery Twenty municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal, including Uthukela District Municipality, were experiencing serious service delivery challenges. The Provincial Report was of the view that the allocation of powers and functions between the different categories of municipalities is impeding service delivery. This factor, coupled with the lack of adequate funding and objective prioritisation of needs, appear to be the major factors giving rise to service delivery challenges. 5. INFRASTRUCTURE PRIORITIES OF THE MUNICIPAL TURN-AROUND STRATEGY The Uthukela District Municipality identified political contestations as the main cause for the disruption of service delivery in its evaluation of the MTAS issues in the Uthukela family of municipalities. The political dynamics in the district also played a major role in the breakdown in intergovernmental relations, especially between the District Municipality and the Emnambithi Local Municipality. The Uthukela District identified the challenges and actions per municipality in terms of MTAS implementation. Table 4: Infrastructure delivery in terms of the MTAS Challenges INDAKA LM EMNAMBITHI LM IMBABAZANE LM UMTSHEZI LM Municipality is rural and has limited capacity The municipality sometimes provides water which is a district function and hence faces audit query issues. Political contestations prevail on service delivery. Political contestations on service delivery The whole municipality is characterized by lack of services There are political manifestations in the delivery of services. MTAS Municipal The Municipality Actions should The Municipality has a focused 10 Water is the District function; The Council is not specific on implement the strategy with all stakeholders as indicated including COGTA; Energy, Eskom and WA MTAS which has to be implemented as such. however, the strategy does not indicate how the District Municipality will be engaged to facilitate delivery. how and on which problem areas the District Municipality will be engaged on water delivery The Municipality does not indicate how the issues of refuse removal and access roads will be addressed. 6. MIG PROJECTS)5 Table 6: MIG projects Municipality Project name Okhahlamab a LM Kwaxaba Road Ward 4 Langlook Community Centre Mamfefetheni Service Centre Winterton Tarred Roads PMU Moyeni/ Zwelisha RWSS Ph. 4 (Dukuza / Hoffenthal) (AFA) MIS 172338 Roosboom Sanitation Project Phase 2 (AFA) MIS 167203 Jononoskop Sanitation (AFA) MIS 188292 Mcitsheni Sanitation Phase 2 Driefontein Complex Bulk Emnambithi/ Ladysmith LM MIG funds Actual expenditure in the 2010/11 financial year Project status (Registered/design/ tender/constructio n) Project category (e.g. water, sanitation, PMU) R 2,306,613.55 R 111,541.13 Completed R 4,180,000.00 R 4,180,000.00 Completed R 5,586,000.00 R R14,300,000.00 R 5,586,000.00 Completed Road & Stormwater Multi purpose community halls Multi purpose community halls R 1,608,274.28 R 55,203.28 Completed Road & Stormwater Other R56,013,761.00 R 18,149,901.40 Construction Water R11,316,207.00 R 30,086.26 Completed Sanitation R 17,300,960.00 R 5,988,755.00 Construction Sanitation R 18,036,858.00 R 7,758,395.69 Construction Sanitation R126,101,362.00 R 20,457,536.48 Construction Water 5 According to the June 2011 monthly non-financial report on Municipal Infrastructure Grant, KwZulu-Natal has not adopted the new format of reporting on MIG projects. As a result, it becomes a challenge to track the implementation of MIG projects in that province. 