Moreland Stormwater Management Plan: Vol 1 - The Strategy
Contents
Page Number
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Introduction
1
1.1
What is Stormwater Run-off?
1
1.2
Why Prepare a Stormwater Management Plan?
2
1.3
Purpose of the Moreland Stormwater Management Plan
2
Development of the Moreland Stormwater Management Plan
3
2.1
Methodology
3
2.2
Stakeholder Involvement
4
2.3
Risk Assessment Process
5
City of Moreland – Context
9
3.1
Location
9
3.2
Land Use and Development
9
3.3
Waterways
11
Stormwater Management Framework
14
4.1
Roles and Responsibilities
4.1.1 Statutory Authorities
4.1.2 Non-Statutory Bodies
14
14
15
4.2
Policies And Practices
15
Stormwater Values & Threats in the City of Moreland
17
5.1
Receiving Environment Values
17
5.2
Threats to Receiving Environments
5.2.1 Water Quality
5.2.2 Summary of Sources of Water Quality Threats
5.2.3 Priority Threats
20
20
22
25
Management Strategies
27
6.1
28
28
29
31
33
34
35
37
Issue Specific Strategies
6.1.1 Subdivision and Development
6.1.2 Residential Areas
6.1.3 Commercial Areas
6.1.4 Industrial Activities
6.1.5 Sewerage System
6.1.6 Roads and Car Parks
6.1.7 Structural Treatment Measures
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6.2
7.
General Management Strategies
6.2.1 Partnering
6.2.2 Planning/Development Assessment
6.2.3 Operations of Council and Other Agencies
6.2.4 Enforcement
6.2.5 Education
6.2.6 Water Quality Initiatives
6.2.7 Implementation and Review
39
39
40
43
44
45
47
48
Conclusion
50
7.1
Measuring Success
50
7.2
Monitoring and Review
51
7.3
Funding
51
List of Tables
Table 2.1:
Table 2.2:
Table 2.3:
Table 2.4:
Table 5.1:
Table 5.3:
Table 5.4:
Table 6.1:
Table 7.1:
The Stormwater Management Planning Process
Membership Information
Stormwater Values
Criteria for Ranking Values
Values of Receiving Environment in the City of Moreland
Common Threats to Stormwater
Summary of Key Threats
Timing for Strategies
Consolidated Actions Table
3
4
6
6
19
20
25
27
52
List of Figures
Figure 2.1:
Figure 2.2:
Figure 3.1:
Figure 3.2:
Figure 5.1:
Figure 5.2:
Figure 5.3:
Determining Risk
Determining Priorities
City of Moreland
Waterways in the City of Moreland
Stormwater Values in the City of Moreland
Stormwater Investigations (EPA) in the City of Moreland
Stormwater Threats in the City of Moreland.
5
8
10
13
18
23
24
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Abbreviations
ALDE
-
Association of Land Development Engineers
BCC
-
Building Control Commission
BPEM
-
Best Practice Environmental Management
CALP
-
Catchment and Land Protection Board
CICs
-
Catchment Implementation Committees
CMA
-
Catchment Management Authority
CRCCH
-
Cooperative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology
DNRE
-
Department of Natural Resources and Environment
DoI
-
Department of Infrastructure
EMS
-
Environmental Management System
EPA
-
Environment Protection Authority Victoria
ERS
-
Emergency Relief Structure
MAV
-
Municipal Association of Victoria
MCC
-
Moreland City Council
MCMC
-
Merri Creek Management Committee
MPCCC
-
Moonee Ponds Creek Coordination Committee
MWC
-
Melbourne Water Corporation
PIC
-
Plumbing Industry Commission
PPK
PPK Environment & Infrastructure Pty Ltd
PTC
-
Public Transport Corporation
SWMP
-
Moreland Storm Water Management Plan
UDIA
-
Urban Design Institute of Australia
VACC
-
Victorian Automobile Chamber of Commerce
VLGA
-
Victorian Local Governance Association
VSAC
-
Victorian Stormwater Advisory Committee
VSAP
-
Victorian Stormwater Action Program
VPP
-
Victoria Planning Provisions
WSUD
-
Water Sensitive Urban Design
YVW
-
Yarra Valley Water
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1.
Introduction
The Moreland Stormwater Management Plan (SWMP) provides a strategic
framework to protect stormwater quality throughout the municipality, thereby
protecting local and downstream waterways that receive stormwater run-off. The
SWMP has been developed in accordance with the Urban Stormwater Best Practice
Environmental Management Guidelines (Stormwater Committee, 1999), utilising an
integrated approach involving the various organisations having a role in stormwater
management. Volume 1 of the SWMP provides a summary of the key stormwater
issues in the municipality and recommendations on how to respond to these issues.
Volume 2 contains detailed background information to support the strategic
recommendations contained in Volume 1. The two volumes have been designed to
act as ‘stand-alone’ documents and therefore contain some similar sections where
appropriate.
The aim of the Moreland Stormwater Management Plan is to improve the
environmental management of stormwater in the City of Moreland in order to protect
and enhance local and downstream waterways that receive stormwater run-off. This
aim is supported by the strategies and actions contained in the SWMP.
The SWMP is a component of a long-term vision for the City of Moreland, which
includes water sensitive urban development. This comprises development in which
natural hydrological features are retained, water sensitive urban design principles
are consistently utilised, and water conservation and recycling technologies are built
into buildings and homes.
1.1
What is Stormwater Run-off?
Our cities are characterised by extensive areas covered by hard, impervious
surfaces, such as bitumen, concrete and buildings. This aspect of urbanisation has
major and far-reaching effects on local hydrology. In particular, much less water can
be absorbed by soils and there is less vegetation to use and retain run-off. As a
result of increased amounts of urban run-off during storm events, flooding and
overloading of the sewerage system can occur. The potential for the incidence of
urban flooding to increase in the future also needs to be assessed in light of such
factors as ageing infrastructure, urban intensification and climate change.
The traditional response to managing stormwater run-off was to focus primarily on
the efficient conveyance of stormwater away from urban environments. This focus
on stormwater conveyance has serious consequences on environments receiving
stormwater run-off. Effects include increased scouring of streambeds and banks,
down-cutting of channels and loss of aquatic and riparian vegetation.
In addition, the activities and land uses occurring in the urban environment release a
range of pollutants that are efficiently transported by stormwater run-off to receiving
environments. Common pollutants include heavy metals and oils from major roads,
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sediments from building and construction sites, and various contaminants from
household related activities (including paint residues, dog faeces and litter). While
individually these contaminants may not have significant impacts, their cumulative
effects are serious threats to the quality of waterways.
In contrast to the traditional approach to stormwater described above, the current
focus of stormwater management is on measures to store and retain stormwater,
trap and remove gross pollutants, and improve the quality of stormwater discharged
to receiving waterway environments. Furthermore, stormwater is increasingly
recognised as a valuable resource that has the capacity to be harvested, thereby
reducing the overall amount of stormwater run-off as well as reducing demands on
water supply reservoir.
1.2
Why Prepare a Stormwater Management Plan?
The City of Moreland has a frontage to many waterways, including the Merri,
Moonee Ponds, Edgars and Merlynston Creeks. In addition to performing important
drainage functions, these waterways provide the community with a range of other
values, including the provision of habitats for a variety of plant and animal species,
recreational opportunities, sites of cultural significance, and increased market value
of adjacent properties. These waterways and their associated values have the
potential to be seriously degraded by stormwater run-off.
Council has a long-standing commitment to natural resource conservation and
environmental protection, including the rehabilitation and maintenance of the local
waterways. In addition to actively supporting organisations such as the Merri Creek
Management Committee and the Moonee Ponds Creek Coordination Committee,
Council has already developed a number of strategies that either directly or
indirectly address issues related to the quality of local waterways (see Section 4.2).
The SWMP is a key initiative of Council that strengthens and builds on these
existing strategies. Importantly, the SWMP is part of a metropolitan wide program
initiated in 1998 by Melbourne Water, EPA and MAV to facilitate the improved
environmental management of stormwater through development of stormwater
management plans by councils across the greater Melbourne area.
1.3
Purpose of the Moreland Stormwater Management Plan
The purpose of the Moreland Stormwater Management Plan is to:




identify current responsibilities, practices, procedures and obligations for
stormwater management in the City of Moreland;
identify the main values of receiving water environments and the main threats
contributing to poor water quality;
articulate objectives to protect and enhance water quality; and
outline strategies aimed at protecting and improving the quality of stormwater
and receiving water environments.
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2.
Development of the Moreland Stormwater
Management Plan
The Moreland Stormwater Management Plan (SWMP) has been prepared in
accordance with the methodology contained in the Urban Stormwater Best Practice
Environmental Management Guidelines (Stormwater Committee, 1999), henceforth
referred to as the Guidelines.
2.1
Methodology
The preparation of the SWMP entailed a three-phase process:
The first phase of the project involved meeting with key stakeholders, data
collection, and field inspections.

The second phase focused on the identification of the environmental, amenity,
economic, hydraulic and cultural values of the waterways, and the land use
activities posing a threat to these values. An assessment and ranking process
of this information was then undertaken to confirm the key threats to stormwater
receiving environments and establish priorities for addressing those threats.

The final phase of the project involved the identification of management options
to address prioritised stormwater quality issues, including actions,
responsibilities and timing.

The process is summarised in Table 2.1 below.
Table 2.1: The Stormwater Management Planning Process
Stage
Consultation
Stage 1: Preliminary Activities
1.
Establish commitment to the project
2.
Agree to project framework and scope
3.
Define problems and information requirements

Stakeholder briefing



Interview stakeholders
Undertake site inspections
Stakeholder workshop to discuss issues

Working group meeting to confirm values
and threats

Stakeholder workshop to review priorities
and potential actions
Stage 2 Risk Assessment
1.
Identify stormwater threats
2.
Identify values of receiving environments
3.
List stormwater issues/activities in order of
importance (i.e., threat x value = priority)
Stage 3 Development of Stormwater Management Plan
1.
Consider strategy options to address priority
risks
2.
Develop list of recommendations based on cost
effectiveness, capability, opportunity
3.
Establish responsibilities, costs and review

