Chapter Summaries:
Chapter 9: Habitats, environment and survival
Remember that this is just a guide. Also use ‘quick check’, ‘key ideas’ and ‘key words’ as guides.
Page
257-258
258-260
260-263
263-267
267-270
270- 278
Title
Giant monsters of the deep
Habitat: where an organism lives
Range: the distribution of habitats
Technology as a tool in biology
Who lives in a habitat
Environment: what’s it like there?
278-282
The Australian environment
283- 288
Surviving the Australian
environment
Australian Fauna: what survives
where?
289- 291
Summary/ key ideas
Read only
Medium (habitat V microhabitat)
Medium (range V distribution)
Read and choose 2 techniques to summarise
Long- be very clear on the term ‘niche’
Long-Differences between aquatic (fresh and marine
and terrestrial environments).
-micro-environments (how is temperature and
humidity different in shelters?)
-tolerance range
-limiting factors
Long-what climatic trends do we see?
-how does La nina/ El nino affect climate?
- how do soil trends affect habitat types?
Med-Long: what adaptations/ plant types do we
see in arid environments?
Med-Long: adaptations to survive arid
environments
Glossary:
Biotic
Closed forest
Abiotic
Open forest
Adaptation
Hummock grassland
Niche
Ephemeral
Niche overlap
Qualitative
Migration
Quantitative
La Nina
Photic zone
El nino
Distribution
Range
Terrestrial
Limiting factor
Aquatic
Stomata
Arboreal
Water tapper
Marine
Micro habitat
Fossorial
Micro-environment
Herbivorous
Leaching
Frugivorous
Desiccation
Carnivorous
Diapause
Insectivorous
Dormancy
Omnivorous
Competition
Diurnal
Stomata
Nocturnal
Filter feeder
Crepuscular
Chapter 10: Physiological adaptations for survival
Page no.
298-299
Title
Water balance in the tarrkawarra
299-301
External and internal environments
301- 308
Nerves and hormones: detecting and responding to
change
309
310-313
Detecting temperature change
Maintaining core temperature
313-317
Behavioural activities
317-320
Animals surviving on land
321-322
Animals surviving in water
322-325
Plant responses to temperature change
325- 330
Water balance in living organisms
330-335
Water balance in plants
Summary/ main concepts
Med.- You should be able to
read about any species and
break down their adaptations
in this way
Med- Homeostasis is a major
concept to understand in this
unit
Long: I expect that you
supplement this with material
covered in class.
Learn the systems . Label a
nerve cell (fig. 10.5). how are
touch receptors distributed?
How does nervous system and
endocrine system work
together?
Negative feedback systems
Long
Long- conduction, convection,
radiation, evaporation
-ways of gaining and loosing
heat
-negative feedback system
Long:
-Ectothermic V endothermic
-SA:V
-predict animal size in different
environments
Med- adaptations for hot/ cold
environments
Med- adaptations of marine
animals for cold (include zoo
info here)
MedAdaptations of plant/ leaf
shape, stomata, root system,
transpiration, movement
Long- include work from in
class here- negative feedback of
endocrine system, kidney
function, comparison between
types of organisms
Long- main concepts are
transpiration and adaptations
to reduce transpiration (leaf
orientation, sunken stomata)
Glossary:
Radiation
Renin
Metabolism
Convection
Vasopressin
Homeostasis
Conduction
Aldosterone
Reflex arc
Evaporation
Hypothalamus
Dendrite
Transpiration
Neuron
Axon
Hormone
Effector
Myelin sheath
Endocrine system
Affector
Synapse
Nervous system
Motor neuron
Neurotransmitter
Negative feedback system
Sensory neuron
Metabolic water
Loop of Henley
Counter current system
Free water
Piloerection
Insulating layer
Osmosis
SA:V
Structural adaptation
Active transport
Vasodilation
Behavioural adaptation
Cuticle
Vasoconstriction
Physiological adaptation
Stomata
Endotherm
Urea
Guard cell
Ectotherm
Uric acid
Olfactory
Cloaca
Ammonia
Auditory
Salt gland
Pituitary gland
Chapter 11: Behaviours for survival
Page
342
Title
Welcome to my bower
342-362
Behaviour in animals
- Innate v learned
362-367
-
Rhythmic behaviour
-
Communication
-
Learned behaviours
Plant behaviour
Summary/key concepts
Short- you should be able to
summarise behaviour for other
organisms in this way
Long
Med- must be able to identify
when given an example
Why are behaviours rhythmic?
Why do animals migrate?
How can animals migrate?
What are the components of
communication?
What does communication
achieve?
How do things communicate?visual, auditory, touch,
olfactory
Understand social
communication- competition,
cooperation, organisation,
Long- be able to identify 4
main types
Long- make sure you
understand plant tropisms!!!!
And Rhythmic behaviour!!!!!
Glossary:
Tropism
Classical conditioning
Geotropism
Operant conditioning
Phototropism
Play behaviour
Thigmotropism
Innate behaviour
Auxin
Learned behaviour
Heliotropism
Competition
Phototracking
Intraspecific competition
Nastic movement
Interspecific competition
Circadian rhythm
Territorial behaviour
Photoperiod
Hierarchy
Short day plant
Courtship behaviour
Long day plant
Caste system
Day neutral plant
Pheromones
Leaf orientation
Echolocation
Imprinting
Stimulus
Insight
Sender
Habituation
Receiver
Comditioning
Migration
NOTE: See 11.4 for a list of behaviour types and learn these!!!!!!
Chapter 12: Reproductive strategies for survival
Page
374-376
377
377-381
Title
Sex at sea
A range of reproductive strategies
Mating systems
381- 383
Offspring: How many? How often?
383-387
Eggs or liveborn young?
388-390
Parental care or not
391-393
Reproductive strategies: Australian marsupials
393-395
How often do matings occur?
Patterns and times of breeding
395-400
Plant reproduction
Summary/Main concepts
MedLong- learn all of this!!!
Med-long
-different systems
- how do they in reproductive
success?
Med-long
- Different strategies
- Hoe do they lead to
reproductive success?
Med-what are the strategies?
-how do they lead to
reproductive success?
Med- What are the
strategies?
- How do they lead to
reproductive success?
MedApply what you have read so
far here
MedHow do other reproductive
strategies apply here?
Med- What strategies are
used?
- How is reproductive
success increased?
- Which are R/K
selected?
Glossary:
Broadcast spawning
Parental investment
Zooplankton
Extra pair copulation
Asexual
Lekking
Sexual
Fecundity
Hermaphrodite
Sperm competition
Parthenogenesis
Mate guarding
External/ internal fertilisation
Copulation
Monogamy
Amniote eggs
Polygamy
Placenta
Polyandry
Plancental mammal
Promiscuity
Marsupial
r-selection
Oestrous cycle
K-selection
Pollination
Oviparity
Vectors
Viviparity
Dispersal