SOUTHERN ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY
CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN
Southern Adventist University Policy and Procedures on
Occupational Exposure to
Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories
Regulatory Statute:
29 CFR 1910.1450
January 2010
Prepared by:
Risk Management
P.O. Box 370
Collegedale, TN 37315
Campus Safety: (423) 236-2100
Risk Management: (423) 236-2566/2266
SOUTHERN ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY
CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN
PURPOSE OF THE CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN
Regulatory Standards:
OSHA - 29 CFR 1910.1450
NFPA - 45, Laboratory Fire Protection
Basis: Individuals working in laboratories are routinely exposed to hazardous chemicals such as acetone,
formaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide, mercury and nitric acid. Many accidents and injuries occur annually in
laboratories, resulting in chemical-related illnesses ranging from skin and eye irritation to fatal
pulmonary edema. This plan establishes uniform requirements to ensure that the hazards associated with
work in our laboratories are evaluated, safety procedures implemented, and that the proper hazard
information is transmitted to all affected individuals.
General: Southern Adventist University will ensure that potential hazards within our laboratories are
evaluated. This plan is intended to address comprehensively the issues of: evaluating and identifying
potential hazards, evaluating engineering controls, work practices, administrative controls, medical
management, training, disposal, and establishing appropriate procedures.
Written Program: Southern Adventist University will review and evaluate this plan on an annual basis,
or when the following conditions are met:
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When regulatory changes occur that prompt revision of this plan.
When facility operational changes occur that require a revision of this document.
Anytime there is question concerning the validity of this plan.
Applicability: The Laboratory Standard applies to all authorized individuals engaged in the laboratory
use of hazardous chemicals. Laboratory use of hazardous chemicals is defined as the use or handling of
chemicals in which all of the following conditions are met:
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Chemical work is carried out on a laboratory scale.
Multiple chemical procedures or chemicals are used where the procedures are not part of or
simulating a production process.
Protective laboratory practices and equipment are used.
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CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN
CONTENTS OF THE CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN
1. Program Responsibility
2. Standard Safety Precautions
3. Chemical Inventory
4. Material Safety Data Sheets
5. Chemical Storage
6. Labeling Requirements
7. Engineering Controls
8. Personal Protective Equipment
9. Contaminated Waste Removal/Disposal
10. Administrative Controls
11. Medical Requirements
12. Incident Investigation
13. Training
14. Housekeeping
15. Recordkeeping
16. Procurement of Chemical Materials
17. Additional Safety Requirements
18. Permitting System for Laboratory Activities
19. Chemical Spills, Releases and Accidents
20. References
21. Appendices
Appendix A—Directory
Appendix B—Target Organ List
Appendix C—MSDS Example
Appendix D—DOT Hazard Classification List
Appendix E—EPA Hazard Classification List
Appendix F—Glossary
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SOUTHERN ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY
CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN
CHEMICAL HYGIENE PROGRAM
1. PROGRAM RESPONSIBILITY.
The president has ultimate responsibility for chemical safety at the University and must, with other
administrators, provide continuing support for the University’s Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP).
The Director of Risk Management will act as the University Chemical Hygiene Officer. They are
responsible for all facets of this program and have full authority to make the necessary decisions to
ensure the success of the program. This is the sole person authorized to amend these instructions and is
authorized to halt any operation of the University where there is danger of serious personal injury.
Responsibilities include:
 Developing and maintaining a written Chemical Hygiene Plan
 Coordinating emergency response procedures
 Overseeing training of departmental employees to ensure compliance with safety regulations.
 Working closely with the Departmental Chemical Hygiene Officers to ensure the implementation
of this plan
 Coordinating all other activities that are shown to be necessary to ensure compliance with all
aspects of the standard
All departments engaged in the laboratory use of hazardous chemicals must adopt this plan. These
departments shall appoint a Departmental Chemical Hygiene Officer who will work closely with the
University Chemical Hygiene Officer to facilitate the implementation of this plan. The Departmental
Chemical Hygiene Officer must:
 Work with administrators and other employees to develop and implement appropriate chemical
hygiene policies and practices
 Monitor the procurement, use, and disposal of chemicals in the laboratory
 Help project directors develop precautions and adequate facilities (ex. emergency showers)
 Know the current legal requirements concerning regulated substances
 Seek ways to improve the Chemical Hygiene Plan
 Conduct inspections of eyewash fountains and safety showers
 Conduct periodic inspections of fume hoods
 Certify the performance of protective equipment
 Conduct periodic inspections to look for laboratory hazards
 Maintain necessary records (inspections, yearly chemical inventories, training, etc.)
 Provide necessary training to employees
Supervisors have the overall responsibility to:
 Ensure that workers understand and follow the chemical hygiene rules
 Have working protective equipment available
 Ensure that workers are provided with adequate training.
 Provide regular chemical hygiene and housekeeping inspections including routine inspections of
emergency equipment.
 Know the current legal requirements concerning regulated chemicals
 Determine the need for protective equipment
The laboratory instructor is responsible for:
 Planning and conducting each laboratory operation in accordance with the institutional chemical
hygiene procedures
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SOUTHERN ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY
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CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN
Developing good personal chemical hygiene habits
Ensure that workers know and follow the chemical hygiene rules.
Perform a preliminary inspection of the laboratory area that will be in use for the lab.