Working group meeting to review
recommendations
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2.2
Stakeholder Involvement
PPK Environment & Infrastructure was commissioned by Council to develop the
Moreland Stormwater Management Plan in close consultation with Council,
Melbourne Water, and Environment Protection Authority Victoria (EPA). Council’s
Conservation Planner was responsible for overall project management and final
editing of the document. A number of other organisations were involved in the
preparation of the SWMP, including the Merri Creek Management Committee and
the Moonee Ponds Creek Coordination Committee.
Overall development of the SWMP was directed by a Steering Committee consisting
of representatives of Council and a representative of Melbourne Water. Regular ongoing input and feedback to the SWMP was provided by the project Working Group.
The individuals involved in these groups are presented in Table 2.2.
Table 2.2: Membership Information
Steering Committee Members (in alphabetical order)
Mr Peter Brown, Director City
Mr Chris Chesterfield,
Ms Lisa Gervasoni, Policy & Projects
Works
Melbourne Water
Officer
Mr Fred Harrington, Manager
Ms Rosemary Kerr, Councillor
Ms Nancy Krause, Conservation
Environmental Engineering
Responsible for Recreation &
Planner & SWMP Project Manager
Leisure
Mr Adrian Robb, Director City
Ms Leigh Snelling, Councillor
Strategy
City Strategy Portfolio
Working Group Members (in alphabetical order)
Mr Paul Buxton, Urban Planning
Mr Dennis Gazelle, Team
Mr Fred Harrington, Manager
Team Leader
Leader Local Laws
Environmental Engineering
Ms Lisa Gervasoni, Policy &
Ms Nancy Krause,
Mr Chris LoPiccolo, Infrastructure
Projects Officer
Conservation Planner &
Assets Co-ordinator
SWMP Project Manager
Mr Michael Morgan,
Mr David Taylor, Melbourne
Environmental Health Officer
Water
Workshop Participants (in alphabetical order)
Mr Brian Bergan, Building
Mr Paul Buxton, Urban
Mr Chris Chesterfield, Melbourne
Surveyor
Planning Team Leader
Water
Mr Robert Davies, PPK
Mr Tony Faithful, Merri Creek
Mr Dennis Gazelle, Team Leader
Management Committee
Local Laws
Ms Lisa Gervasoni, Policy &
Mr Fred Harrington, Manager
Mr Les Horvatch, Unit Manager
Projects Officer
Environmental Engineering
Street Cleaning
Mr Richard Jennings,
Ms Ann Kirwan, Pentridge
Ms Nancy Krause, Conservation
Conservation Team Leader
Project Co-ordinator
Planner and SWMP Project
Manager
Mr Brett Lane, PPK
Mr Chris LoPiccolo,
Ms Lisa McLeod, EPA
Infrastructure Assets
Coordinator
Mr Michael Morgan,
Mr Gavan O’Neil, Moonee Ponds
Environmental Health Officer
Creek Coordinating Committee
Mr Alistair Phillips, Open Space
Mr Craig Pierce, Senior Traffic
Mr Greg Sharpley, PPK
Planning & Design Unit Leader
Engineer
Mr Craig Smith, PPK
Mr David Taylor, Melbourne
Ms Barbara Mitrevski, PPK
Mr Bill Vasiliadis, VicRoads
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Water
Ms Kellie Watson, Litter &
Waste Education Officer
2.3
Risk Assessment Process
The SWMP was developed using a risk-based approach, which involved assessing
the risk or likelihood of losing significant values of receiving waterway environments
due to the impacts of stormwater pollution and increased stormwater flows. The risk
of losing values as a result of these stormwater related threats depends on the scale
or severity of the threat and the sensitivity of the receiving environments to that
threat. The aim of this process was to identify areas where the risk of damage is
greatest. This process is represented in Figure 2.1
Figure 2.1: Determining Risk
Threat
Value
from stormwater pollution or
flows:
- scale or severity
- likelihood or frequency
of receiving environment:
- sensitivity; and
- significance
Threat x Value
RISK
of losing environmental/amenity value
The risk assessment process is based on the approach prescribed in the Guidelines
(Stormwater Committee, 1999), involving the following components:






undertaking field investigations, literature reviews and discussions to identify
discrete reaches along the main waterways and catchments to define
‘investigation’ areas;
undertaking field investigations, literature reviews and discussions to identify
values along the waterways;
identifying potential threats (i.e., activities and actions that do or could have an
impact on stormwater quality);
confirming the threats and values with stakeholders;
considering the transmission efficiency of the drainage system to identify the
potential likelihood and ease that a potential threat could impact on stormwater
values (i.e., how readily a contaminant could be transported into the
waterways);
ranking the threats and values on a scale of high, medium and low and
confirming these values with stakeholders;
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

correlating the threats and values to identify the levels of risk on a scale of high,
medium and low; and
transferring the risks to priorities (e.g., 1=high, 2=medium and 3=low) and
confirming these priorities with stakeholders.
As discussed above, the protection and enhancement of waterway values is the
overriding objective of the SWMP. For the purposes of the SWMP, waterway values
are grouped into five categories, as indicated in Table 2.3.
Table 2.3: Stormwater Values
Value
Environment
Amenity
Economic
Hydraulic
Cultural
Category
Examples
Physical
Natural stream profile, stable stream banks
Ecological
Stands of intact remnant vegetation, large habitat area
Recreation
Areas where people can walk, cycle, picnic or play sport
Landscape
Areas that are acknowledged for their picturesque landscape
Indirect
Areas that add value to adjacent properties such as suburban lakes,
parks and recreational facilities
Flood
Protection
Areas that provide an important drainage function and provide
protection from flooding
Significance
Areas that contain sites which have been recorded as being of
cultural and heritage significance (Aboriginal and European)
One of the first steps in the risk assessment process involved assessing receiving
water environments to identify their associated values. The ranking criteria utilised
in this assessment are listed in Table 2.4. It should be noted that the assessment
of cultural values was limited in scope as it is based on recorded sites, which are
low in number. The Moreland City Plan (Municipal Strategic Statement) identifies the
need for additional strategic work to be undertaken to increase the level of
knowledge of cultural heritage sites in the municipality.
Table 2.4: Criteria for Ranking Values
Value
Environment
(physical)
Environment
(ecological)
Amenity
(recreation)
Amenity
(landscape)
Ranking Criteria
H:
Natural channel and stream form and native riparian vegetation
M:
Modified channel stream form and scattered riparian vegetation
L:
Concrete lined channel and little or no riparian vegetation
H:
Intact stand of remnant vegetation and important fauna habitat
M:
Intact vegetation corridor linking fauna habitat areas
L:
Little or no habitat value
H:
Community open space/parks within the stream corridor area with high
levels of use
M:
Linear reserves with bike/walking paths contained within the stream
corridor
L:
No public access or recreation facilities within the stream corridor
H:
Open space with vegetation cover within the stream corridor area
M:
Linear reserves with some vegetation contained within the stream
corridor
L:
Limited reserve and vegetation cover within the stream corridor
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Value
Economic
Hydraulic
(flood
protection)
Cultural
Ranking Criteria
H:
Significant value adding to adjoining private property
M:
Positive impact on value adding to adjoining property
L:
Neutral or negative impact on property values to adjoining property
H:
High levels of flood protection provided by the reach’s stream and
floodplain and/or flood management assets.
M:
Moderate levels of flood protection provided by the reach’s stream and
floodplain and/or flood management assets
L:
Low levels of flood protection
H:
Sites within the waterway corridor assessed as having high educational
or cultural/heritage significance in research reports
M:
Other identified cultural/heritage or educational sites documented
L:
Surveyed sites with no cultural/heritage or educational values or
unsurveyed sites with only potential heritage values.
The identification of threats was another key component of this stage of the risk
assessment. Threats were assessed in terms of whether they would result in
sedimentation (e.g. sand and soil), litter (e.g. rubbish and dumping), nutrients (e.g.
fertilisers), pathogens (e.g. sewage and bacteria), toxicants (e.g. herbicides,
pesticides, petrol and oil), de-oxygenating material (e.g. leaf matter) and changes in
flow (e.g. increase in the volume and velocity of stormwater).
The next phase of the risk assessment process involved reviewing the identified
stormwater-related threats in order to determine the potential risks to the values of
receiving environments and priorities for management responses. The main
considerations in this phase were:



