S. No. Gene title
Category
Biological /Molecular
Function
Response during infection
Hydrolase activity, acting
on carbon-nitrogen (but
not peptide) bonds, in
linear amidines
Auxin mediated signaling
pathway.
Overexpression makes plant less
susceptible to infection
1
Arginase 1
D
2
Auxin response
factor 2
D
3
Calmodulin
D
Calcium ion binding
4
D
Oxido-reductase activity
5
Carotenoid
cleavage
dioxygenase 1-1
Catalase
D
Oxido-reductase activity.
In response to oxidative
stress
6
Chitinase
D
Polysaccharide catabolic
process
7
Cytosolic ascorbate
peroxidase 2
D
Response to oxidative
stress
Inhibited by SA
8
Dad1 protein
D
Apoptosis
Dad (defender against apoptotic death).
Suppressor of PCD. Initiates JA synthesis.
9
Dehydro ascorbate D
ereductase (DHAR)
Oxidoreductase activity
10
DNA J-like protein
D
Heat shock protein
binding
11
Ethylene receptor
D
Negative regulator of
ethylene response.
Helps in removing removing reactive
oxygen species (ROS) generated during
primary host defense response
An important factor for susceptibility of
plant to infection. Regulates hsp-70
activity.
More ethylene leads more defense. It
negatively regulates this response.
Regulates leaf patterning and
development. Suppressor of leaf
senescence.
Involved in UPR. Over expressed during
infection to regulate cellular cytotoxicity
which otherwise will lead to PCD
Helps in generation of defense related
compounds
Increases during infection. Removes H2O2
as it is formed during abiotic stress.
Decreased catalase helps in building
infection
A known PR protein. Induction of this
gene is ethylene/JA regulated.
D
Response to stress
Late responsive gene during infection
13
ethyleneresponsive heat
shock protein
cognate 70
Expansin
D
Cell wall organisation
14
IAA10 protein
D
Auxin mediated signaling
pathway
15
IAA 3
D
auxin mediated signaling
pathway
Induced by auxin during infection. It
caused expansion of cell wall which in
turn promotes disease development
Increase during defense in response to
respiratory burst. It leads to the
production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2),
superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.
Negative regulator of auxin signaling
16
IAA 6
D
auxin mediated signaling
pathway
Induced by IAA3
17
IAA 9
D
auxin mediated signaling
pathway
Down-regulted during infection
18
IAA1 protein
D
Auxin mediated signaling
pathway
---
19
D
Found only in chloroplast.
Catalyzes the dismutation
of O2- to H2O2and O2.
Regulation of
transcription
It decreases cell reactive oxygen species
and hence enhances stress resistance
20
Iron
superoxidedismutas
e
Jasmonic acid 3
21
LeTIP protein
D
Transporter across
membrane
Expression increased in biotic stress
22
Pathogenesis
related protein P4
D
Induced during stress
Increased PR level leads to increased
resistance
23
Peroxidase
D
Oxido-reductase activity
In response to oxidative stress. Has role in
primary defense response
12
D
JA signalling plays a central role in plant
defense
24
PR protein
D
Induced during stress
Induction only in necrosis. Leads to
resistance if PR is accumulated in plants
25
Pti 5
D
Tomato transcriptional
factor
Activates defense response
26
Pti 6
D
Tomato transcriptional
factor
Activates defense response
27
Ripening-related
ACC synthase 2
D
Pathogen infection increases ACC
synthase
28
wound-induced
proteinase inhibitor
II prepeptide
2-oxoglutarate
dependent
dioxygenase analog
D
Involved in ethylene
biosynthesis process.
Ripening.
Inactivates peptidases
E
Oxido-reductase activity.
30
Aldehyde oxidase
E
Oxido-reductase.
31
Allene oxide
synthase (AOS)
E
Mono-oxygenase activity
32
Ascorbate
peroxidase (APX)
E
33
MAP kinase
E
Response to oxidative
stress. oxido-reductase
activity
Protein phosphorylation.
34
MAP kinase 3
E
Innate immunity
29
Protease inhibitors increase during
infection. Induced by methyjasmonate in
response to stress
Helps in growth of the pathogen. It might
also alter flavonoids metabolism.
Involved in important pathways which
lead to the synthesis of defense related
secondary metabolites. Induces cell death
network
Helps in production of Absissic acid in
plants which in turn is a negative
regulator of SA pathways. Increased ABA
makes plant susceptible to infection.
Induced by IAA. Helps in disease
development
It scavenges H2O2 which is produced in
response to stress. APX is inhibited by
SA.
If host-pathogen interaction is
incompatible- it leads to increase MAPK
which leads to PCD
Down regulation helps in virus
establishment
nine-cisepoxycarotenoiddioxygenase
SNF1 kinase
complex anchoring
protein
SNF1-related
protein kinase
E
Oxidoreductase activity
E
Kinase activity
E
Protein phosphorylation
Regulates stress responsive genes in rice
38
Ehylene responsive
factor 2 (ERF2)
P
Activated in response to stress.
39
60S ribosomal
protein L10
R
Found only in chloroplast.
Act in last step of ethylene
sinalling pathway
Structural component of
ribosome. Translation.
40
bZIP transcription
factor
R
DNA dependent
regulation of transcription.
41
EF1 alpha
R
Translation elongation
factor (EF) activity
42
Ethylene
responsive factor 1
R
DNA dependent
transcription of genes
43
Histone H1
R
Nucleosome activity
44
Histone H3
R
Nucleosome activity
May to avoid viral genome compaction
and hence favoring transcription
45
Histone H4
R
Nucleosome assembly
May to avoid viral genome compaction
and hence favoring transcription
46
NAC domain
protein
R
Regulation of
transcription.
Functions in plant development and
defense. NAC domain proteins interacts
with geminivirus replication enhancer and
aids its replication. Regulated by miR164
35
36
37
Important regulatory component in
abscisic acid biosynthesis during abiotic
stress
Has central role in plant glucose mediated
stress signaling
Regulated by pti4, this activates the
expression of defense related genes.
Expression decreases upon infection.
Induces UPR (unfolded protein response)
related genes to reduce ER stress during
infection.
Regulator of ER stress induced apoptosis
Increases in response to JA. Activates the
expression of several defense related
genes.
May to avoid viral genome compaction
and hence favoring transcription
47
Proteinase inhibitor
II
R
Serine-type endopeptidase
inhibitor activity
Induced by methyl-jasmonate in response
to stress
48
SGS3-like protein
R
Found in perinuclear
region of cytoplasm. Gene
silencing by RNA.
Gene silencing
49
EIX receptor 1
R
Receptor activity
50
class II small heat
shock protein LeHSP17.6
Fruit ripening
protein
D
Up-regulated during
infection
Receptor in plant innate immunity p53
signaling pathway-PCD serine threonine
kinase receptor
Regulates immune response
D
In response to stress
Ethylene responsive
52
Heat shock protein
D
Regulates immune
response
Elevated during infection as primary
immune response
53
phosphoenolpyruv
ate carboxylase
kinase
E
An important enzyme for
C3 cycle
Increses during infection. It recaptures
respired CO2 for C3 cycle maintenance
51
D = Defense/Phytohormone, E = Energy Related, P = Photosynthesis, R = Regulatory Gene