Know the current legal requirements concerning regulated substances.
Determine the required levels of protective apparel and equipment for the planned laboratory
experiment.
Ensure that protective equipment is available and in working order, and that appropriate training
has been provided.
Ensure that any new materials ordered for the department are compatible with the laboratory
facility and ensure adequate training for the use of these new materials.
Departments are responsible for the inspection of their exhaust hoods, eyewash stations, and emergency
showers. A copy of the inspection reports must be sent to Risk Management. Campus Safety is
responsible for the inspection of laboratory fire extinguishers. Risk Management shall serve as an
advisory source and create safety policies. Risk Management will maintain copies of training records.
Please refer to Appendix A for department contact information.
2. STANDARD SAFETY PRECAUTIONS. Because few laboratory chemicals are without hazards,
the following general precautions for handling all laboratory chemicals will be adopted by employees to
minimize exposure and operate under the assumption that any mixture of hazardous chemicals is more
toxic than the most toxic component. The following procedures are to be used when working with
chemicals:
Accidents and spills.
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Eye contact: Promptly flush eyes with water for a prolonged period and seek medical
attention.
Ingestion: Encourage the individual to drink large amounts of water, seek medical attention,
and review the chemical’s Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).
Skin contact: Promptly flush the affected area with water and remove any contaminated
clothing; use a safety shower when contact is extensive. If symptoms persist after washing,
seek medical attention.
Clean-up: Promptly clean up spills, using appropriate protective apparel and equipment and
proper disposal.
Avoid unnecessary exposure to chemicals (contamination avoidance).
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Do not smell or taste chemicals. Apparatus that can discharge toxic chemicals (vacuum
pumps, distillation columns, etc.) should be vented into local exhaust devices.
Inspect gloves before use.
Do not allow release of toxic substances in cold rooms and warm rooms, since these have
contained recirculated atmospheres.
Use only those chemicals for which the quality of the available ventilation system is
appropriate.
Avoid eating, drinking, gum chewing, or applying cosmetics or lip balm in areas where
laboratory chemicals are present. Wash hands before conducting these activities.
Avoid storing, handling, or consuming food or beverages in storage areas, refrigerators,
glassware, or utensils that are also used for laboratory operation.
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Handle and store laboratory glassware with care to avoid damage; do not use damaged
glassware. Use extra care with Dewar flasks and other evacuated glass apparatus; shield or
wrap them to contain chemicals and fragments should implosion occur. Use equipment only
for its designed purpose.
Wash areas of exposed skin thoroughly before leaving the laboratory.
Avoid practical jokes or other behavior that might confuse, startle, or distract another
worker.
Do not use mouth suction for pipetting or starting a siphon.
Confine long hair and loose clothing.
Wear shoes at all times in the laboratory, but do not wear sandals or perforated shoes.
Keep the work area clean and uncluttered, with chemicals and equipment properly labeled
and stored; clean up the work area on completion of an operation or at the end of each day.
Ensure that appropriate eye protection, where necessary, is worn by all persons, including
visitors, in areas where chemicals are stored or handled.
Wear appropriate gloves when the potential for contact with toxic materials exists; inspect
the gloves before each use, wash them before removal, and replace them periodically.
Use appropriate respiratory equipment when air contaminant concentrations are not
sufficiently restricted by engineering controls. Inspect the respirator before each use.
Use any other protective and emergency apparel and equipment as appropriate.
Remove laboratory coats immediately upon significant contamination.
Seek information and advice about hazards, plan appropriate protective procedures, and plan
positioning of equipment before beginning any new operation.
Leave lights on, place an appropriate sign on the door, and provide for containment of toxic
substances in the event of failure of a utility service (such as cooling water) in an unattended
operation.
Use a hood for operations that might result in release of toxic chemical vapors or dust. As a
rule of thumb, use a hood or other local ventilation device when working with any
appreciably volatile substance with a Threshold Limit Value (TLV) of less than 50 ppm.
WARNING
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Confirm adequate hood performance before use.
Keep hood closed at all times except when making adjustments.
Keep materials stored in hoods to a minimum.
Do not allow materials to block vents or air flow.
Leave the hood "on" when it is not in active use if toxic substances are stored in
it or if it is uncertain whether adequate general laboratory ventilation will be
maintained when it is "off."
Be aware of unsafe conditions and see that they are corrected when detected.
3. CHEMICAL INVENTORY. Chemical inventory records will be filed and archived by the
University Chemical Hygiene Officer on an annual basis. The Departmental Chemical Hygiene Officer
must keep a copy of the annual chemical inventories. A separate inventory list of carcinogens and
suspected carcinogens will be maintained by the departments in accordance with federal and state
regulations. A sample inventory list for carcinogens can be found in Appendix B.
A chemical inventory will be provided to the following on an annual basis:
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SOUTHERN ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY
Facility Location
Risk Management Department
Biology Department Main Office
Chemistry Department Main Office
CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN
Contact
Crystal Stitzer
Debbie Strack
Sheri Munger
4. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS. Laboratories rely on the chemical manufacturer's
information to ascertain whether or not the chemical is hazardous. Departments must acquire an MSDS
for every laboratory chemical they use. MSDSs will be filed in a notebook in alphabetical order along
with the departmental chemical inventory.