the transmission efficiency of drains carrying the pollution or flow threats;
the significance of receiving water values; and
the sensitivity of those values to the threats identified.
This process of determining priorities is illustrated in Figure 2.2.
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Figure 2.2: Determining Priorities
Source: Urban Stormwater Best Practice Environmental Management Guidelines, Stormwater Committee (1999)
Notes:
1. Where the Potential threat is M and the Drainage systems efficiency is H, the Actual threat is M (not
H) –
Source Pat Condina (pers. com.)
2. Where the Actual threat is M and the Receiving water system values is H, the Risk and Priority is M
(not
H) Source Pat Condina (pers. com.).
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3.
City of Moreland – Context
The City of Moreland was formed in 1994 following the amalgamation of the former
Cities of Coburg, Brunswick and part of the former City of Broadmeadows. This
section provides an overview of the key physical characteristic of the municipality.
For further details refer to Volume 2.
3.1
Location
Located in Melbourne’s northern region, the City of Moreland has an area of
approximately 51 square kilometres, and is bounded by the Merri Creek and
Elizabeth Street to the east and the Moonee Ponds Creek to the west. Park Street,
Brunswick forms the City’s southern boundary, and the Western Ring Road forms
the northern boundary.
3.2
Land Use and Development
The City of Moreland's population in the year 2000 was estimated to be 137,055
people. The municipality is largely developed with a diverse pattern of land use.
The area south of Moreland Road is characterised by a mixture of residential,
industrial and commercial land use. The central and northern areas of the
municipality are principally residential, except for the major retail centres of Glenroy
and Coburg, and significant areas of manufacturing industry in North Coburg and
Fawkner (Moreland Municipal Strategic Statement, 2000). Strip shopping, office
and other commercial activities are particularly concentrated along Sydney Road,
Lygon Street and Melville Road. Major areas of open space in the municipality
include the Northern Golf Course and Northern Memorial Park in Glenroy, Gilpin and
Clifton Parks in Brunswick, and significant tracts of linear open space along the
Merri Creek and Moonee Ponds Creek.
Figure 3.1 shows the key physical characteristics and land uses of the City of
Moreland.
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Figure 3.1: City of Moreland
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3.3
Waterways
As a developed urban municipality, the City of Moreland has a well-established
drainage system. Stormwater is collected via various sizes of drains and pipes and
ultimately discharged into one of the open waterways in the municipality. Sydney
Road broadly divides the City of Moreland into two main drainage catchments. The
eastern section drains to the Merri Creek, while the western section drains to the
Moonee Ponds Creek.
In total, the Merri Creek is about 80 kilometres long and the catchment drains an
area of slightly less than 400 square kilometres. Prior to entering the City of
Moreland, the creek flows between the Cities of Whittlesea and Hume. The Merri
Creek is joined from the east by Central Creek in Reservoir, then by the Merlynston
Creek north of Carr Street in North Coburg. The Merri Creek then flows into Coburg
Lake and, between Newlands Road and Murray Road, is joined by the Edgars
Creek.
The Moonee Ponds Creek is another of the northern tributaries of the Yarra River,
with a catchment covering an area of 139 square kilometres. After entering the
urban fringe, the creek flows through the suburbs of Glenroy, Pascoe Vale,
Strathmore, Essendon, Brunswick, Ascot Vale, Kensington and North Melbourne.
Moonee Ponds Creek joins the Yarra River at Appleton Dock. The majority of the
creek’s length along the western boundary of the municipality has been altered for
flood management purposes. The most significant change to the Moonee Ponds
Creek occurred in the 1960s with the construction of the Tullamarine Freeway. As a
result of freeway construction works, the creek was realigned in three sections and
concrete-lined from upstream of Pascoe Vale Road to Mt Alexander Road.
The management of the stormwater system, waterway corridors and their
components involves a variety of agencies. Melbourne Water manages the
waterways and associated beds and banks, and owns some related land beyond the
banks. Council and neighbouring councils (Darebin, Hume, Moonee Valley and
Melbourne) manage open space land beyond the top of the stream banks, which are
often held as reserves. EPA has a regulatory role through the development and
administration of policies, including State Environment Protection Policies. The
Yarra Catchment Implementation Committee has a role under the Catchment and
Land Protection Act. The Merri Creek Management Committee and Moonee Ponds
Creek Coordination Committee are involved in assisting with the management of the
waterway corridors, although they have no statutory powers or responsibilities. All
are important stakeholders within the spectrum of waterway corridor management.
The main waterways in the City of Moreland are shown in Figure 3.2. To facilitate
the development of targeted management strategies, stormwater receiving
environments were segmented into locations based on similarities with respect to
their environmental characteristics, the form of the waterway at that location, and the
type of surrounding land use. These segmented locations (i.e. subcatchments) are
illustrated in Figure 3.2. Furthermore, the Moonee Ponds and Merri Creeks were
divided into the following reaches:
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a)
Reaches of the Moonee Ponds Creek:
MO1 - from the Western Ring Road to Devereaux Street, Glenroy;
MO2 - Devereaux Street to Pascoe Vale Road, Pascoe Vale;
MO3 - Pascoe Vale Road to Morrow Street, Pascoe Vale South;
MO4 – Reynard Street to Moreland Road; and
MO5 - Moreland Road to Park Street.
b)
Reaches of the Merri Creek:
ME1 - Mahoneys Road to Hare Street, Fawkner;
ME2 - Hare Street to Bakers Road, Coburg North;
ME3 - Bakers Road to Bell Street, Coburg; and
ME4 - Bell Street to May Street, Brunswick East.
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Figure 3.2:
Waterways in the City of Moreland
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4.
Stormwater Management Framework
Melbourne Water is the regional drainage authority and therefore plays a major role
in stormwater management. Council also plays an integral role in stormwater
management as the provider and manager of the local drainage system. There are
a number of other State Government agencies and local organisations that are
stakeholders in stormwater management. This section provides a summary of these
stakeholders and their activities, as well as a summary of existing initiatives that are
in place to assist in the management of stormwater in the City of Moreland. Further
details are included in Volume 2.
4.1
Roles and Responsibilities
4.1.1
Statutory Authorities
Those with key responsibilities for stormwater management in the City of Moreland
include the following:
Moreland City Council (Council) – Council has maintenance responsibilities for
local drains (generally catchments <60 hectares), and is responsible for waste
collection, litter control, street cleansing, park maintenance and associated activities.
It is also primarily responsible for undertaking forward planning and administering
development control through planning permit assessment, building permit
assessment and local laws.
Melbourne Water Corporation (Melbourne Water) – Melbourne Water has
responsibility for managing regional drainage and flood mitigation (generally
catchments >60ha), waterway management, water quality protection and the
consideration of planning matters referred under Section 55 of the Planning and
Environment Act (1987).
Environment Protection Authority Victoria (EPA) – EPA is responsible for the
protection of the quality of Victoria’s environment through the administration of the
Environment Protection Act (1970), the development of State Environmental
Protection Policies, enforcement and the establishment of programs to encourage
the use of best practices in achieving required environmental standards. It is also
responsible for administering the Victorian Stormwater Action Program.
Department of Infrastructure (DoI) - DoI is responsible for developing the State
planning system and policies, including the framework in which councils develop
and implement their own planning schemes. In addition, it incorporates the Office of
Local Government, Building Control Commission, and is responsible for the planning
and coordination of major infrastructure, including transport (through agencies such
as VicRoads and the Public Transport Corporation).
Victorian Stormwater Advisory Committee (VSAC) – Formerly known as the
Stormwater Committee, VSAC was established in 2000 to guide the implementation
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of the Victorian Stormwater Action Program, including the allocation of $22.5m to
councils over three years (1999/2000 – 2001/2002) for urban stormwater projects.
Yarra Catchment Implementation Committee – The committee is one of five
catchment implementation committees established by the Catchment & Land
Protection Board across the Port Phillip Region. Its function is to implement the
Yarra Catchment Action Plan (1999), which addresses issues including water
pollution, loss of native vegetation, waterway degradation, soil degradation and
flooding issues across the catchment.
4.1.2
Non-Statutory Bodies
Merri Creek Management Committee (MCMC) – An incorporated association,
MCMC is a voluntary collaboration between key agencies along the Merri Creek
corridor which, through the employment of staff, seeks to add value to the
management efforts of its members. Formed in 1989, its primary purpose is to
ensure the environmentally sensitive development and maintenance of the Merri
Creek and adjoining catchment areas.
Moonee Ponds Creek Coordination Committee (MPCCC) – MPCCC is currently
an unincorporated association operating according to a Memorandum of
Understanding between signatory parties, including Council. MPCCC focuses on
promoting the restoration and revegetation of the Moonee Ponds Creek corridor.
4.2
Policies And Practices
Key legislative requirements, policies and practices that have direct and/or indirect
impacts on stormwater management in the City of Moreland include the following:
Victoria Planning Provisions (DoI, 2000) – The Victoria Planning Provisions form
the basis of all planning schemes, including the Moreland Planning Scheme,
through the identification of standard zones, overlays, provisions and definitions. It
also addresses strategic planning issues of State importance. Section 15 of the
State Planning Policy Section (SPPF) includes a policy regarding the protection of
water quality.
State Environment Protection (Policy Waters of Victoria) (Vic Govt, 1998) Developed by the EPA under the Environment Protection Act (1970) the SEPP
seeks to protect water quality across the State. It includes a number of schedules,
including Schedules F6 and F7, which prescribe objectives and standards for water
quality in Port Phillip Bay and the Yarra catchment respectively. Specifically, the
schedules require relevant agencies (including councils) to ensure that
contaminants in run-off, including litter, are prevented from adversely affecting
beneficial uses.
Port Phillip and Westernport Regional Catchment Strategy (Port Phillip CALP,
1998) - The strategy is a major mechanism through which the CALP Board
continues to supply advice to the State Government on the condition of land and
water in the region. The strategy includes an action to develop and implement the
Stormwater Initiative and complete stormwater management plans for all councils in
the metropolitan area by 2003.
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Yarra Catchment Action Plan (EPA, 1999) - The plan identifies the Merri Creek
subcatchment as one of six priority sub-catchments for action. It also generally
identifies the need for stormwater management plans.
Best Practice Environmental Management Guidelines for Urban Stormwater
(Stormwater Committee, 1999) - Developed by Melbourne Water and the
Stormwater Committee, the Guidelines establish stormwater quality objectives to
assist in determining the level of stormwater management necessary to meet the
SEPP (Waters of Victoria) requirements. The Guidelines also include a methodology
for councils to follow in developing stormwater management plans.
Moreland Planning Scheme (Moreland City Council, 2000b) - Developed in
accordance with the Victoria Planning Provisions, the new scheme includes state
planning policies, local planning policies, a municipal strategic statement, as well as
land use zone controls and overlay provisions (including Environmental Significance
Overlays for Moonee Ponds and Merri Creeks). The local section incorporating the
Municipal Strategic Statement and Local Policy identifies long-term directions for
land use and development in the City of Moreland, including protecting water quality
and the overall amenity of waterway environs. While the scheme contains a number
of provisions that refer to stormwater related issues, there is no overall policy
relating specifically to stormwater.
Standard Permit Conditions – Council has adopted a suite of standard planning
permit conditions (refer to Volume 2 for details), several of which relate to
stormwater matters, including stormwater drainage requirements, requirements for
oil and silt traps and lot drainage requirements. However, there are no specific
stormwater conditions.
Local Laws - Council has developed a number of local laws including those relating
to the use of public places, littering, responsible animal management and the
removal of dog excrement from public places (see Volume 2 for details). However,
there are no specific stormwater laws, nor any relating to sediment control or off-site
impacts of construction.
Moreland Litter Trap Action Plan (Allison Partners, 1998) – Commissioned by
Council, the plan includes an analysis of the sources of litter within the municipality
and the structural litter trap measures that should be implemented to reduce litter
loads to the Moonee Ponds and Merri Creeks.
Moreland Waste Management Strategy (Moreland City Council, 1998e) – The
strategy outlines a plan for the improved management and reduction of solid wastes.
It stresses the importance of preventing litter from entering waterways and
recommends a range of measures to minimise wastes in the municipality.
Moreland Litter Strategy (Moreland City Council, 1997c) – The strategy was
prepared within the broad framework of Victoria’s Litter Reduction Strategy and is a
‘Council and Community Plan for reducing litter’ in the City of Moreland. It
recommends a range of measures to reduce littering.
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5.
Stormwater Values & Threats in the City of
Moreland
Effective stormwater management requires an assessment of waterway values and
the stormwater related threats to those values in order to identify the greatest risks
and priorities for future action. The following provides a summary of the stormwater
values, threats and priorities in the City of Moreland. Further details are contained
in Volume 2.
5.1
Receiving Environment Values
In order to develop strategies to protect and enhance the values of receiving water
environments, the key values of receiving environments were identified and ranked
according to the significance of their attributes. The identification of values is based
on information collected during the preliminary stages of the project. A detailed
discussion of this information is included in Volume 2.
It is important to identify the full range of values associated with stormwater
receiving environments so that appropriate management techniques can be
developed to respond to the needs of specific areas. To aid in the assessment,
values have been grouped into the five following categories: environmental,
amenity, economic, hydraulic and cultural values (presented earlier in Table 2.3).
It should be noted that in this exercise values were assessed as a current snap shot
of existing conditions and that changes to values over time are recognised as
inevitable. This means that while potential values (i.e. future values) cannot be
estimated or assessed here, they are by no means ignored or discounted. Instead,
it is recognised that an essential element of the future review of the SWMP will be a
re-consideration of values (and threats) to take into account a contemporary picture
of elements which constitute the risk assessment process. That contemporary
assessment of values will be key to determining appropriate actions and their priority
in the future review of the SWMP.
Moonee Ponds and Merri Creeks are the ultimate receiving waters within the City of
Moreland, as the other waterways in the municipality are tributaries which flow into
these creeks. The values both within and along the creeks vary considerably, as
demonstrated in Figure 5.1 and Table 5.1.
Those areas identified as having the highest level of significance include:

Westbreen Creek generally adjacent the Northern Golf Course in Glenroy;

Merri Creek generally between Parker Reserve and Bell Street;

