Department: Energy: Production, Transformation
SE152-153
Combustion applied to turbojet engines
Persons in charge:
S9
Guillaume CASTANET, chercheur CNRS
guillaume.castanet@univ-lorraine.fr
Olivier PENANHOAT, ingénieur SNECMA
olivier.penanhoat@snecma.fr
Duration:
ECTS credits:
42 hours
4
Objective
To enable students to understand the basic concept of combustion and more advanced insights into
certain relevant industrial and practical problems concerning turbojet engines. This module also
introduces some elements on highly energetic compressible flows, e.g. shock waves.
Content - Program

Thermodynamics of a mix of chemical species (C1) - GC
Chemical equilibrium. Temperature of an adiabatic flame.

Chemical kinetics (C1) - GC
Rate and extend of a reaction. Poor combustion vs rich combustion. Reducing the schemes.

Laminar combustion (C2-C4) - GC
Premixed laminar flames: examples, one-dimensional equations, the propagation velocity, and the
structure of the flames. Flame front instabilities.
Diffusion-controlled laminar flames: examples, passive scalar, the end temperatures.

Practical work – GC
Propagation and stabilisation of a pre-mixed flame.

Two-phase combustion (C5) - GC
Isolated droplet. Sprays. Different types of two-phase combustion.

Combustion waves (C6-C7) - GC
Basic notions on compressible flows. One-dimensional equations. Typical flows (isentropic flows,
Rayleigh’s flow). Shock waves.
Detonation vs. deflagration. Chapman-Jouguet theory of the detonation. Structure and velocity of a
detonation wave.

Turbulent combustion (C8-C10) - OP
Modeling turbulent combustion. “Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes” models. Closure model for
the average reaction rate. Turbulent diffusion flames - premixed turbulent flames: main models
(Eddy Break Up, CLE, Probability Density Function, PCM). Numerical methods (RANS, Large
Eddy Simulations, Direct Numerical Simulations). Applications to turbojet engines.

Reduction of polluting emissions (C11-C12) - OP
Modeling of pollutants formation (NOx, CO, UHC, particles); influence of the composition of the
fuel; low NOx future combustion chambers; impact on the environment (air quality and greenhouse
effect); future alternate “drop-in” fuels: impact on the ultra small particles, CO2 “Well to Wing”
assessments; measuring pollutants.

Final test (C14) - GC
Assessment methods
Redaction after the practical work + Final test.
Teaching aids
Documents for the lectures and the TD.
Principles of combustion. Kuo. Wiley (2005).
La combustion et les flammes. Borghi et Destriau. Editions Technip (2005).
Theoretical Numerical Combustion. Veynante & Poinsot 2005.
http://elearning.cerfacs.fr/COURSES/COMBUSTION/combustion.php