5. CHEMICAL STORAGE. Storage of laboratory chemicals presents an on-going safety problem. The
hazards associated with a specific chemical must be understood, additionally, the reactivity of the
chemical itself must be considered.
General requirements.
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Chemical storage should be kept as small as practical.
Received chemicals will be immediately moved to the designated storage area.
The storage area will be well ventilated and illuminated.
Materials will be segregated by their hazard characteristics, classification, and
compatibility. Refer to the Material Safety Data Sheets of each hazardous material to
identify any incompatible material. Common storage incompatibilities are that
flammable materials must be separated from oxidizers (this includes gases as well as
liquids), and acids and bases must be separated in storage. The storage area will be well
defined and labeled with appropriate markings and labels.
Flammable liquids will be stored in flammable storage cabinets with proper ventilation
according to NFPA standards.
The storage area will be accessible during normal working hours. The storage area is
under the control of department faculty and staff.
Storage of materials at the point of use will be limited to those amounts necessary for an
ongoing lab or experiment. Containers will be properly labeled and of a minimum size to
make them convenient for use. Materials will never be unduly exposed to light or heat.
Periodic inventories of materials outside the storage area will be conducted by the
Departmental Chemical Hygiene Officer. Unneeded items shall be properly discarded or
returned to the storage area.
When materials are transported by hand they will be transported in leak-proof safety
containers. Chemical containers should be sealed during transport.
Mineral acid storage. Mineral acids will be separated from flammable and combustible
materials. Separation is defined by NFPA 49 as storage within the same fire area but separated
by as much space as practicable or by intervening storage from incompatible materials. Acid
resistant trays shall be placed under bottles of mineral acids.
Acid-sensitive materials. Acid sensitive material such as cyanides and sulfides will be separated
from acids or protected from contact with acids.
Compressed gas. Cylinders of compressed gases will be strapped (above the midpoint) or
chained to a wall or bench top and should be capped when not in use. They will be stored on a
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CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN
clean dry surface. No ignition sources will be allowed in the vicinity of flammable compressed
gas cylinders. The area will be maintained free of combustible debris.
DOT and EPA Hazard Classification Lists can be found in Appendices D and E.
6. LABELING REQUIREMENTS. Labels must be affixed to all chemicals containers that are shipped
and used in the workplace. Labels must not be removed or defaced until the chemical is completely
emptied from the container. All chemical containers, regardless of size, must be labeled with the
common chemical name (not abbreviated), percent composition (as applicable) and hazard
information. Containers must be labeled clearly. It is recommended that secondary use containers be
labeled with the substance name, type of hazard, name of laboratory worker who prepared the container
(if mixture), and the date of preparation. Laboratories shall prominently post:
1. Emergency telephone numbers.
2. Location signs for safety showers, eye washes, fire extinguishers, and first aid
equipment.
3. Warning signs at areas or equipment where special or unusual hazards exist.
7. ENGINEERING CONTROLS: The engineering controls installed in this laboratory are intended to
minimize employee exposure to chemical and physical hazards in the workplace. All employees are
responsible for notifying management of deficiencies in the proper operation of such controls. If at any
time, any employee does not understand the operation of an exposure control mechanism he or she
should contact the Departmental Chemical Hygiene Officer without delay. Risk Management is to
receive a copy of all inspection records.
Hoods. Hoods will be utilized for all chemical procedures which might result in release of
hazardous vapors, fumes, or dusts. As a general rule, hoods will be used for all procedures
involving substances which are appreciably volatile and have a permissible exposure limit (PEL)
less than 50 ppm. The hood should have a face velocity of at least 60 linear feet per minute
(fpm) when sash is positioned at 18 inches. It is recommended that fume hoods be equipped with
a flow rate continuous monitoring device.
Fume hoods will be inspected periodically for usage and performance. Manufacturer
recommendations will be followed for operation, inspection frequency and testing procedures. If
performance parameters fall outside specifications, work orders will be initiated to repair the
hood. A “Do Not Use” notice will be placed on the hood indicating that it is not to be used until
its performance is within the specified performance parameters. The part(s) needing to be
replaced is to be purchased in a timely fashion so as not to endanger the health and well-being of
an employee or place the facility at risk.
The following work practices will be applied to the use of hoods.
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No employee will utilize any hood without first receiving training on the use of the hood.
Employees will confirm adequate hood ventilation performance prior to opening
chemical containers inside the hood.
Maintain the sash height as low as possible.
In the event of ventilation hood failure, stop all experiments within the hood if possible,
lower the sash completely, post a notice that the hood is not to be used until it has passed
performance tests, and call or fill out a work order for repairs.
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CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN
Storage of chemicals and equipment inside the hood will be kept to a minimum.
Interference with the inward flow of air in the hood will be minimized at all times.
The hood will be left operating when it is not in active use if hazardous chemicals are
contained inside the hood or if it is uncertain whether adequate general laboratory
ventilation will be maintained when the hood is non-operational.
Under no circumstances will the hood be used as a means to dispose volatile chemicals.
Prior to the introduction of new chemicals, the adequacy of hood ventilation will be
verified by a faculty or staff member.
Eyewash fountains. Eyewashes should be present in or near all lab areas in which there is a
potential for hazardous chemicals to be splashed into the eyes. The Departmental Chemical
Hygiene Officer will inspect eyewash fountains every three months by operating them until the
water runs clear. Keep record of inspections.
