Information of Baruipur Municipality.
LOCATION:
Baruipur is a sub-division town of the district of South 24-Parganas situated on
the banks of Tolly’s canal at the crossing of Diamond Harbour and
Lakshmikantapur between Kolkata and Sunderbans. According to common
belief, the name was derived from the word ‘Barui’ which means betel planter. Its
geographical location is 20° 30′ latitude North and 88° 25′ longitude East.
Baruipur became a sub-division in 1858. Earlier, it was part of a sub-division,
which was basically a sub-division created during the British regime for collection
of taxes under a collector. The land is bounded on the north by Sonarpur, south
by Jainagar, east by Canning and west by Bishnupur. During those days it was
well known for its indigo plantation.
REGIONAL SETTING: Baruipur Municipality is located at the extreme southern side of Kolkata
Metropolitan Area. Railway line has connected this municipality with Kolkata and
southern part of South 24 Pgs. Garia – Baruipur Road or Kulpi Road is one of the
major roads, which has connected the area with Kolkata and North 24 Pgs
through E.M Bye Pass. Other major roads like Madarat Road, Dhabdhabi Road,
Canning Road connected the area with eastern part and Amtala Road has linked
it with the adjacent western part.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE MUNICIPALITY: AREA & CLIMATE:
Total area of Baruipur P.S is 212.48 Sq.Km. but within the jurisdiction of Baruipur
municipality the area measures 9.07 Sq.Km. only. Forestry is spread over 100
hectares of land.
Baruipur is located in hot and humid zone. It is equidistant from the tropic of
cancer in the north and Bay of Bengal in the south. Climate of a region depends
on various factors like its distance from the sea, type of air and oceanic currents,
soil structure, magnitude of rainfall, existing forestry’s etc. Strong monsoon winds
blowing from the Bay of Bengal over this area generates ample rainfall. Its
geographical location is 20°30′ latitude north and 88°25′ longitude east.
Maximum temperature recorded in the months of April/May during peak summer
is around
40°C and
minimum
temperature
noted
in
the months of
December/January during winter is 7°C. average annual rainfall is 1750mm.
relative humidity ranges between 70% to 85%, minimum and maximum
respectively. The rainfalls together with its geographic location are two (2) factors
that regulate its climate. As evident from the figure above, Baruipur enjoys
extreme heat during summer and moderate cold during winter.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL & ITS TOPOGRAPHY:
The general ground structure of Baruipur is by and large composed of alluvium
soil. Despite the fact that the soil is basically composed of alluvium borne by river
water due to variation in the river flow at different time of the season, deposition
of
alluvium over the land varies from place to place forming wide scale
undulation particularly on the riverside. Otherwise the topography is more or less
flat. The river course has gradually shifted from east to west. Consequently, in
some parts in the eastern zone the soil is soil is found to be an admixture of salty
and loamy variety. The top layer is composed of alluvial with muddy variety in the
middle. The bottom contains thick layer of sand only. In some parts the soil is
found in three (3) varieties like: i) clayey, ii) loamy and iii) sandy. The water
retention of the soil with alluvial at the top and sand at the base as stated above
is very low. Because of salinity, the soil is unsuitable for growing all varieties of
fruits. However, the land is known for guavas, lichi and more particularly loquat.
The latter is found only in Kashmir in India. The last variety of soil referred above
amply produces paddy of late autumn and winter variety. Heavy rainfall in the
region during monsoon helps its agricultural produce.
SOIL AND GROUND WATER SCENARIO:
Moderate to heavy rainfall during monsoon coupled with occasional rainfall in
other times of the season have resulted in large-scale water reserve beneath the
earth’s surface. The water from the underground source sometimes collects on
the earth’s surface through different fissures in the earth’s crust and creates large
natural water bodies like ponds, tanks and creeks etc. at different locations. Due
to availability of water around the year in those water bodies the place has added
potential for developing pisciculture. In some of the creeks, lobsters are grown.
The structure of the town is mostly composed of alluvium borne by the river flow.
Somewhere loamy soil, an admixture of alluvium and sandy soil, constitute the
soil structure. The former type is good for cultivation of all types of crops and
fruits. Water retention capacity of the later type being comparatively high, this
type of soil is good for paddy as well as jute. Judging from the nature Gangetic
West Bengal, particularly due to wide scale variations in the river flow at different
times of the season, the topography of the town is found to be undulated at
riverside. Otherwise it is more or less flat in other areas with mild slope towards
south. (Annexture-2 &3 to be enclosed).
