Louisiana History 1st 9wks Exam Study Guide Answers
Geography
1. Continents: North American, South American, Europe, Africa, Asia, Antarctica, and Australia
Oceans: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic (Also study their location on that world map we did in
the beginning of the year.)
2. Latitude measures north and south. Longitude measures east and west.
3. Physical geography is the study of landform, oceans, weather and climate. Ex. Mountains, oceans.
Cultural geography is the study of how people have interacted with, changed and adapted to
different places on earth. Ex. Christianity, Mardi Gras.
4. 24 time zones in the world. 6 time zones in the U.S. Louisiana is in central time.
5. Physical maps show features like bodies of water, mountains, depressions, volcanoes, etc. Political
maps show cities, states, boundaries, countries, etc.
6. Population density is the amount of population per square mile.
7. Cardinal directions: north, south, east, and west. Intermediate directions: Northeast, Northwest,
Southeast, and Southwest.
8. Elevation is how above or below a location is to sea level. New Orleans is about 7-8 feet below sea
level.
Natural Louisiana
1. Many industries were attracted to Louisiana because the raw materials they needed were
abundant.
2. Louisiana Regions: North, Central, Acadian, Florida Parishes, And Greater New Orleans. We live in
the Florida Parishes.
3. Largest city: New Orleans. Capital City: Baton Rouge. Oldest city: Natchitoches.
4. Barrier islands: coastal islands that aid in hurricane protection. Deltas: landform shaped by
sediment deposits at the mouth of a river or tidal inlet. Fault: fracture in the earth’s crust. Mud
lump: mound-like formations at the mouths of rivers caused by pressure from depositing
sediment. Spillways: manmade and created to divert water to prevent flooding. Brackish: fresh
water and salt water mixed together. Natural levees: strips of elevated land along the riverbank.
Coastal marshes: wet grasslands formed by river sediment deposited along the coast.
5. Gulf coast plain: low and flat region created by river sediment. Louisiana is the only state made up
entirely by the gulf coastal plain.
6. Hurricanes are measured using the Saffir-Simpson Scale. Strongest: category 5. Weakest:
category 1. Katrina was a category 3 when it hit Louisiana.
7. Areas south of Lake Pontchartrain, experienced catastrophic damage and people moved north of
Lake Pontchartrain after Katrina.
8. Hurricanes, ocean waves.
9. The eye wall is the most dangerous part of a hurricane. The eye is the “calm” of the storm.
10. Mississippi River begins in Minnesota and ends in the Gulf of Mexico. The sediment deposited by
the river formed most of the state.
11. Levee advantages: helps control flooding. Levee disadvantages: they can break and stops
sediment from depositing and creating land.
12. Most early Louisiana cities are located around water because of the resources in the water and
farming and irrigation.
13. Bird: brown pelican. Flower: magnolia. Tree: bald cypress.
14. Study Louisiana map and be able to locate major cities and waterways.
Native Americans
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Archeology: study of past human cultures. Hunter-gatherer: hunting and
searching for other food sources, such as nuts and berries. Midden: When discarded food, garbage
and artifacts pile up over a long period of time. Rampart: another word for a levee. Matriarchal: a
social and cultural system in which name and property is passed through the female.
Read Native American notes (focus on weapons, cultures, nomads, huntergatherers, artifacts, etc.)
Poverty Point is in West Carroll Parish near Epps. Archeologists believe it was
a giant trading center because they found artifacts made from materials not found in the area.
Reservations are parcels of land given to federally recognized tribes. They are
subject to Federal law.
Native American populations declined due to war and disease.
Prehistoric history end when the Europeans arrive. European began keeping
written records of their Indian observations.
The atlatl helped throw the spear farther and more powerful.
A nomad is someone who travels from place to place without a permanent
settlement. A hunter-gather is a person who survived by hunting and gathering food.