Name: _________________
Period: __________
Fever 1793 Background Research
(24 points)
Part I: Background Notes for Fever 1793 from Christina Stone
Please fill in the blanks using the Appendix from pages 244 to 251 in Fever 1793.
(1 point for each section)
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Did the epidemic really happen?
The epidemic of yellow fever started in ____________________.
In __________ months, yellow fever killed _______ percent of
Philadelphia’s population or nearly _____________ people.
Thousands of people ___________ the city to escape the disease.
Battle of the Doctors
 Both the __________________ and the _________________ had not
been invented for doctors to use at this time.
 At the start of the yellow fever epidemic about ________ doctors were
practicing medicine in Philadelphia. Not all of them were properly trained.
 Some people followed Dr. _____________. He gave people mercury,
calomel, and jalap to make people throw up, hoping to rid their body of
disease. He also drained___________ from people’s bodies to rid them of
the disease. Many people think that his methods actually
_________________ many of his patients.
 Other people believed the ______________ doctors knew how to treat
yellow fever. They prescribed rest, fresh air, and lots of fluids. That was
and still is the __________ way to treat yellow fever.
Take Two Sponges and Call Me in the Morning
 In a desperate move to cure a disease they knew little about, people would
soak sponges in____________ and stick them up their noses. They also
used _______________ to wash their hair and clothes. Several even drank
it. People hoped this strong liquid would kill all the germs from yellow fever.
 _____________ and _____________ were shot in the streets in hopes of
clearing the air of disease.
 Beds were ______________________and then dug up in an effort to kill
the disease.
 None of these methods worked. People kept getting sick until the
_______________ killed off the ________________ that spread yellow
fever.
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Where are they buried?
Some people are buried in churchyards and cemeteries, but most lie
buried________________ in Washington’s Square.
The Balloon
 The first hot air balloon was launched in ___________________from the
_____________________ in the city of Philadelphia.
 Everyone in the city stopped what they were doing to watch. The wind blew
the balloon___________ miles, making this a very successful scientific
experiment.
The Amazing Peale Family
 The Peale family was a real family, although Nathaniel Benson is a fictional
character. The family was known as “__________________
___________________.”
 Peale not only had an interest in art; he opened the first
____________________________museum in his home in the 1780s.
 The two famous explorers, ____________and _________________
donated many items from their journey to Mr. Peale.
Free African Society
 The Free African Society was founded in ______ by _____________
and ________________, who were both born as slaves.
 The Free African Society was a mutual aid organization devoted to helping,
__________, ____________ or ___________ African Americans.
 It was also dedicated to abolishing _____________________.
 During the yellow fever, members of the Free African Society worked to
care for all fever victims. After all the charitable work the Free African
Society did during the epidemic, they were attacked in a
_____________________ written by _________________. He accused
them of overcharging for burials and stealing from the sick.
 All the accusations were _______________.
Coffeehouses
 Coffeehouses were very popular in this time period. People gathered in them
to__________________, ________________, and
_____________________________.
 Owning and running a coffeehouse was a _________________ business for
a widow.
 The most famous coffeehouse in Philadelphia was called the
____________________.Several important figures of the time met here
frequently.
The French Influence
 The French sent money and aid to help the Americans in the
_______________________.
 By 1793 the French had several problems of their own. America remained
_______________, but many Americans supported the French.
 During the epidemic the ______________ doctors had the most effective
treatments.
Famous People Touched by the Fever (list each name and give a few details
of each)
• ____________________________:
• ____________________________:
• ____________________________:
• ____________________________:
To Market, To Market
 There were no _______________ or _______________to keep food cool
during this time, so most people bought their food at the
____________________.
 _________________ would pack their wagons with food and drive into
Philadelphia. During the yellow fever epidemic, farmers were afraid to come
into the city, so getting enough ____________ during the epidemic was a
problem.
 Other cities imposed _________________ on the people from Philadelphia.
The Miraculous Moving Capital
 ____________________ was not the first capital of the country. The
capital moved several times before settling there.
 The Continental Congress met for the first time in ___________. It was
the largest city and centrally located.
 After the government signed a Peace Treaty with the British, the capital
was in ____________.
 There was much debate about moving the capital, and finally the government
decided to settle on the _______________River, which was accessible to
many people.
 The government carved out pieces of ________________ and
________________ so that the capital would not be in just one state,
making it unfair.
 _____________________ was the temporary home for the capital until
the capital moved to what is currently Washington DC in 1800.
Fear and Panic
 There had been fevers in Philadelphia before, so most people were
__________ when the fevers first began. As the death toll rose, people
began to ________________.
 The fever closed business and government. Men in handcarts heading to the
burial ground yelled out “_____________________.”
 Although it is hard to imagine, many sick people were
_________________by their families and thrown into the _______.
 The brave people who stayed to help were from the ______________,
those who worked at ________________, and members of the
____________. They are the real heroes of this time.
Yellow Fever Today
 Yellow fever still exists, but not in the _____________________.
 Dr. Walter Reed discovered that ____________________ spread the
disease.
 In the 1930s a vaccine was developed, but yellow fever still kills thousands a
year in_______________and parts of ______________.
Part II: Go the Google Site provided by your teacher. Answer the following
questions in complete sentences. (1 point for each question)
1. What is historical fiction?
2. What three elements do authors of historical fiction have to research
carefully to make the book authentic?
3. Who founded Philadelphia and what religion was he practicing? What laws
were made in Philadelphia because of this religion?
4. What was opened in 1799 in the hopes of preventing yellow fever from
returning to Philadelphia?
5. What causes the large infestation of mosquitoes in 1793?
6. What group of people arrived that influenced the development of yellow
fever?
7. What are the symptoms of yellow fever?
8. What ended the epidemic?
9/10. Find TWO more interesting fact that you think you would like to share
with the class!!