Safety showers. A safety shower should be present in or near all lab areas in which there is a
potential for a toxicologically significant quantity of a hazardous chemical to be splashed on the
body. Safety showers will be inspected, tested, and flushed annually by the Departmental
Chemical Hygiene Officer. Keep record of inspections.
Fire extinguishers. Fire extinguishers are inspected monthly and on an annual basis by Campus
Safety.
Stockrooms/storerooms. All chemical stockrooms/storerooms will be maintained in an orderly
fashion and well ventilated.
Ventilation. Air sampling will be conducted when the airflow is suspected to be insufficient;
believed to have exceeded the Permissible Exposure limit (PEL), or a similar exposure standard.
8. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE). Protective clothing such as chemically-resistant
gloves, lab coats, aprons, or suits should be used when working with hazardous materials. The laboratory
instructor is responsible for determining the protective clothing needed. The Departmental Chemical
Hygiene Officer may be consulted as a resource for PPE selection.
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Sandals, perforated shoes, and bare feet are prohibited.
Protective clothing should be inspected prior to each use.
All personal protective equipment will be removed upon leaving the work area (or as soon as
practicable).
Gloves must be worn when there is potential for direct skin contact with blood, hazardous
chemicals, and infectious materials.
Chemical-resistant gloves. Chemical-resistant gloves will be worn as appropriate. The MSDS
and/or chemical manufacturer will be consulted to provide the appropriate type of glove for a
given chemical.
Thermal-resistant gloves. Thermal-resistant gloves will be worn as appropriate for operations
involving hot materials and materials contained in exothermic reaction vessels. The type of
glove used will be made of a non-asbestos material replaced when damaged or deteriorated.
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Eye protection is mandatory for all entries into a work area within a laboratory where hazardous
chemicals are used. The laboratory instructor will determine the level of eye protection required.
Where the use of a respirator is necessary to maintain exposure below permissible exposure
limits, Southern Adventist University will provide, at no cost to the employee, the proper
respiratory equipment.
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Proper hearing protection will be provided to employees as needed.
Avoid underestimation of risk.
9. CONTAMINATED WASTE REMOVAL/DISPOSAL. To assure that the disposal of waste
laboratory chemicals will result in minimal harm to people, other organisms, and the environment,
laboratory instructors will specify to the laboratory students how the waste is to be collected and
segregated. All disposals are done in accordance with the Tennessee Department of Natural Resources.
Generator status. Southern Adventist University strives to be a conditionally exempt small
quantity generator (EPA generation number TND982143323). Generator status is determined
based on how much waste is generated on a monthly basis. A hazardous waste generation log
should be used to document when waste is generated. Record the date, chemical name, and
chemical amount generated. The University Chemical Hygiene Officer is to receive a copy of all
generation logs.
Disposal of material in drains. Certain chemicals are permissible for drain disposal. The local
sanitary sewer district, Water and Waste Treatment Authority (Rick Tate, Pretreatment
Coordinator, 423- 757-5026), was contacted to determine what was and was not acceptable. The
drain system connects to a sanitary sewer system that ultimately flows to a wastewater treatment
facility located at Moccasin Bend, Chattanooga, Tennessee. At no time has a septic tank system
been used on campus.
Only chemicals reasonably soluble in water will be suitable for drain disposal. A compound will
be considered water soluble if it dissolves to the extent of at least 3%. These compounds are to
be flushed with at least 100 volumes of excess water. Some exceptions should be noted:
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Organics with boiling points less than 50 C
Hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitro compounds, mercaptans, and
most oxygenated compounds that contain more than five carbon atoms
Organics that are explosives such as azides and peroxides
Concentrated acids or bases
Highly toxic malodorous or lachrymatory substances
Disposal options. Incineration in an environmentally acceptable manner is the most practical
disposal method for combustible laboratory waste. Indiscriminate disposal by pouring waste
chemicals down the drain or adding them to mixed refuse for landfill burial is unacceptable.
Hoods are not to be used as a means of disposal for volatile chemicals. Disposal by recycling or
chemical decontamination is used when possible.
Waste removal. Chemical waste needing to be treated and disposed of off-site will be removed
by a legitimate waste hauler. Departments will contact the University Chemical Hygiene Officer
before arranging a hazardous waste pick-up. Disposal manifests must be kept on file and copies
must be given to the University Chemical Hygiene Officer.
10. ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS. The Director of the department is responsible for the safe
operation of their laboratories. Assessment of significant risk of operations is made by the Departmental
Chemical Hygiene Officer and the University Chemical Hygiene Officer. Chemical hygiene and safety
policies will be established for each task performed and engineering controls for personal protective
equipment assigned.
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11. MEDICAL REQUIREMENTS. All medical examinations and consultations relating to
occupational chemical exposure incidents will be performed by or under the direct supervision of a
licensed physician without cost to the employee, without loss of pay, and at a reasonable time and place.
