BCLN Science 6 - Rev. Sept/2015
Using a pencil, complete the following notes as you work through the related lessons. Show ALL work as is explained in the lessons. You are required to have this package completed BEFORE you write your unit test. Do your best and ask questions if you don’t understand anything!
1.
Give some examples of mixtures found in nature.
1.
What are two properties of mixtures?
1.
What is a heterogeneous mixture? Give an example.
1.
What is a Homogenous mixture or solution?
2.
What parts make up a homogenous solution?
3.
What are the different states that solution can exist in?

BCLN Science 6 - Rev. Sept/2015
1.
Why do we need to separate mixtures?
2.
What is a process?
1.
Give three different examples of filtration being used in our everyday lives.
2.
What is a suspension mixture?
3.
What can filters be made of?
4.
What is the newly filtered material called? The waste?
1.
What is distillation and how does it work?

BCLN Science 6 - Rev. Sept/2015
1.
When is a centrifuge used?
2.
What is a centrifuge and how does it work?
3.
What are some examples of what a centrifuge is used for?
1.
Why do industries separate mixtures?
1.
Why is the wheat separation industry so important? What impurities need to be separated out before it can be used?
2.
What are the three processes used for separating out the impurities in wheat?
3.
What 3 parts is the wheat separated into before it is used?

BCLN Science 6 - Rev. Sept/2015
1.
How is petroleum important in our everyday lives? List 3 examples of how petroleum is used.
2.
How is petroleum refined? List the 3 steps used to separate the different substances found in petroleum.
3.
What are some of the products that are distilled from pure petroleum? Use the diagram to find the information.

BCLN Science 6 - Rev. Sept/2015
Heterogeneous and Homogenous Mixtures Answers:
1.
Some examples of mixtures found in nature are rocks, water, the oxygen we breathe.
What is a Mixture Answers?
2.
A mixture is anything you combine together. They are physical combination of ingredients, the original ingredients do not change. .
Heterogeneous Answers:
1.
A heterogeneous mixture is the substances are not evenly distributed (chocolate chip cookies, pizza, rocks).
Homogenous Answers:
1.
A homogenous mixture or solution is a mixture where one of the substances completely dissolves in the other.
A solution is two substances that will be combined .
2.
The parts that make up a homogenous mixture are a solute and a solvent. The solute is the dissolved and the solvent does the dissolving.
3.
Solutions can exist as solid, liquid, or gas.
Why We Separate Mixtures Answers:
1.
In most cases, a mixture was separated so we could use it properly. Even in nature, most elements and compounds (mixtures) do not come in their pure for but a mixture of different substances.
2.
When mixtures are separated it is called a process.
Filtration Answers:
1.
We use them in our houses to filter (remove) the dust and dust mites in our air systems and when we vacuum.
Even the water we drink is filtered to remove impurities. Our kidneys act as a filtration system in our bodies to remove the toxins (poisons) from our blood.
2.
A suspension mixture where small solid particles are mixed with liquid or air.
3.
Filters can be made from sand, gravel, coal, or granular activated carbon (charcoal).
4.
The newly filtered substance is called the filtrate. The waste is called residue.
Distillation Answers:
1.
Distillation uses boiling to separate mixtures of liquid solutions. The substances in the mixtures will have different boiling points the temperature that it takes for a liquid to boil. When the liquid boils, it evaporates and condenses. This separates the mixtures.
Centrifuge Answers:
1.
Suspension mixtures have particles that are too small to filter.
2.
A centrifuge is a mechanical device that spins at extremely high speeds. It is like a very fast spin dryer. These high speeds cause the solid particles in suspension mixtures to settle (separate) very quickly.
3.
Some examples of how centrifuges are used include separating blood into plasma and red cells, separating cream from milk, and separating uranium isotopes for nuclear power plants.
Industrial Separation of Mixtures Answers:
1.
Many industries separate mixtures to produce pure products for use to use in our daily lives.
The Flour Industry Answers:
1.
When wheat grains arrive at a flour mill it may be mixed with many other substances like dust, sand, metal splinters, or even parts of other plants. The wheat grains must be separated from the rest of these impurities.
2.
Sieving out impurities, extracting out lighter impurities with a vacuum, separating out metal impurities.
3.
The wheat grain is then ground and separated into its three main parts; the endosperm (flour), bran, and wheat germ.
Separation of Crude Oil Answer:
1.
Many products are made from petroleum, including plastics, asphalt, many medicines, synthetic fibers, and even fertilizers. Most fuels that power cars, trucks, trains, and airplanes also come from petroleum.
2.
Crude oil is refined using fractional distillation. The first step is heating the crude oil which causes the substances to evaporate. The second step is when the hot gases rise thought the column. The third step is when the gases cool different temperatures and they separate into their different substances.
3.
Some of the products are gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel, bitumen.