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND:
Baruipur has a history of human civilization. Each historic antiquities of the site
found from archeological excavation in the outskirts of Baruipur reveals that there
was a major early historic human settlement dated back to the 1 st century A.D.
The fact has been further re-instated by some renowned scholars in their
statement published in South Asian Studies-10, 1994, which is reproduced
below.
‘Atghara’ in northeast of Baruipur- the early historic antiquity of the site in the
outskirts of Baruipur was reported in IAR- 1956, P.P.-29-30, where there was
reference to early historic terracotta’s, grey pottery, rouletted pottery, cast copper
coins etc. from the site. The terracotta’s, rouletted ware and an inscribed seal
from Atghara were also mentioned in IAR-1957-58, P-70. The terracotta’s from
Moury-sung period onwards are indeed locally well known features of the site. One
still notices a structural mound at Atghara and there is perceptible spread of
occupation of deposit, which according to a local estimate is spread over13 to
14acres of land. In 1989, the Directorate of Archeology of West Bengal Govt.
excavated the visible structural mound. The report is unpublished but there is a
reference to its results in a handout issued on the occasion on
South
24-
Parganas history conference at Baruipur on December 1, 1991. The sequence of
the site goes back to Mauryan period and continues upto 10-12 centuries A.D. A
terracotta image of Jain Tirthankara was obtained from the latter context. In the
earlier context one notes the presence of NBPN Sanghkushan red ware earthen
vessels bearing faces of women terracotta Yakshini images etc. It has been
pointed out that the areas of Gazir Danga, SitaKundu and Phasir Danga in the
neighbourhood yield comparable antiquities whenever tanks, wells, foundations
for houses are dug. There is little doubt that there was a major historic settlement
at Atghara.
PLACES OF INTEREST:
Baruipur has a number of remarkable places of interest scattered throughout.
One can visit the ruins of the temple of “Kalyan Mahadeb”, a Vishnu temple at
Kalyanpur. There is one huge temple of the popular God “Dakshin Ray” at the
village of Dhabdhabi. Baruipur museum is another noteworthy place worth
visiting for its collection of many antiquities belonging to the historic Gangaridees
and many other historic articles dating back to different periods of Sen, Pal,
Gupta and Kushan dynasty. There is one temple of Lord Chaitanya near Puratan
Bazar. On the south of this bazaar lies Dolmancha. Temple of Goddess
Mahalakhsmi is located near Kachari Bazar. There is a double storied building at
Mashidtala. One can visit the twin villages of Sitakundu and Atghara where
different archeological excavations have unearthed a number of antique objects
dating from different early historic periods of Sen, Pal, Gupta and Kushan
dynasties. A terracotta image of ascetic Lord Buddha has been unearthed from
one such excavation at Atghara village. Kalidas dutta memorial museum at
Ramnagar and Sunderban regional museum at Baruipur are two areas worth
visiting for their collections of early historic periods bearing testimonies of ancient
civilization of this region. Many other ruins of Vishnu temples can be seen at
different locations at Baruipur.
FESTIVALS: The following festivals are observed in different months of the year e.g.
Rash Mela is observed in October- November, Charak Mela in March-April, Rath
Mela in July. Barumi Mela and a public gathering to sing the praise of Maha
Prabhu are held in Dolmanch in some specific period each year. Dolmanch is
around 200 years old. Bishalakshmi Mandir and Jagaddhatri Mandir are also too
quite old structures.
TRADITIONAL ARTS/CRAFTS: Terracotta works is one of the bet examples of local handicrafts. Amongst small
scale and cottage industries surgical instrument making is a noptable example.
Another cottage industry is the manufacturing of incensed stick where a large
section of women folk are involved.
MEMOIRS OF THE TOWN:
A remarkable Hindu mela was observed in 1869 by the people under the
presidentship of Sri Ragendra Kumar Raychoudhuri. Freedom movement to
discard foreign goods was organized under the leadership of Sri Surendranath
Bandapadhya. Sri Bankim Chandra Chatterjee created the wonderful novel
“Durgeshnandini” between 1864-69 while he was the Deputy Magistrate of
Baruipur. Baruipur has the unique distinction to be amongst the first for being
linked by the railway transport system as early as on 10th July. 1882.
SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE ULB:
Baruipur Municipality, one of the oldest local self-government in the district of
South 24-Parganas in West Bengal, was founded in 1869. It is 141 years old
now. Despite being so old the municipality still falls under Category-D of local
self-government. In 1970, the municipality was brought under the control of
K.M.D.A. for all developmental work. Since then the municipal service started
accelerating. In the 1st phase of developmental work, two overhead water
reservoirs were constructed. Underground C.I line was laid for domestic water
supply two (2) times a day. 12 pump houses were installed at different locations
to boost the delivery through 50 Km long supply line. In addition to pipeline
supply
three
(3)
water
tankers
are
available
for
emergency
supply.
Simultaneously, different metal roads as well as permanent draining arrangement
of surface water and sullage were also developed at different places. At present
total metalled roads within the municipal areas is 138 Km long. Total area of
roads with black top and WBM finish taking together drainage arrangement is
1,51,717 Sqm. and that of brick paved roads with drain measures 83,935 Sqm.
Further, to supplement the domestic water needs, the municipality has also
provided 71 deep tube wells and 13 shallow wells with the financial help from
K.M.D.A. Necessary endeavours have been made for freeing arsenic from the
water before supplying for domestic use.
COMPOSITION AND ADMINISTRATION OF THE ULB:
The Baruipur municipality is a constituent of Baruipur police station that includes
69 villages, 19 village Panchayats and Panchayats Samity’s etc. The municipality
is divided into 17 wards. An elected Chairman who owns over all responsibility of
the administrative matters heads it, assisted by a vice-chairman. 15 other
councillors share the responsibility as members of the council. All are elected
members. In addition to this Board of Councilors assist in decision making in
various issues related to the activities of the ULB. There are also six standing
committee in the charge of various department. The civil administration is headed
by the District Magistrate, South 24-Parganas. Important urban systems like
judiciary, banking and finance, telecommunications, health services etc. fall
within the jurisdiction of the civil administration.
DEMOGRAPHY & SOCIO ECONOMIC CONDITION & POPULATION PROJECTION
ALLEVIATION PLAN
F THE LIVELIHOODS AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION PLAN
DEMOGRAPHY: Population Distribution with respect to age at
Municipal level
Population: -
12%
Total population of Baruipur
8%
Municipality as recorded in
2001 census is 44,964. The
average annual growth rate is
57%
nearly 19.68%. The gross
density of population is 49 P/
23%
Minor Population
Senior Citizens
Age Group11-25
Age Group26-59
Ha. Among this, 50.9% of the
population is male and rest 49.1% is female.
From the figure we can derive that the majority of the population is in the age
group of 26 to 59 years, which is about 57% of the total population, but on the
other hand this figure also depicts that the rest 43% of the population is not in the
work force age group and also the fact that a considerable percentage of
population also exists in the age group of 11-25, which will necessitate the
requirement of good education and training facilities in form of schools and
colleges and also planning of good opportunities for a good future for the new
generation. Child health and childcare also needs to be taken care of as there is
a considerable percentage of minor population in the municipal area. This also
means that the settlements are newly built and the area is newly developing
area. This aspect also needs to be matched with the migration analysis of the
municipal area.
Table
Ward-wise population figure in 2001 census is furnished below:
Ward No.
1
Number of
Total no. of holding
Total population Number of
dwelling units
(2001)
(2001)
voters
630
684
2,614
1809
2
756
978
3,108
3
4
5
546
654
564
854
1,031
794
2,442
3,017
2,739
6
7
8
9
625
442
714
367
707
541
778
498
3,199
1,849
3,236
2,036
10
11
12
13
890
450
382
674
1,124
603
714
865
3,837
1,929
1,987
2,846
675
400
576
263
9,608
1,097
776
710
664
13,418
3,459
1,936
2,860
1,870
44964
14
15
16
17
Total
2290
2417
2037
2076
1904
1273
1382
2416
955
1541
1840
730
1307
1884
1390
Sex Ratio: Sex Ratio at the Municipal Level
The ideal ration of male: female should be 1: 0.9. If
calculated in percent of both should vary as 50%:
49% or near by range. The figure shows that
49%
51%
male: female ratio in percentage = 50.9%: 49.1%
which is in the normal range. So the number of
female population per 1, 000 male is 964.
Male
Female
Literacy Rate: Percentage of literate in the ULB is 87.3% and the rest 12.7 % is illiterate.
Child Population: The percentage of minor population in this ULB is 11.6%.
