ARTICLES
Table S1 Main equations and default values used to calculate GHG emissions
Emission inventory*
Method
Equation
Default value
Annual change in organic carbon stocks
in mineral soils
Enteric fermentation emissions from a
livestock category
Tier 2
Equation 2.25
Tier 2
Equations 10.21, 10.3, 10.4, 10.6, 10.14, 10.15, and
10.16
D = 1 year; calculation to the depth
of 40 cm;
Ym= 6.5 %; Cfi = 0.370; Ca = 0; C =
1.0; DE % = 55 %;
CH4 emissions from manure management
Tier 2
Equations 10.22, 10.23, and 10.24
Bo = 0.1; MCF = 0.5 %;
N2O emissions from manure management
Tier 2
N2O emissions from managed soils
Tier 2
CO2 emissions from urea production
Tier 2
Equation 10.25 for direct emissions;
10.26, 10.27, 10.28, and 10.29 for indirect emissions;
Equation 11.1 for direct emissions;
11.8 for nitrogen mineralized in mineral soils;
11.9, and 11.10 for indirect emissions;
Equation 3.3
CO2 emissions from urea fertilization
Tier 1
Equation 11.13
EF3 = 0.01; FracGasMS = 45 %; EF4 =
0.01; FracleachMS = 5 %; EF5 =
0.0075;
EF1 = 0.01; EF4 = 0.01; EF5 =
0.0075; FracGASM = 0.2; FracLEACH-(H)
= 0.3;
TFR (GJ(NCV)/tNH3) = 37.5 %;
CCF (kg/GJ) = 15.3;
COF (ts CO2/tNH3) = 2.104;
EF (t of C/t of urea) = 0.20
*All calculations of GHG emissions from the agro-ecosystem were made according to the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.
Note: Cfi = a coefficient which varies for each animal category; Ca = a coefficient corresponding to animal’s feeding situation; DE% = digestible energy
expressed as a percentage of gross energy; Ym = methane conversion factor, percentage of gross energy in feed converted to methane; C = a coefficient
with a value of 0.8 for females, 1.0 for castrates, and 1.2 for bulls; Bo = methane-producing capacity of the manure; MCF = default methane conversion
factor; EF3 = emission factor for direct N2O emissions from manure management system; FracGasMS = percent of managed manure nitrogen for livestock
category T that volatilizes as NH3 and NOx in the manure management system S; EF4 = emission factor for N2O emissions from atmospheric deposition of
nitrogen on soils and water surfaces; FracleachMS = percent of managed manure nitrogen losses for livestock category T due to runoff and leaching during
solid and liquid storage of manure; EF5 = emission factor for N2O emissions from nitrogen leaching and runoff; EF1 = emission factor for N2O emissions
from nitrogen inputs； FracGASM = fraction of applied organic nitrogen fertilizer materials (FON) and of urine and dung nitrogen deposited by grazing
animals (FPRP) that volatilizes as NH3 and NOx, kg N volatilized； FracLEACH-(H) = fraction of all nitrogen added to mineralized in managed soils in
regions where leaching/runoff occurs that is lost through leaching and runoff；TFR = total fuel requirement for fuel type; COF = carbon oxidation factor of
the fuel type; CCF = carbon content factor of the fuel type; EF = emission factor.
???? et al. Chinese Science Bulletin | Jan??? 2009 | vol. 54 | no. ? | ?-?
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