Jackson Reserve and Edgars Creek; and

Merlynston Creek generally adjacent to Wallace Reserve, Glenroy.
In addition to high amenity and economic values, each of these locations is
considered to have either high environmental or cultural values.
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Figure 5.1: Stormwater Values in the City of Moreland
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Table 5.1: Values of Receiving Environment in the City of Moreland
Overall Significance
Rating
Cultural
Flood Protection &
Drainage
Economic
Amenity (recreation)
Enviro (ecological)
Enviro (physical)
Reach Number*
RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT LOCATIONS
Amenity (landscape)
VALUES
MOONEE PONDS
Moonee Ponds Ck & environs, from Western MO1 M
Ring Rd to Railway Bridge
M
L
M
M
M
L
M
Kingsford Smith Ulm Reserve & environs
MO1 M
M
H
H
H
M
L
M
Moonee Ponds Ck & environs, from
Kingsford Smith Ulm Res to John Pascoe
Fawkner Res
MO2 M
M
M
M
M
M
L
M
John Pascoe Fawkner Reserve & environs
MO2 M
M
H
H
H
M
L
M
Moonee Ponds Ck & environs, from John
Pascoe Fawkner Res to Oak Park
MO2 M
M
L
L
M
M
L
M
Oak Park and environs
MO3 M
M
H
H
H
M
L
M
Moonee Ponds Ck & environs, from Oak
Park to Bell Street
MO3 L
L
L
L
L
H
L
L
Northern Golf Course & environs
MO3 M
H
H
H
H
M
L
H
KW Joyce Reserve & environs
MO3 M
M
H
M
H
M
L
M
Austin Crescent Res & environs
MO3 M
M
M
M
M
M
L
M
Moonee Ponds Ck & environs, from Reynard MO4 M
Street to Moreland Road
M
M
M
M
M
L
M
Moonee Ponds Ck & environs, from
Moreland Road to Park Street
MO5 L
H
L
L
L
H
L
M
Moomba Park & environs
ME1
M
M
H
H
H
M
L
M
Merri Creek & environs, from Moomba Park
to Parker Res
ME2
M
H
M
H
M
M
L
M
Parker Reserve and environs
ME2
M
M
H
H
H
M
L
M
Merri Creek & environs, from Parker Res
(Keady St) to Bell St (including Coburg
Lake)
ME3
M
H
H
H
H
H
M
H
Jackson Reserve and Edgars Ck environs
ME3
M
M
H
H
H
M
H
H
Edgar’s Ck & environs, from Jackson Res to ME3
Carrington Rd
M
M
M
M
M
M
L
M
Merri Ck & environs, Bell Street to St
Georges Road
ME4
M
M
M
M
M
M
L
M
Merlynston Ck & environs, north to
Boundary Road
ME3
L
L
L
L
L
M
L
L
Fawkner Crematorium and Memorial Park
environs (Merlynston Creek)
ME3
M
M
L
M
M
M
L
M
Northern Memorial Park & environs
(Merlynston Creek)
ME3
L
L
L
L
L
M
L
L
Wallace Res & environs (Merlynston Ck)
ME3
M
H
H
H
H
M
L
H
MERRI CREEK
Note: H = High significance, M = Moderate significance, L = Low significance
*See Section 3.3 and Figure 3.2 for key to reach numbers and associated map.
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5.2
Threats to Receiving Environments
5.2.1
Water Quality
Considerable water quality monitoring data has been gathered for Melbourne’s
waterways which indicates that water quality is adversely effected by stormwater
run-off from urban areas. With respect to the Merri and Moonee Ponds Creeks and
their tributaries, water quality data has principally been collated by EPA, Melbourne
Water and community groups. Examples of common stormwater related threats,
their sources and impacts are presented in Table 5.3.
Table 5.3: Common Threats to Stormwater
Category
Impacts
Typical Sources
Typical Components
Pathogenic organisms
Closure of beaches,
human infection, illness
and disease
Sullage, sewer
overflows, animals
Faecal coliforms,
bacteria, viruses
Oxygen depleting
substances
Low dissolved oxygen,
odours, stress to
aquatic life
Sullage, sewer
overflows, animal
wastes, grass and leaf
litter
Organic matter
Toxicants including
metals and salts
Bio-accumulation,
death of aquatic life
Cars, car parks, roads,
processing industries,
spills, atmospheric
deposition
Pesticides, herbicides,
petroleum products,
lead, zinc
Sediment, including
suspended solids and
turbidity
Muddy water, siltation,
smothering of aquatic
life
Stream erosion,
construction sites,
roads, sand transport
Silt, sand, gravel, clays
Litter
Mainly visual, interferes
with aquatic life
Commercial areas, fast
food outlets, plant
debris
Paper, plastic, leaves,
dead vegetation
Nutrients
Promotes plant and
algal growth, bluegreen algal blooms
Sullage, sewer
overflows, animals,
STP discharges
Phosphorus and
nitrogen
Flow
Increased volume or
velocity of flows can
scour or erode
receiving waters.
Increased freshwater
volumes can affect
estuarine or marine
environments.
Increased stormwater
runoff
Volume, frequency,
velocity
Source: Pat Condina & Associates, as presented in Stormwater Committee (1999).
5.2.1.1 Merri Creek
EPA has monitored one site on the Merri Creek at Cole Street, Coburg and two sites
on the Moonee Ponds Creek at Bent Street in Essendon and in Devereaux Street,
Oak Park. All sites have failed to meet the SIGNAL score requirements set-down in
Schedule F7 of the SEPP for the Waters of Victoria (EPA, 2000). The SIGNAL
index is a biotic index that uses the sensitivity of families of aquatic invertebrates to
various types of pollutant as a guide to waterway health.
There have been more than eleven studies completed on water quality in the Merri
Creek system. These include one-off snapshots of the health of the waterway, as
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well as reports based on long-term monitoring over several years, with a focus on
physio-chemical rather than biological aspects. The Merri Creek and Environs
Strategy (Merri Creek and Environs Steering Committee, 1999) provides an
overview of the studies, including Mitchell and Dunn (1993) and others. The
strategy indicates that non-point sources of pollution (including urban run-off) are
dominant contributors to stormwater pollution in the creek and highlights the
following:





high levels of heavy metals exist in both Merri and Edgars Creeks;
concentrations of nutrients remain high throughout Merri Creek, with the
Craigieburn Treatment Plant likely to be a major source;
organic pollution has reduced over the past twenty years, but there still appears
to be parts of Merri and Edgars Creeks that receive some organic pollution;
salinity levels in parts of the Merri Creek often exceed EPA’s objectives (it is not
known if this is a natural feature of the catchment or a result of rising water
tables); and
turbidity, and possibly suspended solids, periodically exceeds EPA objective
levels.
Finlay, McGann and Roy (1997) undertook a study of the entire length of Merri
Creek and concluded that water quality in the Merri and Edgars Creeks generally
declines downstream along the waterways. Much of the decline was attributed to
changing land use, with upper catchment agricultural areas having high nutrient
problems, the ‘industrial areas’ of the stream corridor, particularly around
Campbellfield, demonstrating a rise in heavy metal pollution, and the lower
residential areas showing some problems possibly associated with inadequate
sewerage disposal and diffuse source pollution via the stormwater system. The
upper parts of Merri Creek in the City of Moreland are impacted heavily by industrial
development within the neighbouring City of Hume. This issue has received
particular attention in the City of Hume’s Stormwater Management Plan (Hume City
Council, in prep.).
Finlay, McGann and Roy (1997) also identified a number of Melbourne Water drains
known as sources of pollution, including:

Ainslie Road and Somerset Road Drains (heavy metal pollution); and

Campbellfield Creek Diversion Drain/Fawkner East Drain.
5.2.1.2 Moonee Ponds Creek
Water quality data for Moonee Ponds Creek has been collected since 1977 at a site
adjacent to Mount Alexander Road. The data indicates that the water quality has
improved, particularly for E-Coli and BOD (biological oxygen demand) levels. This
improvement has been attributed to the implementation of the sewering program.
While this is a positive outcome, the creek is still subject to a number of threats.
The most recent study (Pettigrove and Ho, 1996) describes a number of water
quality issues along Moonee Ponds Creek, including high heavy metal
concentrations in sediments and high nutrient levels. In particular, the creek had
extremely high levels of cadmium and chromium. The source of these high levels is
unknown and requires further investigation. Possible sources contributing to the
heavy metal loads include road run-off, the historical uses of the area (such as by
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the electro-plating industry), leaking sewers, and old landfills (for example, Kingsford
Smith Ulm Reserve).
5.2.2
Summary of Sources of Water Quality Threats
The City of Moreland is an almost fully developed urban area with a small number of
known point sources of pollution, mainly from industrial areas. It suffers from many
non-point (diffuse) sources of stormwater contamination generated from a range of
activities and land uses. The most common stormwater threats in the City of
Moreland are associated with the following:

Major land subdivision and development activities

Building and construction activities

Other agency operations

Concrete industry

Operation of sewerage system

Industrial areas

Residential areas

Major roads

Commercial operations

Council operations
The following two figures map locations in the municipality where stormwater threats
have been identified - Figure 5.2 identifies EPA investigation areas associated with
pollution events and Figure 5.3 indicates the location of a range of threats in the
municipality identified through the SWMP risk assessment process. A
comprehensive list of threats is provided in Volume 2.
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Figure 5.2: Stormwater Investigations (EPA) in the City of Moreland
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Figure 5.3: Stormwater Threats in the City of Moreland.
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5.2.3
Priority Threats
Stormwater threats to the values of receiving water environments were prioritised
through the risk assessment process outlined in Section 2.3. This process is based
on the Urban Stormwater Best Practice Environmental Management Guidelines
(Stormwater Committee, 1999). The highest priority threats in the City of Moreland
are depicted in Table 5.2.
Table 5.4: Summary of Key Threats
Activity
Impact
Location
Development
Sediment into drains
Pentridge (ME3)
Riverwalk (MO1)
Gowanbrae
(MO1)
Increase in impervious area and resultant
increase in stormwater run-off flows
All reaches
Building
Increase in impervious area and resultant
increase in stormwater run-off flows
All reaches
Operation of Sewerage Systems
Illegal connections to stormwater system
All reaches
Leaking or damaged sewers (nutrients)
All reaches
Sewer overflow structures (emergency
relief structures)
All reaches
Storage of drums/other materials near
drains
ME3
Motor vehicle industry repairs
ME3
Uncontained on site spills
ME3
Residential
Invasive weeds
All reaches
Roads
Construction or reconstruction of roads
All reaches
Resealing works: lack of clean-up, excess
material often washed into drainage
system
All reaches
Use of major roads by heavy vehicles
All reaches
Car parking facilities
All reaches
Disposal of cigarette butts
ME3
Disposal of fast food waste
All reaches
Disposal of ATM receipts
All reaches
Existing street trees which are categorised
as environmental weeds
All reaches
Application of fertilisers etc. to major open
space areas
All reaches
Industrial
Commercial
Council Operations
The assessment indicates that the City of Moreland experiences similar problems
facing other municipalities in the inner to middle ring suburbs of Melbourne. The
opportunity to respond effectively to stormwater pollution is constrained by a
developed urban environment where floodplains have historically been alienated for
various forms of development, thus limiting opportunities for stormwater treatment
wetlands. In addition, as the City of Moreland is a substantially developed
municipality, there are only limited opportunities to utilise the planning scheme and
planning conditions to regulate development and improve stormwater outcomes.
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Common to many of the threats identified in the risk assessment process is a lack of
general awareness of the stormwater system and its management. The operation of
the urban stormwater system is largely invisible because most stormwater is
collected and transported to waterways by an established underground drainage
network. As a result, there is a poor level of understanding of the threats posed to
stormwater quality and the impact of those threats on waterway environments.
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6.
Management Strategies
As discussed in the previous section, the water quality of the main waterways within
the City of Moreland is generally considered to be poor to moderate due to the
impacts of a range of urban run-off contaminants. As a result, the emphasis of the
SWMP is on recommended actions that address known problems in the expectation
that their introduction will mitigate negative impacts on water quality.
The SWMP incorporates a number of strategies to address priority stormwater
threats in the municipality. These strategies are grouped into two broad categories:


Issue Specific Strategies, which target specific land uses and activities; and
General Management Strategies, which apply generally to stormwater issues
throughout the municipality.
Each strategy is supported by an objective and an associated suite of actions
designed to achieve the objective. This includes details on responsibilities and
estimated costs. Each action is assigned a priority level from the list of priorities
contained below in Table 6.1.
Table 6.1: Timing for Strategies
Rank
Priority
Timing
1
High
Commence implementation immediately, preferably before the end of
2001/2002.
1+
High
Commence implementation immediately, preferably before the end of
2001/2002 and then on an ongoing basis.
2
Medium
Commence implementation in the short term, preferably before the end of
2002/2003.
2+
Medium
Commence implementation in the short term, preferably before the end of
2002/2003 and then on an ongoing basis.
3
Low
Commence implementation in the medium term, preferably before the end of
2004/2005.
3+
Low
Commence implementation in the medium term, preferably before the end of
2004/2005 and then on an ongoing basis.
Indicative costings have been identified for most actions. However, there are
circumstances where an action could be part of or combined with another action in
the SWMP. These actions have been cross-referenced to avoid the duplication of
costs. There are also instances where actions are part of existing programs,
strategies and commitments and are funded by other means. They are identified as
follows:

n1 - Negligible cost and funded through existing operational budget.