11 Indaka LM Umtshezi LM Water Supply Pedestrian/ Vehicular Bridge Steadville to Ndomba Cemetery Pedestrian Bridge Ezakheni to Esidakeni Pedestrian Bridge Watersmeet to Burford Ezakheni Surfaced Roads and Stormwater Construction of Emahhukwini Community Hall Peacetown Taxi Rank Establishment of a New Landfill Site Vehicular Bridge Baldaskraal to Lucitania Construction of Ezakheni Sports Complex Mbondwane Road Cwebelele Road Ilenge Road Phase 3 Emachibini Road Waaihoek Road Phase 1 Mgejakazi Road Phase 2 Inkinga Road Phase 2 Ezihlabathini Road Phase 1 Limehill Access Phase 2 Ilenge Road Phase 4 Nazareth Sanitation Phase 2 Fitty Park Umhlumayo Extensions Kwahlathi Sanitation (AFA) MIS 167210 Intabamnyama Gravel Road Ingavusa Gravel Road (AFA) MIS 177090 Ncujana gravel road Mimosadale Gravel Road – R 4,774,000.00 R 183,483.17 Construction Road & Stormwater R 1,600,000.00 R 1,205.98 Design & Tender Road & Stormwater R 1,600,000.00 R 1,205.98 Design & Tender Road & Stormwater R 50,000,000.00 R 18,526,530.94 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,000,000.00 R 66,959.14 Construction Multi purpose community halls R 2,239,850.21 R 1,793.51 Design & Tender R 16,479,865.73 R 814,102.50 Design & Tender Taxi Ranks Solid waste disposal site R 1,412,405.28 R 96,816.55 Registered Road & Stormwater R 21,443,400.00 R 1,100,000.00 R 1,100,000.00 R 1,466,279.40 R 407,216.94 R 85,917.73 Registered Construction Construction Sport Facility Road & Stormwater Road & Stormwater R 880,000.00 R 1,320,000.00 R 27,097.56 R 74,052.12 Construction Construction Road & Stormwater Road & Stormwater R 2,500,000.00 R 2,412,797.86 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,500,000.00 R 2,455,117.02 Registered Road & Stormwater R 2,000,000.00 R 1,965,301.46 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,000,000.00 R 2,000,000.00 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,500,000.00 R 2,237,436.52 Construction Road & Stormwater R 3,300,000.00 R 3,066,262.50 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,225,654.00 R 2,225,366.50 Design & Tender Sanitation R 15,700,000.00 R 4,119,847.40 Registered Water R 15,142,933.00 R 2,334,046.00 Completed Sanitation R 3,621,530.08 R 455,905.90 Construction Road & Stormwater R 1,819,200.00 R 96,458.86 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,250,000.00 R 1,375,432.49 Completed Road & Stormwater R 2,775,000.00 R 78,523.30 Construction Road & Stormwater 12 Imbabazane LM Rehabilitation Colita Gravel Road – Rehabilitation (AFA) MIS 182353 Cornfields Clinic Access Road (AFA) MIS 184583 Wembezi DSection Gravel Road – Rehabilitation (AFA) MIS 184627 Frere Creche Ward 6 Mhlumba Creche Mahashini Creche Ward 2 Mshayazafe Community Hall Brynmbella Gravel Access Road Rehabilitation Nkaseni Gravel Access Road Rehabilitation Esiphetwini Gravel Roads Rehabilitation Gomba gravel access road – Rehabilitation Mzobotsheni Gravel Road Rehabilitation Chieveley Gravel Road Rehabilitation (Ward 6) Ganahoek Gravel Road Rehabilitation (Ward 5) Imbabazane LM Ward 12 Sanitation Project BhekuzuluEpangweni Community Water Supply (AFA) MIS 201661 Nyezane Sanitation Project Silimangamehlo / Emodolobheni Sanitation Project (AFA) MIS 188307 Ntabamhlophe Water Supply Phase 4 to 13 Edashi Sanitation R 2,407,024.10 R 351,794.88 Construction Road & Stormwater R 1,201,130.40 R 220,712.08 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,178,760.98 R 239,410.10 Construction Road & Stormwater R 725,000.00 R 725,000.00 R 75,159.63 R 60,438.24 Design & Tender Design & Tender Child care fac Child care fac R 725,000.00 R 60,438.24 Design & Tender R 2,405,000.00 R 132,000.00 Design & Tender Child care fac Multi purpose community halls R 3,375,000.00 R 1,253,374.08 Construction Road & Stormwater R 1,377,000.00 R 961,405.27 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,030,400.00 R 157,477.32 Registered Road & Stormwater R 2,142,000.00 R 1,466,791.72 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,907,000.00 R 476,670.16 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,180,000.00 R 433,434.36 Construction Road & Stormwater R 5,250,000.00 R 843,131.21 Construction Road & Stormwater R 22,150,856.00 R 617,400.00 Registered Sanitation R239,235,494.74 R 930,000.00 Design & Tender Water R 4,267,859.00 R 4,190,971.50 Design & Tender Sanitation R 12,088,177.00 R 3,927,298.00 Construction Sanitation R 70,891,154.00 R 10,016,516.00 R 30,549,651.41 R 425,834.53 Construction Completed Water Sanitation 13 Project Phase 2 (AFA) MIS 167200 Emahlutshini Sanitation Phase 2 (AFA1) MIS 167221 KwaDlamini Sanitation Project Phase 2 (AFA1) MIS 167212 KwaMkhize Sanitation Project Phase 2 (AFA) MIS 167214 Community Hall Ward 10 Mahlubi-Mangwe Gravel Road Thamela Gravel Road Mbhaza Gravel Road Pedestrian Bridge Sobabile/ GoodhomeNtabamhlope Pedestrian Bridge Lomode/ Loskop Pedestrian Bridge - Silimangamehlo/ Ngodini - Loskop Injeza Low Water Pedestrian Bridge Ward 8 Jikeleza Gravel Road Zakwe Access Gravel Road Rehabilitation Ward 3 Msimango Access Gravel Road Rehabilitation Ward 5 Scelukwedlula Gravel Road Rehabilitation Ward 8 Ngunjini / Dabe Low Water Pedestrian Bridge Ward 9 and 10 Emadabeni / Mpolombeni Low Water Pedestrian Bridge Ward 9 De Klerk Clinic Low Water Pedestrian Bridge Ward 4 and 5 Source: All MIG projects, June 2011 R 9,977,616.00 R 27,339.00 Completed Sanitation R 3,344,318.00 R 4,806.89 Completed Sanitation R 2,454,326.00 R 421,818.03 Completed R 1,665,470.00 R 71,933.97 Construction Sanitation Multi purpose community halls R 4,500,000.00 R 89,151.39 Construction Road & Stormwater R 4,500,000.00 R 75,163.51 Construction Road & Stormwater R 1,125,000.00 R 42,948.72 Construction Road & Stormwater R 800,000.00 R 789,842.90 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,000,000.00 R 910,440.62 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,000,000.00 R 915,658.83 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,400,300.00 R 2,376,561.48 Construction Road & Stormwater R 1,875,000.00 R 1,008,540.82 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,625,000.00 R 1,741,478.03 Registered Road & Stormwater R 3,375,000.00 R 2,145,273.75 Registered Road & Stormwater R 4,500,000.00 R 2,611,719.94 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,000,000.00 R 827,820.30 Construction Road & Stormwater R 2,400,300.00 R 794,983.79 Construction Road & Stormwater R 907,000.00 R 438,381.24 Construction Road & Stormwater 14 The June 2011 non-financial report on MIG states that Uthukela district and its locals did not submit their MIG reports for the month of June. In Emnambith/Ladysmith, Umtshezi and Imbabazane most MIG projects are about roads and stormwater. The aforementioned municipalities have most of their projects at a construction stage. In the case of Okhahlamba there are already a number of projects that have been completed. 7. VULNERABILITY CLASSIFICATION The DCoG Municipal Spatial Classification System was designed to develop municipal profiles according to spatial location, based upon results from indicator sets on functionality, socio-economic profile and backlog status. Its purpose is to inform a differentiated approach to municipalities. The four municipal classifications developed by DCoG are: Class 1: Most vulnerable (57 local municipalities) Class 2: Second most vulnerable (58 local municipalities) Class 3: Second highest performing (58 local municipalities) Class 4: Highest performing (58 local municipalities) The five local municipalities in the Uthukela District can be classified as follow: Table 6: Vulnerability Classification Local Municipality EmnambithiLadysmith Imbabazane Indaka Okhahlamba Umtshezi Classification Second highest performing Most vulnerable Most vulnerable Most vulnerable Second highest performing From this table it is evident that three of the five local municipalities in the Uthukela District fall into the most vulnerable category. 15