A board-certified physician in occupational medicine will be used whenever possible. Factors routinely
contributing to or corroborating overexposure incidents:
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Poor work habits
Poor engineering controls
Poor administrative controls
Historical data from similar operations
Use of significant quantities of a chemical
Use of a chemical over an extended period of time
All employees will be sent for a medical evaluation:
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Whenever signs and symptoms associated with a hazardous chemical develop
When environmental monitoring reveals an exposure level routinely above the action level
Whenever an event takes place in the work area such as a spill, leak, or explosion resulting in
hazardous chemical exposure
Department will provide the following information to the physician:
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Identity of the hazardous chemical(s) to which the employee may have been exposed
A description of the conditions under which the exposure occurred--including quantitative
exposure data (if available)
A description of the signs and symptoms of exposure
A copy of the MSDS for the chemical(s) involved
Department will request that the physician provide a written opinion that will include:
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Recommendation for further medical follow-up
Results of the medical examination and any associated tests
Any medical conditions that may be revealed in the course of the examination that may place
the employee at increased risk as a result of exposure to a hazardous chemical found in the
workplace
A statement by the physician that the employee has been informed of the
consultation/examination results and any medical condition that may require further
examination or treatment
For laboratory uses of OSHA regulated substances, Southern Adventist University shall assure that
laboratory employee exposures to such substances do not exceed the permissible exposure limits
specified in 29 CFR, part 1910, subpart Z.
Employee exposure. Southern Adventist University shall measure the employee's exposure to
any substance regulated by a standard which requires monitoring if there is reason to believe that
exposure levels for that substance routinely exceed the action level (or in the absence of an
action level, the PEL). If the initial monitoring discloses employee exposure over the action level
(or in the absence of an action level, the PEL), Southern Adventist University shall immediately
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comply with the exposure monitoring provisions of the relevant standard. Monitoring may be
terminated in accordance with the relevant OSHA standard.
Southern Adventist University shall, within 15 working days after the receipt of any monitoring
results, notify the employee of these results in writing either individually or by posting results in
an appropriate location that is accessible to employees.
12. INCIDENT INVESTIGATION. Incident investigation will be directed by the Risk Management
Department. The investigation will be initiated as promptly as possible, but no more than 48 hours
following the incident. The investigation will focus on the process of identifying the underlying causes of
incidents and implementing steps to prevent similar events from occurring. Routine investigations will
be conducted by Risk Management on all incidents and near misses. The investigation will be conducted
to discover conditions and work practices that could be determined to lead to employee exposure, toxic
releases, accidents, and industrial illnesses.
Hazards/Deficiencies will be rated according to the following rating system. Where it is unclear where a
hazard/deficiency should be rated, the next higher priority classification will be assumed.
Priority 1. The most serious type of unsafe Chemical Hygiene condition or unsafe work practice
that could cause a chemical exposure resulting in loss of life, or permanent disability, or
extensive loss of structure, equipment, or material.
Priority 2. An unsafe condition or work practice that could cause a chemical exposure resulting
in serious injury, illness, or disruptive property damage.
Priority 3. An unsafe condition or work practice that could cause a recordable injury, illness, or
nondisruptive property damage.
Priority 4. Minor condition, a housekeeping item or unsafe work practice infraction with little
likelihood of injury, illness, or nondisruptive property damage.
13. TRAINING: Southern Adventist University shall provide employees with information and training
to ensure that they are aware of the hazards of chemicals present in their work area. Chemical hazard
information shall be provided at the time of an employee's initial assignment to work in an area where
hazardous chemicals are present and prior to new exposure situations. Departments will maintain a
record of training that contains each employee's name and dates of training. The following lesson plan
should be used as a guide for conducting Chemical Hygiene training.
CHEMICAL HYGIENE TRAINING LESSON PLAN
I. LEARNING OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the Chemical Hygiene Training Program the
employee will be able to:
A. Locate the potentially hazardous chemicals in the workplace.
B. Recognize the chemical labeling and its meaning.
C. Locate the MSDS book in the workplace.
D. Locate the health hazard, physical hazard, environmental protection, and special protection
sections of the MSDS and explain their uses.
E. Identify the Departmental Chemical Hygiene Officer by name and title.
F. Discuss the major components of the facility's standard labeling system.
G. Identify the appropriate protective clothing for the area and demonstrate its use.
H. Demonstrate emergency procedures in the event of a hazardous chemical spill.
I. Describe the environmental monitoring protocol.
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II. ACTIVITY PLAN
A. A list of audiovisuals to use
1. Videotape and/or slide presentation
2. Equipment instructions
3. Handouts
B. An outline guide of what to say and the time limits for each discussion
C. Topics to be covered
1. Content of the lab standard
2. Location of the Chemical Hygiene Plan
3. Identification of hazardous chemicals
a. Location of chemical inventory
b. Location of MSDS
i. Obtaining a copy
c. Labeling information
i. Hazard warnings
ii. Carcinogen warnings
iii. Location in workplace
4. Procedures for handling hazardous chemicals
a. Work practices
b. Proper moving, storing, and use
c. PEL for specific chemicals used
d. Visual appearance of chemicals used
e. Environmental monitoring requirements
f. Signs and symptoms of exposure
g. Protective equipment to prevent overexposure.
