26 What does the elastic rebound theory describe?
a. The build-up and release of stress during an earthquake
b. The fluctuations in groundwater prior to an earthquake
c. The formation of mountain ranges by successive earthquakes
d. The strength of an earthquake
27What is the feature labeled “B” in the diagram above?
a.
b.
c.
d.
The epicenter
The fault scarp
The focus
The dip
28. What is the feature labeled “A” in the diagram above?
a. The epicenter
b. The fault scarp
c. The focus
d. The dip
29. Which of the following types of seismic waves arrives at the seismograph first?
a. P waves
b. S waves
c. Surface waves
d. All of these waves arrive at the same time
30. What type of seismic waves are S Waves?
a. Surface waves
b. Shear waves
c. Compressional waves
d. Tsunami
31. Who developed the procedure used to measure the size of an earthquake?
a. Charles Richter
b. James Hutton
c. Charles Darwin
d. Henri Darcy
32. The ground motion during a Richter magnitude 8 earthquake is _______times larger than the
ground motion during a Richter magnitude 6 earthquake.
a. 2
b. 10
c. 100
d. 1000
e.
33. How many seismograph stations are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4 or more
34. Which of the following states is true?
a. As the distance to an earthquake increases, the elapsed time before the P-waves arrive
decreases
b. As the distance to an earthquakes increases, the elapsed time before the S-waves arrive
increases
c. As the distance to an earthquake increases, the elapsed time between the arrival of the Pand S-waves increases
d. As the distance to an earthquake increases, the ground shaking increases
35. Which of the following statements about earthquakes is true?
a. Most earthquakes occur in “intraplate” settings
b. The time and location of most major earthquakes can be predicted several days in
advance
c. Earthquakes can be caused by normal, reverse, and strike-slip faulting
d. S- waves travel faster than both P-waves and Surface waves
36. Which of the sequences correctly lists the different arrivals from first to last?
a. P waves…..S waves….Surface waves
b. Surface waves….P waves…. S waves
c. P waves….Surface waves….S waves
d. S waves….P waves….Surface waves
37. Body waves consist of the following:
a. P waves only
b. S waves only
c. P and S waves
d. Surface waves
38. With increasing travel time the difference in arrival times between the P and S waves _______
a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Stays constant
d. None of the above
39. In general, the most destructive earthquake waves are the ___________
a. P waves
b. S waves
c. Surface waves
d. Body waves
40. What causes the up-and-down wiggles on the seismogram shown above?
a. Variations in air pressure
b. Ground vibrations
c. Tsunami waves
d. Electromagnetic pulses
41. Which set of waves are probably the surface waves?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. They are ALL surface waves
42. Which set of waves are the P-waves?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. They are ALL P-waves
43. Which set of waves are the S-waves?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. They are ALL S-waves
44. The difference in arrival times between which pair of waves can be used to determine the
distance to the epicenter?
a. A and C
b. A and B
c. None of the above
45. How do rock particles move during the passage of a P-wave through the rock?
a. Back and forth parallel to the direction of wave travel
b. Perpendicular to the direction of wave travel
c. In a rolling elliptical motion
d. In a rolling circular motion
46. How doe rock particles move during the passage of an S-wave through the rock?
a. Back and forth parallel to the direction of wave travel
b. Perpendicular to the direction of wave travel
c. In a rolling elliptical motion
d. In a rolling circular motion
47. Which of the following can be triggered by an earthquake?
a. Tsunami
b. Intense ground shaking
c. A landslide
d. All of these
48. Which of the following statements is false?
a. Most earthquakes occur at plate boundaries
b. The time and location of most major earthquakes can be predicted several days in advance
c. Earthquakes can be caused by normal, reverse, and strike-slip faulting
d. P- waves travel faster than both S-waves and Surface waves
EARTHQUAKE ASSESSMENT
Name: ____________________________________
Date: ____________
Class: _________
Directions: Choose the most correct answer and write the correct letter on the corresponding blank.
1. ____________
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3. ____________
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24. ____________
11. ____________
35. ____________
12. ____________
36. ____________
13. ____________
37. ____________
14. ___________
38. ____________
15. ___________
39. ____________
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40. ____________
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46. ____________
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47. ____________
24._____________
48. ____________
The diagram below is a model of Earth’s Interior similar to the jar, candle & wood blocks you used in
class.
49. Draw 2 convection cells on the diagram and use arrows to show the movement of fluid in the jar.
50. Label the following on the diagram:
Core
Mantle
Crust
Divergent Boundary (spreading ridge)
Trench
51. There are limits to what a scientific model can show. Think about the limitations of this model.
Which of the following cannot be easily seen using this model?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Convection cells in the mantle
Plate movement of the crust
Evidence of Heat transfer from the core to the mantle
Movement of mantle material
52. Why does heat from the earth’s core move to the mantle?
A. Heat energy always moves downward
B. Heat energy always moves upward
C. Heat moves from cooler to warmer objects
D. Heat moves from warmer to cooler object.
53. How does uneven heating of the mantle cause convection currents? Use a labeled diagram and
the following words to explain.
Heat transfer
Less Dense
Heating
Cooling
Convection
More Dense