n2 - Funded under other programs (Litter Strategy, Drainage Strategy etc).

n3 - Existing commitment funded from within existing operating budget.
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6.1
Issue Specific Strategies
The SWMP incorporates a number of strategies that specifically target the following
land uses and activities:

Subdivision and development;

Residential areas;

Commercial areas;

Industrial activities;

Sewerage system;

Roads and car parks; and

Specific structural treatment measures to address particular problems
associated with land uses and activities.
6.1.1
Subdivision and Development
Context
As the City of Moreland is a heavily developed urban municipality there are limited
opportunities for new major developments. There is, however, some major new
redevelopment in the City and many smaller infill developments associated with
former school sites, past industrial land uses and dual occupancy developments.
Social and demographic change in the City of Moreland is generating pressure for
redevelopment of older established areas. The average size of households (people
per dwelling) in the municipality is declining, resulting in more intensive development
in order to accommodate a static or marginally increasing population. Increased
volumes of stormwater run-off generated by increased impervious areas have also
been identified as one of the most significant threats to stormwater quality in the City
of Moreland.
Infill development and redevelopment can collectively result in considerable
construction activity that, if not properly managed, can significantly impact
stormwater quality. The risk assessment process has identified the potential for
sediments to enter drains from development and redevelopment in the municipality.
The former Pentridge Prison site, Riverwalk Estate and Gowanbrea have been
identified as particular areas of concern. In addition to sedimentation, other
problems can result due to poorly managed building sites, including cement and
building litter being released into the stormwater system.
Careful planning and management is required to minimise the negative impacts of
construction on stormwater quality. Increased awareness of the potential impacts of
construction activity, supported by appropriate controls (for example, planning and
building controls and local laws), will assist in addressing problems associated with
subdivision and development.
While management programs should be targeted at larger redevelopment sites,
attention should also be directed at minimising the impacts of building and
construction related activities on stormwater quality across the whole municipality in
order to address the collective impacts of numerous smaller development projects.
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Objective
To incorporate stormwater protection measures in the planning, design and
construction phases of subdivision and development activity, so as to minimise
adverse impacts on the quality of stormwater and receiving water environments in
the City of Moreland.
Strategy
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
Educate Council staff involved with the
development and building industry on Best
Practice Environmental Management techniques
(BPEM) for stormwater through training courses
etc.
MCC
EPA
1+
N3
D2
Develop an ‘applicants’ guide explaining BPEM
& WSUD, the approvals process and where
further information can be obtained on best
practice stormwater management, and an
assessment guide for use by Council staff.
MCC,
MWC
DoI
1+
See
ED4
D3
Encourage & facilitate the adoption of water
sensitive urban design subdivision practices and
BPEM by developers and consultants.
MCC
MWC, DoI
1+
See
ED4
PLG4
D4
Require all new developments to incorporate the
principles of best practice stormwater
management in their design.
MCC
MWC &
landowner
s
1+
n3
D5
Require a stormwater management plan for all
major subdivision and development applications.
The SWMP should address both the
construction and operational phases.
MCC
MWC,
EPA, DoI &
landowner
s
1+
See
PLG1
D6
Introduce a local law to control wastes,
sedimentation and other discharges from
construction sites.
MCC
EPA
1+
See
ENF5
D7
Lobby the MBA, HIA, and Painters Association
to develop a code of practice for proper site
management practices and disposal of building
related wastes from construction sites.
MCC
MBA, HIA,
MAV
1
n1
D8
Undertake regular inspections of development
sites to ensure compliance with local laws and
planning permit conditions.
MCC
EPA
1+
n3
D9
Facilitate demonstration projects including best
practice stormwater management techniques.
MCC
MW
2+
n1
No.
Action
D1
6.1.2
Residential Areas
Context
While established residential areas are not considered to be a significant source of
stormwater contamination, the growth of home help and domestic service industries
has focussed attention on their potential contribution to stormwater pollution.
Domestic service industries include carpet cleaning, roof cleaning, garden
maintenance, and car repair and servicing. Some of these activities use chemical
cleaning and lubricating agents and many operators are unaware of the impact that
discharge of wastes to stormwater can have on receiving water environments.
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In addition, simple everyday activities in residential areas can have cumulative
impacts on local waterways. For example, car washing on the streets or paved
driveways can generate significant quantities of detergents and associated nutrients
for transport to local waterways. Other pollutants identified as threats from the
residential sector include dog faeces, weed seeds from domestic gardens, dust from
brick cutting, and wastes from paint brush cleaning disposed to the stormwater
system instead of the sewer.
Lawn clippings, exotic leaf litter and pruning products can also generate large
amounts of organic material, with some material having the potential to enter the
stormwater system and affect downstream water quality. Organic material (twigs,
grass clippings and leaves) makes up the largest proportion (about two-thirds) of
gross pollutants carried by stormwater (Allison et. al., 1997). These materials
contribute significantly to the biological oxygen demand in receiving waters (Wong,
Breen and Lloyd, 2000).
At certain times of the year much of the vegetative material entering the stormwater
system is from leaf litter contributed by exotic trees. In an older municipality such as
the City of Moreland, with street tree plantings of London Planes and other exotic
trees, this can cause impacts on the nutrient load transported to receiving
waterbodies during autumn. The size of the problem is currently not well defined
(see Allison, 1996). In addition, vegetative material also carries weed seed. Of
particular concern is the transport of Desert Ash seed, which is a serious weed
invading waterway riparian zones. The parks and open spaces (as well as many
private properties) in the municipality contain Desert Ash trees of a mature age,
each producing large quantities of seed capable of being transported to stream
banks.
The narrow width of many older streets and laneways in the municipality (such as
those founds in parts of Brunswick) can create difficulties for the efficient collection
of garbage and recyclables, with consequent impacts on the generation of litter and
its carriage into the stormwater drainage network.
Objective
To raise the awareness of the issues associated with stormwater and its
management in order to facilitate positive behavioural changes and an overall
decrease in impacts on receiving water environments from the residential sector.
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Strategy
No.
Action
R1
Develop initiatives to encourage the installation
of household water tanks to collect stormwater
for on-site use.
R2
Respons
ibility
Cost
Est.
Support
Timing
MCC,
YVW
MWC
1+
See
ED2
Publicise information regarding littering and
responsible pet ownership in local
newspapers.
MCC
-
2+
See
ED2
ED16
R3
Engage the Carpet & Upholstery Association
of Australia to develop a code of practice for
the proper disposal of liquid wastes by mobile
carpet and upholstery cleaners.
MCC
MAV,
VLGA,
MWC
2
$5k
R4
Investigate the introduction of a local law to
prohibit the washing of vehicles in the street
and on sealed driveways.
MCC
EPA
1
See
ENF5
R5
Investigate the preparation and distribution of
appropriate information to the community that
discourages vehicle washing on
driveways/streets and the hosing-down of
driveways/paths.
MCC
MAV,
EPA
1+
See
ED2
ED16
R6
Develop initiatives to encourage the
establishment and use of appropriate
centralised car washing facilities in the
municipality as an alternative to washing cars
on the street.
MCC
car
washing
industry
1+
$10k
6.1.3
Commercial Areas
Context
The major threats to stormwater quality from activities in commercial areas in the
City of Moreland arise from issues such as litter, run-off from car parking areas,
spillages from private and public rubbish bins and rubbish dumping. In particular,
the Sydney Road and Lygon Street commercial areas are key locations where these
types of problems occur due to the nature and density of development. Common
problems include the failure to regularly empty commercial rubbish skips,
inappropriate storage of goods (including cooking oils and wastes) at the rear of
commercial premises and display of goods on footpaths where packaging and other
materials can find their way into the stormwater system. Furthermore, these areas
are heavily trafficked by motor vehicles and pedestrians. Pollution from vehicles,
spills from waste collection activities and poor waste management practices by
shopkeepers can result in pollutants entering the stormwater system through local
drains.
Stormwater threats can be minimised through improved community (including
residents, shoppers, traders and waste transporters) awareness, supported by the
appropriate design and location of litterbins and stricter regulation. While it is
important to implement these programs in all commercial areas, they should focus in
particular on major commercial areas (such as Lygon Street and Sydney Road), and
on those activities identified through the risk assessment process as posing the
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greatest threats, including the disposal of cigarette butts, fast food wrappers and
ATM receipts. It should be noted that many of these issues are also addressed in
Council’s Waste Management Strategy and Litter Strategy.
Objective
To minimise the adverse impacts of commercial activities on stormwater quality in
the City of Moreland.
Strategy
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
Develop and promote car park redevelopment
/ construction guidelines that reflect BPEM and
WSUD.
MCC
MWC
1+
$5k
C2
Continue to encourage major fast-food stores
in the municipality to become involved in litter
reduction strategies (refer to Moreland Litter
Strategy).
MCC
EPA
1
n2
C3
Continue to implement the Moreland Litter
Strategy and ensure that cigarette butt
receptacles are available at shops at Glenroy
S/C (Melways 16G2), Pascoe Vale Rd (16K9),
Lygon St (29K8-9), Sydney Rd (29G-H).
MCC
Shop
owners,
trade
association
s
1
n2
C4
Advocate for the MAV and VLGA to lobby
banks to further improve facilities and practices
to reduce ATM-receipt litter (refer to Moreland
Litter Strategy).
MCC
MAV,
VLGA
1
n2
C5
Investigate the development of a planning
permit condition or local law to require
businesses to empty commercial waste bins so
they do not overflow.
MCC
MAV,
EPA
2+
See
PLG8
C6
Promote “environmentally friendly” shops in
Council’s newsletter.
MCC
-
2+
See
ED2
C7
Review litterbin design and location to
maximise usage and minimise spills.
MCC
-
1
$10k
C8
Encourage the provision of cigarette butt
receptacles in general commercial areas
where people congregate (for example,
outside major shops and offices) (refer to
Moreland Litter Strategy).
MCC
business
operators
& owners
2
n2
C9
Develop and distribute to shop owners
information that discourages the placing of
commercial wastes in street bins and the need
to dispose of floor-waste properly, rather than
by sweeping to the street.
MCC &
EPA
-
2
See
ED12
No.
Action
C1
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6.1.4
Industrial Activities
Context
A number of stormwater threats have been identified in the industrial areas of the
City of Moreland, including Trade Place, Newlands Road and the Bakers Road area,
all in North Coburg. In particular, poor waste disposal and storage practices can
have an adverse impact on stormwater. The major threats are generally associated
with discharges from the motor vehicle repair and concrete industries. Spills
associated with automotive repair activities (such as those around Bakers Road)
result in oil and solvents being washed into the stormwater network. Other
important issues include poor disposal of waste products (oils, etc), spillages and