h. Conditions to avoid
5. Environmental protection
a. Emergency procedures
b. Spill containment think C.L.E.A.N.E.R. protocol
c. Medical consultation procedures
6. Documentation of training
III. SUMMARY
A. Restate the objectives
B. Restate the main points
C. Answer any questions
14. HOUSEKEEPING. Laboratories will be cleaned regularly by departmental employees who have
received Chemical Hygiene training. Each employee is responsible for the cleanliness and orderliness of
their work area, and jointly responsible for common areas within their department. The Departmental
Chemical Hygiene Officer will conduct an inspection of the lab areas on a monthly basis to assess
whether:
 Hallways, aisles, exits, extinguishing equipment, eyewashes, showers, electrical
disconnects and other emergency equipment are free of obstruction
 Chemical containers are clean, properly labeled and returned to storage upon completion
of use
 Waste is deposited in appropriate receptacles
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 Waste is properly removed from the laboratory
 Proper storage is used to minimize clutter
 Chemical spills have be cleaned up
15. RECORDKEEPING. Southern Adventist University will establish and maintain an accurate record
for each employee. All records will be kept, transferred, and made available in accordance with 29 CFR
1910.1020. Exposure records for hazardous chemicals and harmful physical agents will be maintained
for 30 years. Medical records for employees exposed to hazardous chemicals and harmful physical
agents will be maintained for the duration of employment plus 30 years. Accident and medical
consultation records will be retained by Risk Management and a copy will be added to the affected
individuals personnel file.
Chemical inventory, training attendance, inspections of equipment and environmental monitoring records
will be maintained by the Departmental Chemical Hygiene Officer. A copy of these records will be sent
to the University Chemical Hygiene Officer.
16. PROCUREMENT OF CHEMICAL MATERIALS. Chemicals purchased will be used in a
responsible manner through disposal. Requests for new materials or material quantities in excess of
normal usage quantities will be routed through the Departmental Chemical Hygiene Officer for approval.
Before the chemical is received for use, a MSDS must be obtained. Before use, employees will be
trained on the hazards and personal protective equipment needed to safely use the chemical.
17. ADDITIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS.
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Equipment will be used only for its intended purpose.
Glassware will be handled and stored with care to minimize breakage; all broken glassware will
be immediately disposed of in a broken glass container.
Evacuated glassware will be shielded to contain fragments/chemicals should implosion occur.
Labels will be attached to all chemical containers, identifying the contents and related hazards.
All waste receptacles will be identified.
All laboratory equipment will be inspected as specified.
Non-contaminated waste is to be disposed of in regular trash.
Never obstruct exits, fire extinguishers, fire hoses, gas valves, etc.
Doors into laboratory areas should remain closed at all times when not in use.
Make sure that all equipment is properly grounded and that the wiring of all equipment is in good
condition. If there are cracks in the insulation or exposure of the wiring is noticed, immediately
unplug the equipment and notify your supervisor and the Departmental Chemical Hygiene
Officer.
In the case of exhaust failure, immediately notify your supervisor and the Departmental Chemical
Hygiene Officer.
If employees are in danger of contamination by a toxic or infectious agent, the area must be
evacuated, closed off until the area has been deemed safe.
Chemical storage cabinets are to be placed at least six (6) feet away from laboratory exits.
18. PERMITTING SYSTEM FOR LABORATORY ACTIVITIES. When laboratory operations are
performed which will be unattended by laboratory personnel (continuous operations, overnight reactions,
etc.), the following procedures will be followed:
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CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN
The laboratory supervisor will review work procedures to ensure for the safe completion of
the operation.
An appropriate sign will be posted at all entrances to the laboratory detailing special
precautions for custodial workers, etc.
The overhead lights in the laboratory will be left on.
Precautions shall be made for the interruption of utility service during the unattended
operation (loss of water pressure, electricity, etc.).
The person responsible for the operation will return to the laboratory at the conclusion of the
operation to assist in the dismantling of the apparatus and to remove all signs.
19. CHEMICAL SPILLS, RELEASES AND ACCIDENTS. In the event of a serious chemical spill
or other accident, the department will adhere to the reporting procedures outlined in the Emergency
Action Plan (refer to Crisis Management Plan) as required by OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.38 and
1910.120. In an emergency, Campus Safety must be notified as soon as possible.
Spill containment. Spill containment kits are located in the stockrooms. Chemical spills will be
contained using the Think C.L.E.A.N.E.R. principle:
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Contain the spill.
Leave the area.
Emergency Decontamination: Eye wash, shower, medical care.
Access MSDS for emergency procedures.
Notify supervisory staff of incident.
Emergency Response Notification (call Campus Safety ext. 2100)
Report. Gather information for spill report.
20. REFERENCES.
The following references were used to assist in the preparation of this plan:
1. 29 CFR Part 1910.1450 Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories.
2. National Research Council. Prudent Practices for Handling Hazardous Chemicals in
Laboratories, National Academy Press, 1981.
21. APPENDICES.
Appendix A—Directory
Appendix B—Target Organ List
Appendix C—MSDS Example
Appendix D—DOT Hazard Classification List
Appendix E—EPA Hazard Classification List
Appendix F—Glossary
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Appendix A. DIRECTORY.