Decadal Growth: Table
Decadal growth of Baruipur Municipality: Year
Persons
Decadal variation
1901
1911
1921
4217
6375
5114
1931
6483
1941
7130
1951
9238
1961
13608
1971
20501
1981
1991
2001
27081
37659
44964
Percentage of
Ratio per centum
variation
100.00
+2158
+51.17
151.17
-19.78
121.27
1261
+26.77
153.73
+1369
+9.98
169.08
+647
+2108
219.07
+29.57
+4370
322.69
+47.30
486.15
+6893
+6893
+6580
+7305
+50.65
642.19
+50.65
+32.10
+19.40
1.5.1 SOCIO- ECONOMIC CONDITION OF THE PEOPLE: 1.5.1.1 Economic base and major establishments: -
893.03
1066.26
The town is tossed with greeneries formed by fertile agricultural lands
resulting in agronomy-based economy. The lower belt of the town produces
ample paddy crops, many seasonal fruits, orchards and vegetables. One of its
yields includes jute also. Due to its rich soil structure supported by comparatively
heavy rainfall the agricultural produce of the land is quite reckonable. Baruipur is
well known for guava, lichi and more particularly for loquat, which is otherwise
found in Kashmir only. It has been developed into a major agricultural trading
center.
A considerable section of the people are associated with mainly two major
establishments;
garment
making
industry
and
manufacturing
surgical
instruments. Lokenath Cotton Mills was established in 1957, Krishna Glass
Industries on 1st January 1962 and Bhartia Industry on 31st December 1964.
Bengal Chemist and Druggist Association (B.C.D.A.) were established in 1967.
On 5th January 1958, the industrial town known as Piyali Town was founded
being inaugurated by the chief minister.
Table
Quick manual tabulation for economic census, 2005 of Baruipur municipality: Total number of Enterprises
Without
premises
With
premises
Agricultural
Non
agricultural
Total
Number of person usually
working
Male
Female
Total
161
628
05
784
778
1286
148
1434
Number of non hired
worker usually working
Male
Female
Total
Number of
enterprises
having ten
of
more
than ten
employees
816
07
88
904
Income group: Findings: The above figure shows
Income Ranges of the people at the Municipality
Level
that the majority of the people are
in the income range of Rs.5001Rs. 10000. The next majority of
2%
the people lie in the BPL range.
8%
The third majority goes to those
5%
23%
<1500
16%
1501-2500
2501-5000
5001-10000
23%
23%
10001-20000
>20000
Not Responded
who have not declared their income range. More opportunity of earning to
increase the living never the less, the situation demands standard of the people
of the municipal area. This can be done finding out the potentiality of economy of
the place and thereby having the introduction of local economic development
schemes in the area. Since the neighboring areas are mainly agricultural in
nature, certain policies for promotion of small-scale agro based industries would
be a better choice of the municipal authority.
These entire figures depict the fact that the majority of the people have their
income in the range of Rs.2501-Rs.5000 and a major fraction of the people is in
the BPL range. Hence an overall economic development is essential in planning
for the area.
POPULATION AS PER 2001 CENSUS, PRESENT POPULATION
S.No. Present Population
(as per 2001 Census)
44,964
Projected Population
Year
2006
2011
2021
2025
Population
52,943
71,000
98,000
1,11,000
Existing land use percentage of the municipality: BARUIPUR MUNICIPAL AREA
SL NO.
NAME OF ITEM
AREA
PERCENTAGE
1
RESIDENCIAL
6758897.00Sq.m.
74.508%
2
COMMERCIAL
145455.00Sq.m.
1.603%
3
CLUB
47189.00Sq.m.
0.520%
4
RELIGIOUS
63584.00Sq.m.
0.700%
5
OPEN SPACE
308327.00Sq.m.
3.399%
6
PARK
71816.00Sq.m.
0.791%
7
ORCHARD
804099.00Sq.m.
8.863%
8
EDUCATION AREA
23539.00Sq.m.
0.260%
9
PUB&SEMI PUB
117419.00Sq.m.
1.294%
10
WATER BODY
731453.00Sq.m.
8.062%
9071778.00Sq.m.
100.000%
Total
Ward wise land use pattern shows that ward no.-11 has the highest concentration of residential
units as high as 88.024% of overall area against 74.508% in municipal area. The %age of area
break-up of commercial set up is highest of 18.813% against 1.603% only in municipal area. It
reveals that the commercial units in the entire Baruipur area are located mostly in ward no.-13 only.
Educational institutions occupy maximum area of 1.243% against municipal standard of 0.26%.
Water bodies occupy maximum area of 14.39% in ward no.- 13 against municipal figure of 8.062%
only. These water bodies need to be preserved carefully. Open space is maximum 3.04% in ward
no.- 1 against around 3.4% in municipal area.