Campus Safety:
Risk Management:
Plant Services:
University Health Services:
Ext. 2100
Ext. 2566/2266
Ext. 2919
Ext. 2713
Laboratory:
Biology Department Laboratories
Location:
Southern Adventist University
Hickman Science Center-Biology Department
4843 Industrial Dr.
Collegedale, TN 37315
Departmental Chemical Hygiene Officer: Joyce Azevedo
Ext. 2853
Department Chair: Keith Snyder
Office Manager: Debbie Strack
Ext. 2929
Ext. 2926
Laboratory:
Chemistry Department Laboratories
Location:
Southern Adventist University
Hickman Science Center-Chemistry Department
4843 Industrial Dr.
Collegedale, TN 37315
Departmental Chemical Hygiene Officer: Bruce Schilling
Department Chair: Rhonda Scott
Office Manager: Sheri Munger
Ext. 2920
Ext. 2932
Ext. 2931
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Appendix B. TARGET ORGAN LIST. A list of target organ effects shall be posted in a central
location for access by all employees as follows:
HEPATOTOXINS
Chemicals
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_______________
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NEPHROTOXINS
Chemicals that produce liver damage
Signs and Symptoms
Jaundice; liver enlargement
Carbon tetrachloride; nitrosamines
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Chemicals that produce kidney damage
Signs and Symptoms
Edema; proteinuria
Chemicals
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_______________
_______________
Halogenated hydrocarbons; uranium
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
NEUROTOXINS
Chemicals that produce their primary
toxic effects on the nervous system
Chemicals
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_______________
_______________
Mercury; carbon disulfide
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
AGENTS THAT ACT
ON THE BLOOD OR
HEMATOPOIETIC
SYSTEM
Decrease hemoglobin function;
deprive body tissues of oxygen
Chemicals
_______________
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Carbon monoxide; cyanides
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
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AGENTS THAT
DAMAGE THE
Chemicals that irritate or damage
the pulmonary tissue
Signs and Symptoms
Narcosis; behavioral
changes; decrease in
motor functions
Signs and Symptoms
Cyanosis; loss of consciousness
Signs and Symptoms
Cough; tightness in chest;
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shortness of breath
Chemicals
_______________
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Silica; asbestos
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
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REPRODUCTIVE
TOXINS
Chemicals that affect the
reproductive capabilities
including chromosomal
damage (mutations) and
effects on fetuses
(teratogenesis)
Chemicals
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Lead
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CUTANEOUS
HAZARDS
Chemicals that affect the dermal
layer of the body
Chemicals
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Ketones; chlorinated compounds
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EYE HAZARDS
Chemicals that affect the eye or
visual capacity
Chemicals
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Organic solvents; acids
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Signs and Symptoms
Birth defects; sterility
Signs and Symptoms
Defatting of the skin;
rashes; irritation
Signs and Symptoms
Conjunctivitis; corneal
damage
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Appendix C. SAMPLE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET.
SECTION I--GENERAL INFORMATION
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PRODUCT/CHEMICAL NAME: 10% Neutral Buffered Formalin, v/v Chemical Family-Aldehyde
BUSINESS TELEPHONE: 314/555-1235
SECTION II--HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS
37% Formaldehyde-Stabilized with methanol
(11% v/v)(probable carcinogen)
Methanol
%
10 v/v
TLV
1 ppm-TWA
2 ppm-STEL
AGENCY
OSHA
OSHA
1
200 ppm
OSHA
SECTION III--PHYSICAL DATA
APPEARANCE
ODOR
BOILING POINT (F)
EVAPORATION RATE (Butyl Acetate =1)
PERCENT VOLATILE BY VOL.
SOLUBILITY IN WATER
SPECIFIC GRAVITY (Water =1)
VAPOR DENSITY (Air=1)
VAPOR PRESSURE (mm of Hg)
Clear colorless liquid
Pungent odor
204 to 211 F
0.43
98%
100%--Complete
1.109 @ 21 C
1.1
19
SECTION IV--FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA
FLASH POINT (METHOD USED: PENSKY-MARTENS):
None observed below 180 F (82 C)
FLAMMABLE LIMITS IN AIR, % BY VOLUME:
Lower 7 Upper 73
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA:
Alcohol foam, dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, water spray.
UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS:
May generate formaldehyde gas.
FIRE-FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Cooling container with water spray or fog will help to
absorb escaping fumes. Evacuate affected areas. Stay upwind and avoid contact with smoke and
fumes. If contact cannot be avoided, wear personal protective equipment including chemical
splash goggles and air mask with breathing air supply. Runoff from fire control may cause
pollution.
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SECTION V--REACTIVITY DATA STABILITY: Stable.
INCOMPATIBILITY: Reaction with phenol, strong acids or alkalis may be violent.
Formaldehyde and hydrochloric acid may form bis-chloramethyl ether, an OSHA-regulated
carcinogen.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION:
formaldehyde gas.
Occurs slowly at elevated temperatures, releasing
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION: None.
SECTION VI--HEALTH DATA
INHALATION: May cause sore throat, coughing, and shortness of breath. Causes irritation to
the respiratory tract. May be fatal in high concentrations.
INGESTION: Can cause severe abdominal pain, violent vomiting, headaches, and diarrhea.
Larger doses may produce decreased body temperature, pain in the digestive tract, shallow
respiration, weak irregular pulse, unconsciousness, and death. Methanol component affects the
optic nerve and may cause blindness.
SKIN CONTACT: Toxic. May cause irritation to skin with redness, pain, and possible burns.
Skin absorption may occur with symptoms paralleling those from ingestion.
EYE CONTACT: Vapor causes irritation to the eyes with redness, pain, and blurred vision.
Higher concentrations or splashes may cause irreversible eye damage.
SECTION VII--FIRST AID PROCEDURES
INHALATION: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is
difficult, give oxygen. Call a physician.
INGESTION: If swallowed, induce vomiting immediately by giving two glasses of water and
sticking finger down throat. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Call
physician immediately.
SKIN CONTACT: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15
minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention immediately.
EYE CONTACT: Wash eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and
upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately.
SECTION VIII--SPECIAL PROTECTION
VENTILATION: Ventilation adequate to keep formaldehyde concentrations below indicated
exposure limits should be provided. If limits may be exceeded, use a full face air purifying
respirator with cartridges approved for formaldehyde (up to 500 ppm) or supplied air respirator.
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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: Use chemical splash goggles, neoprene or polyvinyl
chloride gloves and coveralls with long sleeves. Use breathing air supply from airline mask or
self-contained breathing mask if exposure limits are exceeded.
SECTION IX--SPILL PROCEDURES
STEPS TO TAKE IN CASE OF RELEASE OR SPILL
Keep upwind of leak; evacuate area until gas has dispersed.
Soak up small leaks with rags or other absorbent and remove in covered metal containers or
drums. Dike large spills. May be neutralized with dilute (5%) solutions of ammonia sodium
sulfite or sodium bisulfite and removed. Flush spill area with plenty of water.
WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD: Comply with federal, state, and local regulations. If approved,
flush to chemical sewer, incinerate, dispose in hazardous material landfill, or flush to wastewater
treatment system. Very dilute solutions can be handled by biochemical action in formaldehydeadapted waste treatment systems; water spray or fog will help absorb escaping fumes.
SECTION X--SHIPPING INFORMATION
STORAGE CONDITIONS: Keep container closed. Keep away from heat and open flames. Do
not store below 15 C (59 F).
TRANSPORTATION: DOT Shipping Name--Formaldehyde or Formalin Solution.
DOT Hazard Class--ORM-A (in containers of 110 gallons or less).
SHIPPING CONTAINERS: Drums, bottles.
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Appendix D. DOT HAZARD CLASSIFICATION LIST.
Hazard Classification
1. Explosive A & B
2. Explosive C
3. Blasting agents
4. Radioactive material
5. Flammable liquids
6. Pyrophoric liquids
7. Non-flammable compressed gases
8. Flammable gases
9. Combustible liquids
10. Flammable solids
11. Oxidizer
12. Corrosive material
13. Irritating material
14. Poison A
15. Poison B
16. Organic peroxide
17. *ORM-A
18. ORM-B
19. ORM-C
20. ORM-D
21. ORM-E
22. Etiological agents
Example
Dynamite
Fireworks
Plastic explosives
CO-60 or I-130
Alcohol
Phosphorus hydrids
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Kerosene
Picric acid/10% wet
Nitric acid
Hydrocholoric acid
Lacramator
Heptachlor
Phenol
Benzoyl peroxide
Formaldehyde
Mercury
Asbestos
Bleach
Ferric sulfate
Microorganisms (E. coli)
*ORM = Other Regulated Material
Appendix E. EPA HAZARD CLASSIFICATION LIST.
1.
IGNITABLE WASTE--
Flash point < 140 F
Flammable solids (10)
Oxidizers (11)
Flammable gases (8)
Some combustible liquids (9)
Flammable liquids (5)
Pyrophoric liquids (6)
2.
CORROSIVES--
Any liquid of pH less than 2 or greater than 12.5 (12)
3.
REACTIVE--
Explosives A, B, or C (1, 2, or 3) Water reactive
Cyanide or sulfide
Organic peroxides (16)
Poison B (15)
NOTE: Numerals in parentheses indicate chemical categories on the DOT list.
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Appendix F. GLOSSARY. The following terms are used as part of the Chemical Hygiene Program:
ACUTE - An adverse effect with symptoms of high severity coming quickly to a crisis.
CARCINOGEN - A substance capable of causing cancer.
CHEMICAL AGENTS - A wide variety of fluids that have a high potential for body entry by various
means. Some are more toxic than others and require special measures of control for safety and
environmental reasons.
CHRONIC - An adverse effect with symptoms that develop slowly over a long period of time or that
frequently recur.
COMBUSTIBLE - Able to catch on fire and burn.
DOT - Department of Transportation
EPA - Environmental Protection Agency
LABORATORY SCALE - Work with chemicals that can easily and safely be manipulated by one
person excluding the commercial production of chemicals for sale.
LABORATORY USE - A workplace where relatively small quantities of hazardous chemicals are used
on a non-production basis.
MSDS - Material Safety Data Sheets
MUTAGEN - Capable of changing cells in such a way that future cell generations are affected.
Mutagenic substances are usually considered suspect carcinogens.
OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the regulatory branch of the Department of
Labor concerned with employee safety and health.
PEL - Permissible Exposure Limit. This is the legally allowed concentration in the workplace that is
considered a safe level of exposure for an 8-hour shift, 40 hours per week.
pH - A measure of how acidic or caustic a substance is on a scale of 1 to 14. A pH of 1 indicates that a
substance is acidic; a pH of 14 indicates that a substance is basic.
PHYSICAL AGENTS - Workplace sources recognized for their potential effects on the body. Heat
exposure or excessive noise levels are examples of this risk group.
SENSITIZERS - Agents to repeated exposure over time creating an allergic reaction at some point in
time.
TERATOGENS - A substance that causes a deformity in newborns if a significant exposure exists during
pregnancy.
TLV - Threshold Limit Value. The amount of exposure allowable for an employee in an 8-hour day.
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