illegal dumping. These threats are often found in areas where small groups of
small-scale industrial businesses have established and where site management
practices are not well implemented.
The promotion of improved environmental practices within industrial areas,
supported by enforcement activities, will aid in reducing the impacts of industrial
related activity on stormwater quality. While such programs should be implemented
in all industrial areas, they should target the North Coburg industrial area and focus
on priority threats (including storage of drums near drains, discharges from the
automotive repair industry and control of spills).
Objective
To prevent poor waste disposal practices and the off-site discharge of contaminants
from industrial premises to stormwater in the City of Moreland.
Strategy
No.
Action
I1
Develop an education campaign with the
automotive industry to ensure vehicle-washing
facilities are discharged to sewer.
I2
Respons
ibility
Cost
Est.
Support
Timing
MCC
EPA,
MAV, auto
industry
1+
See
ED3
Require drainage infrastructure in all new
industrial development sites to be fitted with
gross pollutant and litter traps to minimise
contaminated discharges to stormwater, and
require their maintenance.
MCC
MW
1+
See
PLG8
I3
Undertake a study to confirm the levels of
cadmium, chromium, zinc, lead and copper in
the Moonee Ponds Creek and identify sources.
MWC,
EPA
-
3
n1
I4
Establish a formal communication protocol with
the MCMC and MPCC to ensure that Council
is notified of spills reported to these
organisations.
MCC,
MCMC,
MPCCC
-
1
$5k
I5
Investigate running an information seminar for
industries identified as posing threats to
stormwater quality in the municipality (with
representatives from the EPA).
MCC
EPA
1
$5k
I6
Promote the use of EPA Bunding guidelines.
EPA
MCC
2+
n3
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Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
Require bunding around materials storage
areas in new industrial developments to avoid
potential run-off contamination.
MCC
EPA, MWC
2
See
PLG8
I8
Investigate options for Council to coordinate or
facilitate the cleaning of private litter traps in
targeted areas.
MCC
EPA,
landowner
s
3
$5k
I9
Negotiate with EPA to investigate industrial
sites (especially in North Coburg) exposed to
risk of chemical spillage from poor storage
practices and inadequate bunding, and other
preventative measures to avoid stormwater
pollution.
EPA,
MCC
-
2
$5K
I10
Negotiate with EPA to investigate motor
vehicle repair industry premises (especially in
North Coburg) demonstrating poor site
practices causing stormwater pollution.
EPA,
MCC
-
2
$5K
No.
Action
I7
6.1.5
Cost
Est.
Sewerage System
Context
The metropolitan sewerage system is designed to quarantine and treat sewage in a
safe manner, without adverse impact on the environment. Damaged sewers or
illegal connections of stormwater pipes to the sewerage network can result in
detrimental releases to the environment and can exacerbate wet weather sewer
overflow problems, which ultimately impact on the health of receiving waters.
Already the Merri Creek Basin has the highest number of wet weather spills within
Melbourne’s sewerage system, primarily from Yarra Valley Water’s system, but also
from Melbourne Water’s Merri Creek Main Sewer. The frequency of spills is not
compatible with EPA’s objectives articulated in SEPP Schedules F6 and F7 and the
Memorandum of Understanding with Melbourne Water. Given this, Melbourne
Water is undertaking investigations which may lead to a number of works (including
a possible Merri Creek Diversion Sewer) to address this issue. While it is
anticipated that any such works would relieve capacity problems and reduce spills
from their current levels, it would still be necessary to protect the wet weather
capacity of the sewerage system by ensuring that stormwater connections to sewer
are eliminated. This issue is typically more common in older residential areas. In
addition, there are isolated instances of connection of some household wastewater
to the stormwater system.
Objective
To minimise connections of stormwater to the sewerage system and consequent
potential for wet weather overflows to the waterways, and minimise instances of
household wastewater discharge to stormwater.
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Strategy
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
Monitor sewerage flows and overflow
structures to ensure effective operation and
minimise spills to receiving environments.
YVW
-
1+
n1
S2
Develop a protocol to notify YVW of all sewer
overflows.
MCC
YVW
1+
n1
S3
Develop a State-wide education campaign to
raise awareness of issues associated with
illegal connection of household wastewater to
stormwater.
EPA,
MAV
YVW
1
See
ED7
Investigate source of sewage spill at the
confluence of Merlynston & Merri Creeks,
including ERS 167, 185, 225, 248 and 347.
YVW,
EPA
MCC
1
n3
S5
Investigate illegal stormwater/sewer
connections with respect to spills recorded in
Fawkner, Albion, Union and Gold Sts in
Brunswick, and between Munro and Bell Sts in
Coburg Nth (as per EPA and Council
complaints data).
YVW,
EPA
MCC
1
n3
S6
Consider the introduction of an amnesty (and
provision of advice) to residents with illegal
sewerage connections. Also consider the
imposition of fines for illegal connections after
the amnesty period finishes.
YVW
EPA,
MWC,
MCC, PIC
1
n1
S7
Develop an implementation plan for local
drainage schemes (as part of the Drainage
Strategy) for all areas not having underground
drainage.
MCC
-
2
n2
S8
Develop a Special Charges Policy to provide
the framework for the development of the
Drainage Schemes in S7 (above).
MCC
-
1
n1
No.
Action
S1
S4
6.1.6
MWC
MCC
MWC
Roads and Car Parks
Context
Roads are a significant source of stormwater pollution. In addition to the local road
network, the City of Moreland is traversed or bordered by some of Melbourne’s
major road links (including Sydney Road, Bell Street, the Western Ring Road and
City Link). The use and management of these transport links has implications for
stormwater management. Much of the oil, grease, sediment, litter, tyre rubber and
associated wastes that collect on roads are transported into the drainage system
and receiving environments, damaging the health of those environments, often with
cumulative detrimental effects. In addition, brake-sand used by trams can also be
washed into the stormwater system, with consequent impacts on receiving water
environments.
Council is committed to the continued development of an integrated transportation
system (see the Moreland Integrated Transportation Strategy), including achieving a
modal shift in transport to decrease negative environmental impacts associated with
some forms of transport. Reductions in use of the more intensive modes of
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transport (particularly automobiles) will ease some of the road related pressures on
waterways. It is also possible to reduce the incremental, cumulative effects of road
vehicle use through the improved design of roads, road verges, median strips and
carparks. Lack of available space for treatment measures in road verges, however,
is a significant constraint in highly developed areas like the City of Moreland.
Objective
To ensure that transport networks (e.g. roads) are designed, constructed and
maintained in a manner which seeks to minimise the transport of pollutants into the
stormwater system.
Strategy
Responsi
bility
Support
Timin
g
Cost
Est.
Review the Road Assets Management
Strategy (Part 9) and consider incorporating
WSUD techniques where possible.
MCC
-
1+
$20k
p.a.
T2
Require appropriate stormwater, litter,
sediment and oil retention features in the
design of major carparks (>20 bays) and roads
(working in conjunction with other existing
related Council strategies).
MCC &
developers
MAV,
EPA
1+
See
PLG8 &
C1
T3
Require BPEM for sediment control from road
construction sites (EPA Guidelines for Major
Roads) and include in construction
specifications.
MCC,
VicRoads
-
1+
See
PLG8 &
PAR6
T4
Investigate design and management
approaches to reduce toxicant and
hydrocarbon loads from roads and carparks.
MCC
VicRoads,
EPA
1+
n1
T5
Continue to encourage VicRoads’
implementation of Best Practice stormwater
management and WSUD techniques as part of
road design.
MWC, EPA
VicRoads
1
n1
T6
Investigate the use of porous pavements in the
design of new or resurfaced carparks on
basaltic clays.
MCC
EPA, MW
1
$20k
T7
Incorporate WSUD in Council’s Technotes.
MCC
1
n1
T8
Lobby VicTrack to clean up their land along
railway lines and install signs for illegal
dumping.
MCC
VicTrack,
EPA
2
n1
T9
Lobby tram companies to prevent brake-sand
from entering metropolitan drainage systems.
MCC,
MAV,
VLGA
PTC,
EPA,
MWC,
Tram
companie
s
2
n1
No.
Action
T1
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6.1.7
Structural Treatment Measures
Context
In circumstances where at-source controls and community education are only
partially effective in decreasing stormwater contamination, some structural response
will be required. A thorough assessment should be undertaken in order to most
effectively identify needs and develop a program of well-researched and cost
effective works. Structural stormwater treatment methods involve building structures
(such as litter traps, porous pavements or wetlands) to reduce run-off volumes or
remove pollutants after they have entered the stormwater system. While in some
cases structural treatment measures may be the most effective means of protecting
stormwater quality, other additional measures such as community education,
planning controls and/or changes to operational practices, should still be pursued to
address problems at their source.
In some cases, although there is evidence of pollutants entering waterways from the
drainage system, the source of these pollutants is unknown. Before structural
treatments are installed, it is necessary to first identify the source of pollutants to
ensure the most effective structural treatment measures are undertaken.
The intensely developed nature of the municipality limits the space available for
installation of stormwater protection treatments such as wetlands and sediment
ponds. Accordingly, it is critical that source control measures are adopted to
minimise the discharge of contaminants into the stormwater system.
Objective
To ensure that receiving water environments are protected from increased
stormwater flows and pollutants that have already entered the stormwater system
through the use of structural treatment devices.
Strategy
No.
Action
W1
Undertake an annual review of the
implementation of works recommended in the
Litter Trap Action Plan (Allison & Partners
1998). The adequacy of treatment devices
should be included in the review.
Seek incorporation of WSUD measures (such
as porous pavements, swales and possible
mini-wetlands) in land subject to development
as a result of the sale of former freeway lands.
Investigate the drainage network and the
installation of a litter trap at the pipe in the
vicinity of Trade Place which outlets to Merri
Creek.
W2
W3
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
MCC
-
1
n2
MCC
ParksVic
1
n1
MCC
-
1
$30k
(inc.
cost of
trap)
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No.
Action
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
W4
Investigate the installation of a litter trap at the
end of Norfolk Court, North Coburg.
MCC
-
1
$30k
Investigate options to treat and re-use run-off
from Hume Highway in Fawkner using
vegetated swales and detention ponds.
Investigate the opportunity to develop
appropriate innovative WSUD demonstration
sites in the municipality (for example, in
Council projects, in partnership with private
developers, at CERES, etc.).
MCC,
VicRoads
MWC
1
See
OPS10
MCC
MWC,
1+
n1
W7
Install litter baskets as per the Moreland Litter
Trap Plan (Allison & Partners 1998).
MCC
MWC
1+
n2
W8
Investigate opportunities for the development
of ephemeral wetlands in the Dallas Dv
retarding basin on the Merlynston Ck in the
City of Hume
MWC
Hume
Council
2
$15k
W9
Implement the following strategies from the
Moonee Ponds Creek Waterway Activity Plan
(MWC): strategies S2/4, S4/4, S5/4, S1/5,
S2/5.
Investigate installation of a continuous deflective
trapping system unit in Fisher Reserve for the
Glenlyon St drain (1450mm-diameter pipe).
Investigate opportunities to construct a wetland in
Moomba Park.
Investigate opportunities to construct a wetland in
Dunstan Reserve.
Investigate the source of pollutants to the Kingsford
Smith Ulm Reserve and Devereaux St Drains.
MWC,
MCC
-
2
$140k
MCC
-
2
$5k
MCC
MWC
2
n2
MCC
MWC
2
$5k
MCC
EPA,
MWC
3
$15k
W5
W6
W10
W11
W12
W13
(inc.
cost of
trap)
CERES,
Developers
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6.2
General Management Strategies
The SWMP incorporates the following strategies that apply generally to stormwater
management issues across the municipality:

Partnering;

Planning/Development Assessment;

Operations of Council and Other Agencies;

Enforcement;

Education;

Water Quality Initiatives; and

Implementation and Review.
6.2.1
Partnering
Context
There are many organisations and individuals that have a role in the management of
urban stormwater. As a result, there is a need to carefully identify organisational
responsibilities, coordinate management responses and capitalise on the expertise
that can be shared between organisations. This involves the establishment and
continued effective use of communication mechanisms within and between Council
and other relevant agencies to facilitate best practice stormwater management.
Many of the land use activities and associated stormwater quality issues in the City
of Moreland are not confined to the City of Moreland alone, but apply more generally
throughout much of the Melbourne metropolitan area. Council will continue to
advocate that these issues be addressed through peak bodies and agencies
(including EPA, DoI and Melbourne Water) operating at the State and regional
levels.
Objective
To establish a cooperative approach to stormwater management in the City of
Moreland between Council, Melbourne Water, EPA, other relevant agencies,
adjacent councils, the community and businesses.
Strategy
No.
Action
PAR1
Sign the “Stormwater Agreement”.
Work with MWC to ensure there is an effective
process for communication regarding the progress
of statutory referral matters, with clear
understanding of roles and responsibilities.
PAR2
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
MCC
MWC, EPA
1+
n1
MCC
-
1+
n3
MWC
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Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
MCC
EcoRecycl
e
1+
n3
Investigate cooperative arrangements with
adjoining councils for addressing regional
stormwater issues.
MCC
Adjoining
Councils
MWC
1+
n3
PAR5
Investigate the inclusion of information on
stormwater management, and waterway
protection and conservation in Council rate
notices.
MCC
-
2+
n1
PAR6
Seek co-operation from VicRoads, utilities and
public transport companies to develop and
agree to a set of construction standards to
reduce the impacts of works on water quality.
MCC,
VicRoads
MAV,
VLGA
2
$5k
PAR7
Work with nearby councils having similar
stormwater management needs (such as
Darebin and Moonee Valley) to jointly review
and adopt a legally confirmed suite of
additional planning permit conditions
addressing stormwater management issues.
MCC
MWC &
DoI
2
See
PLG8
PAR8
Work with nearby councils having similar
stormwater management needs (such as
Darebin and Moonee Valley) to jointly review
and adopt a legally confirmed suite of
additional local laws addressing stormwater
management issues.
MCC
MWC &
DoI
1
$10k
No.
Action
PAR3
Continue to be a member of Eco-Recycle’s
“Waste Wise” program and continue to
promote proper waste management practices.
PAR4
6.2.2
Respons
ibility
Planning/Development Assessment
Context
The planning process can play a leading role in achieving effective stormwater
management in relation to new developments requiring approval. This can be
achieved through recognition of stormwater as an issue in the Municipal Strategic
Statement, the clear articulation of policies in the Local Planning Policy Framework,
the application of appropriate zones and overlays and the assessment of
development applications.
While the Moreland Planning Scheme contains a number of provisions that refer to
stormwater related issues, there is currently no overall policy statement relating
specifically to stormwater, or for waterways and streams in general. Similarly,
Council’s suite of standard planning permit conditions does not include conditions
relating to sedimentation, run-off and litter control during the subdivision and
construction stages.
While planning can play an important role in stormwater protection, it cannot be
relied upon as the sole source of regulation. The ability to implement change
through the planning system is limited due to the substantially developed nature of
the municipality and the fact that many developments occur without the need for
planning permits. However, within these basic constraints, changes to the building
control system and the development and implementation of appropriate local laws
can assist in protecting stormwater from the impacts of construction. It is important
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to note, however, that while Council has the ability to introduce local laws, changes
to the building system and the State Planning Framework must be implemented by
the State Government.
Council officer contacts with builders and renovators provide an important
opportunity to raise the awareness of stormwater management issues during the
crucial building and construction phase. It is important, therefore, for Council staff to
be trained and educated in best practice stormwater management. In addition,
there are a number of annual and permanent building industry events and display
centres that can be used to educate owner-builders, renovators, and trades people
on best practice stormwater management.
Objective
To establish a framework that recognises and promotes best practice stormwater
management through effective statutory and strategic planning, the adoption of
coordinated assessment processes, and the establishment and implementation of
appropriate permit conditions.
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Strategy
Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
MCC
MWC,
EPA, DOI
&
landowner
s
1+
n3
Amend Moreland City Council’s Industrial
Development Policy (1996) to include stormwater
quality protection measures.
MCC
-
1
$10k
PLG3
Seek changes to relevant VPP Zones to
include Decision Guidelines requiring
consideration of best practice stormwater
management.
MWC,
EPA &
Councils
DoI
1
n3
PLG4
Encourage DoI to prepare a Practice Note
addressing best practice stormwater
management in new development.
MWC
DoI
1
n1
PLG5
Prepare a Drainage Strategy and Infrastructure
Contribution Plan, including a Drainage
Capability Study, and develop a series of
charges for additional infrastructure required
due to the pressures of development.
MCC
-
1
n3
PLG6
Formalise an internal protocol for the referrals
of planning permit applications for stormwater
management.
MCC
MWC &
EPA
1
n3
PLG7
Review and amend the MSS and Local
Planning Policy Framework of the Moreland
Planning Scheme to address the issue of
stormwater management.
MCC
MWC &
DoI
1
$20k
PLG8
Amend the suite of standard planning permit
conditions to specifically address stormwater
issues and to require effective environmental
management, including the installation of
pollution control devices, sediment and litter
controls and associated measures where
appropriate.
MCC
MWC &
DoI
1
$10k
PLG
9
Identify strategic stormwater management
opportunities in public open space in the fiveyear review of the Moreland Open Space
Strategy (MOSS).
MCC
MWC
2
n2
PLG1
0
Identify strategic stormwater management
opportunities in the review of the Drainage
Strategy.
MCC
MWC
2
n2
PLG
11
Continue to seek changes to building
regulations to improve construction site
practices and seek amendments to EPA Act to
permit issuing of on-the-spot fines by Council
officers for offences generated by construction
activity.
MCC,
MAV,
VLGA
DoI, BCC,
EPA, CICs
1+
n1
PLG
12
Advocate for the MAV and VLGA to lobby the
State Government to strengthen Council
building approval and road opening regulatory
powers to address stormwater management
requirements.
MCC
MAV,
VLGA
2
n1
PLG
13
Introduce a local law to control wastes,
sedimentation and other discharges from
construction sites.
MCC
-
2
See
ENF5
No.
Action
PLG1
Develop guidelines for developers outlining
Council’s expectations regarding acceptable site
based stormwater management plans and require
such plans for all major subdivision and
development projects.
PLG2
Respons
ibility
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No.
Action
PLG
14
Investigate the introduction of a local law to
prohibit the washing of vehicles in the street
and on sealed driveways.
6.2.3
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
MCC
EPA
1
Cost
Est.
See
ENF5
Operations of Council and Other Agencies
Context
Council and service authorities have responsibility for a range of operations that can
have a direct impact on stormwater, including drainage, waste collection, street
cleansing, road maintenance and open space management. It is important that
these activities are conducted in a manner that minimises their environmental
impact and protects stormwater quality.
There are a range of methods by which Council can improve its operations in order
to avoid or reduce negative environmental impacts. A key opportunity in this regard
is through the training of Council’s operations staff, as well as staff in the contracts
administration areas (in order to facilitate the identification of water quality related
issues as part of the specification development stage). This training can be
implemented through Council’s induction program for new employees, as well as
through relevant specialised training courses.
Council also plays an important leadership role in the area of environmental
management. This leadership role involves promoting best practice techniques and
practices through a variety of methods, including innovative demonstration projects.
Objective
To ensure that Council and other public sector agencies operate in an
environmentally responsible manner that meets best practice stormwater
management objectives and outcomes, in order to avoid or minimise any potential
adverse impacts on stormwater quality in the City of Moreland.
Strategy
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
Continue to undertake a twice-yearly visual
litter assessment of litter hot spots based on
the photographic ranking method used by
MWC (refer to Moreland Litter Strategy).
MCC
MWC
1+
n2
OPS2
Educate Council officers (including Parks staff)
about the effect of fertilisers entering the
stormwater system.
MCC
-
1+
$5k
p.a.
OPS3
Review fertiliser use in open space areas
adjacent to waterways and recommend steps
to avoid or reduce nutrient input to waterways.
MCC
-
1+
$10k
No.
Action
OPS1
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Moreland Stormwater Management Plan: Vol 1 - The Strategy
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
Review existing plantings and progressively
replace street trees that are environmental
weeds with suitable species.
MCC
-
1+
n2
OPS5
Train Council’s contract staff in best practice
stormwater management concepts and their
integration into Council contracts.
MCC
-
1+
N3
OPS6
Incorporate the requirement to operate in an
environmentally responsible manner in all
Council contracts (including spill clean up,
reporting of chemical spills to EPA, notifying
Council of spills, correct disposal of surplus
cleaning water, stormwater protection for road
works and fertiliser application rates for open
spaces).
MCC
-
1
n3
OPS7
Ensure there is co-ordination and consistent
approaches to stormwater management
between functional areas of Council.
MCC
-
1
n1
OPS8
Lobby VSAC to develop a set of construction
standards to implement best practice
stormwater management.
MCC
VSAC,
MWC
2
n1
OPS9
Ensure that waste receptacle design and
handling procedures (including household
recycling crates) minimise the potential for
spills/littering (for example, preferably using
bins with lids).
MCC
EcoRecycl
e
1
n2
OPS1
0
Investigate options to treat and/or re-use
stormwater from Hume Hwy and other major
roads.
VicRoad,
MCC
-
3
n1
No.
Action
OPS4
6.2.4
Enforcement
Context
Both Council and EPA are responsible for the enforcement of a range of
environmental regulatory requirements. For Council, this includes planning permit
conditions, local laws and building regulations, while for EPA it includes State
Environmental Protection Policies and licences. Because enforcement activities
occur after the damage has already been done, the emphasis of any enforcement
program should be on discouraging the potential for future non-compliance. To
achieve desired environmental outcomes, it is critical that the appropriate mix of
education and enforcement activities be achieved.
Objective
To ensure compliance with statutory requirements and co-ordinate enforcement
activities between Council departments, EPA, other agencies and the community.
Strategy
No.
Action
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
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Cost
Est.
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Moreland Stormwater Management Plan: Vol 1 - The Strategy
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
Undertake regular inspections of development
sites to ensure compliance with local laws and
planning permit conditions.
MCC
EPA
1+
n3
ENF2
Advocate for the MAV and VLGA to pressure
State Government to increase fines for
dumping and cigarette butt littering (refer to
Litter Strategy).
MCC
MAV,
VLGA
1
n2
ENF3
Undertake inspections in industrial areas to
ensure compliance with EPA, Trade Waste
and Council requirements.
MCC,
EPA &
YVW
EcoRecycl
e
2+
$30k
p.a.
ENF4
Issue appropriate infringement notices as part
of Council’s “Litter Task Force” activity.
MCC
-
1+
n3
ENF5
Amend Council’s local laws to strengthen the
regulation of activities impacting stormwater
(including control of litter, wastes and erosion
from construction sites), and recommend
strengthening of other related State legislation.
MCC
EPA
1
$20k
ENF6
Monitor the need for additional staff to enforce
building, planning, and local law requirements
pertaining to stormwater management.
MCC
-
1
n3
No.
Action
ENF1
6.2.5
Education
Context
While individual actions on their own may have insignificant impacts on stormwater
quality, the cumulative effects of activities (such as littering, spillage of chemicals,
and vehicle washing) can have profound impacts. Raising general awareness of
key stormwater issues is fundamental to achieving effective stormwater
management. It is critical that education initiatives be targeted and include Council
staff, local schools, and the wider community.
Council is committed to environmental education and has achieved success in this
area with a range of initiatives. These initiatives include partnerships with the
private sector and close networks with Moreland schools and community groups.
For example, Council has supported CERES throughout its development as a
regional environmental education centre. CERES has a number of water and
stormwater related initiatives established on site, and additional opportunities are
currently being explored.
Council’s programs on energy and waste education through the highly successful
Footprints program provide a model upon which stormwater education in local
schools can be based. In addition, Council’s partnership with CitiPower provides
another example of a successful environmental educational program. Council has
worked with CitiPower over recent years to development the Sustainable Energy
House (located at CERES) as a valuable educational asset for the community. It is
important that these initiatives be built on and expanded to include stormwater
issues.
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Moreland Stormwater Management Plan: Vol 1 - The Strategy
Objective
To raise public awareness of stormwater issues, generate support for best practice
stormwater management, and encourage behavioural changes in the community to
avoid or minimise adverse impacts on stormwater quality in the City of Moreland.
Education Strategy
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
Increase community awareness of local laws
and planning requirements through a range of
approaches (including articles in Council’s
newsletter, incentive programs, etc.).
MCC
Community
1+
n3
ED2
Regularly publish stormwater quality tips and
management articles in Council’s newsletter
and local newspapers as part of a regular
column on the environment.
MCC
-
1+
n3
ED3
Develop an education campaign with the
automotive industry to ensure vehicle-washing
facilities are discharged to sewer.
MCC
-
1+
$5k
p.a.
ED4
Develop an ‘applicants’ guide explaining
BPEM & WSUD, the approvals process and
where further information can be obtained on
best practices stormwater management, and
an assessment guide for use by Council staff.
MCC,
MWC
DoI
1
$5K
ED5
Establish permanent and non-permanent
stormwater management displays at Council’s
offices and as part of special events.
MCC
EPA,
MWC,
CERES,
MCMC,
MPCCC
1
$10k
ED6
Support the establishment and development of
a Stormwater Quality Display at CERES.
MCC,
CERES
MW
1
$5k
ED7
Develop a state-wide education campaign to
raise awareness of issues associated with
illegal connection of stormwater to sewerage
and sewerage to stormwater.
EPA
YVW,
MWC,
1
n1
ED8
Continue to promote responsible dog
ownership in regard to waste disposal.
MCC
-
1
n3
ED9
Conduct a review of existing curriculum
material relating to stormwater, litter and water
quality to assess existing pool of resources
and identify gaps in existing materials.
MCC
-
1
$5k
ED10
Subsequent to the review of existing resources
(see ED9), seek funding from Melbourne
Water & EPA and facilitate the development of
new education materials focussing on
stormwater issues, to be integrated into
Council’s Footprints Program and, potentially,
used more widely throughout the Yarrra
Catchment.
MCC
MWC, EPA
1
$40k
ED11
Lobby Melbourne Water to investigate the
development of a video on stormwater quality
that can be used throughout the catchment in
conjunction with other curriculum.
MCC
MWC
1
n1
ED12
Incorporate information for improving
stormwater quality into all programs on waste
and litter reduction for business/commercial
properties (as part of the Waste Management
Strategy actions).
MCC
MWC, EPA
1
n2
No.
Action
ED1
MAV
MCC
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Moreland Stormwater Management Plan: Vol 1 - The Strategy
Support
Timing
Cost
Est.
MCMC,
MCC
MWC
1+
n1
Train Council’s operations staff in best practice
stormwater management techniques and how
their activities effect stormwater.
MCC
-
3+
$10k
ED15
Investigate opportunities for inter-Council
exchange of information about key stormwater
management issues (e.g., strategic planning,
local laws, building site management, litter
etc.) with a view to further expanding Council’s
stormwater expertise and skills.
MCC
Neighb’g
Councils
1+
$5k
p.a.
ED16
Prepare and distribute an A4 community
information brochure addressing the issue of
stormwater, its protection and the need for
responsible stormwater management.
MCC
MWC
1
$5k
ED17
Continue to develop the Sustainable Energy
House as a major regional educational facility
advocating and demonstrating best practice
environmental management techniques,
including stormwater and related issues.
MCC
-
1+
$5k
No.
Action
ED13
Continue to encourage local schools and
community groups to join WaterWatch and
incorporate WaterWatch data into Council’s
environmental monitoring and reporting
frameworks.
ED14
6.2.6
Respons
ibility
Water Quality Initiatives
Context
The existing data on water quality for metropolitan Melbourne waterways indicates
that water quality is adversely affected by stormwater run-off from urban areas. The
water quality of the main waterways within the City of Moreland is poor to moderate
due to the impacts of a range of urban run-off contaminants. Only by addressing
these known water quality problems can improvements be made to stormwater
quality. It is important that efforts continue to be directed at improving the
knowledge base relating to water pollutants and their sources. This knowledge is
critical to the development of appropriate and effective initiatives to improve water
quality.
There is scope for increasing the level of water quality monitoring undertaken in the
City of Moreland to assess progress made in water quality improvements (through,
for example, expanding the WaterWatch program).
Objective
To address identified water quality issues with specifically targeted actions and
resources, and to increase the knowledge base of the pollution sources impacting
on stormwater and water quality.
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Moreland Stormwater Management Plan: Vol 1 - The Strategy
Strategy
Responsi
bility
Support
Timing
Review and implement recommendations of
the Stream Health Assessment Report for
Merri Creek (Melbourne Water, in prep.) to
achieve improvements to in-stream ecosystem health, especially a reduction in metal
contaminants.
MWC
MCC
1+
$5k
p.a.
WQ 2
Investigate the feasibility of establishing
additional water quality monitoring sites on the
Merri and Moonee Ponds Creeks as part of the
WaterWatch program and linking of that
information to other data collected by MWC,
EPA and others.
MCC
MWC, EPA
& Adjacent
Councils
1+
$5k
p.a.
WQ 3
Continue current research projects in the
catchment of Edgars Creek to assist in the
identification of sources of stormwater and
waterway pollution (including toxicant
monitoring) and confirm nature and extent of
problems.
MWC
MCMC
2
n1
WQ 4
Complete the heavy metals study for Merri
Creek.
MWC
Seek
assistance
from uni’s
2
n1
WQ 5
Seek funding from State agencies to extend
the existing leachate monitoring program for
old tip sites identified in Council’s Site History
Survey report (Hyder, 1998).
MCC
EPA
2
n1
WQ 6
Undertake a study of heavy metals for Moonee
Ponds Creek.
MWC
EPA, Seek
assistance
from uni’s
3
n1
Following conclusion of prior studies above,
investigate benefits of conducting pesticide
and hydrocarbon surveys (taking into account
previous work on Edwards Lake and
Merlynston Creek).
MWC,
EPA
-
3+
n1
No.
Action
WQ 1
WQ 7
6.2.7
EPA
Cost
Est.
Implementation and Review
Context
The success of the SWMP rests in its ability to be implemented. While Council has
responsibilities for the provision and management of services across a range of
functional areas, it is only one of a number of agencies having a role in stormwater
management. Accordingly, implementation of the SWMP will require a partnership
approach between Council, Melbourne Water, EPA, other agencies, adjacent
councils, businesses and the wider community to ensure that stormwater quality is
improved and protected. It is important that organisations nominated in the SWMP
as having the lead role in implementing an action be assisted by those organisations
that are nominated in a support role.
To ensure that the SWMP strategies remain current and targeted, actions should be
audited annually, with a comprehensive review completed after three years,.
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Moreland Stormwater Management Plan: Vol 1 - The Strategy
Objective
To implement the SWMP in a cooperative manner and ensure that the SWMP
remains responsive to stormwater management issues as they change over time.
Strategy
Respons
ibility
Support
Timing
Appoint a council officer to oversee and
monitor on-going implementation of the
SWMP.
MCC
-
1+
$50k
p.a.
IMP2
Establish a “Stormwater Quality Committee”
(SQC) within Council, with meetings on a
quarterly basis to monitor progress of SWMP
implementation.
MCC
EPA
1+
$10k
p.a.
IMP 3
Identify potential funding sources and seek
grants to assist with the implementation of the
SWMP, including from:
 EPA (Cleaner Production);
 EcoRecycle (Waste Minimisation);
 Natural Heritage Trust - Enviro Works
(NHT);
 Victorian Stormwater Action Program; and
 DoI (Pride of Place).
Monitor the implementation of the SWMP
annually and review its strategic direction and
content every 3 years.
MCC
EPA,
EcoRecycl
e NHT,
DoI, MWC,
NRE Parks
Vic
1+
n1
MCC
MWC, EPA
3
$10k
No.
Action
IMP1
IMP 4
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Cost
Est.
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Moreland Stormwater Management Plan: Vol 1 - The Strategy
7.
Conclusion
By commissioning and adopting the SWMP, Council has strengthened its
commitment to improving and protecting local waterways and surrounding environs.
The SWMP provides a detailed strategy for effective stormwater management
throughout the City of Moreland, thereby complementing and building upon
Council’s existing environmental strategies and programs.
The challenge is for all stakeholders, including the general
together to implement the recommendations of the SWMP to
and enhancement of the important environmental, economic,
and hydraulic values of Merri Creek, Moonee Ponds Creek
tributaries.
7.1
community, to work
aid in the protection
recreational, cultural
and their respective
Measuring Success
Ultimately the success of the SWMP can be gauged by changes to water quality in
local waterways. In assessing these future changes the impacts of upstream and
adjacent councils must also be accounted for. The actions recommended in the
SWMP cover an array of issues and a range of Council functions and stakeholders,
including responsible agencies, community and industry groups, and the wider
community. The success of the SWMP can therefore be demonstrated by a diverse
range of outcomes, including:






Improved Management and Internal Coordination, as evidenced by regular
meetings of the Moreland Stormwater Quality Committee and the development
of implementation plans by those Council departments with accountabilities for
the SWMP’s actions.
Improved Urban Design, as evidenced by the increased use of water sensitive
urban design in new development projects.
Improved Development & Construction Practice, as evidenced by better site
environmental management and a reduction in the volumes of soil, litter,
particulates, and other wastes from construction sites entering the stormwater
system.
Ongoing Improvements in Community Awareness, as evidenced by reduced
littering and an increase in on-site detention and the re-use of stormwater.
Improved Commercial and Industrial Practice, as evidenced by reductions in
dumping, overflow of garbage bins and the accidental or deliberate discharge of
wastes and contaminated run-off to stormwater.
Improved Stormwater Quality discharged from the City of Moreland into the
Merri and Moonee Ponds Creeks and their respective tributaries.
The above provides a strong set of parameters through which the success of the
SWMP can be assessed. Council, in conjunction with the community, can take
these further by developing a set of key performance criteria against which the
implementation of the SWMP can be measured.
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7.2
Monitoring and Review
The SWMP provides a framework for achieving improved stormwater management
and details specific actions for implementation. While priority actions are identified in
the SWMP, it is envisaged that priorities will change over time due to changing
circumstances. Accordingly, Council and other stakeholders will regularly update
priority actions on an annual basis in accordance with budget planning activities,
with a comprehensive review of the SWMP undertaken in three years.
7.3
Funding
The implementation of the SWMP will require a substantial commitment in funding
by Council and other stakeholders. While the SWMP provides estimated costs to
implement the various actions, these will need to be considered in the context of
broader responsibilities and the ability of Council and others to access funds.
A summary of all actions recommended in the SWMP and their associated
estimated costs is presented in Table 7.1. In total, the allocation for implementation
of these actions over the 2001/02 – 2004/05 financial years is estimated as follows:
FY2001/02
$322,000
FY2002/03
$406,000
FY2004/05
$191,000
Various funding sources are available, most notably the State Government’s
allocation of $22.5 million over the next three years for urban stormwater projects.
Many actions recommended in the SWMP qualify for funding under this program
and it should be investigated as a source to support SWMP implementation. Other
sources of funding are available and should also be pursued, particularly where joint
funding opportunities exist under various programs (such as Pride of Place Funding,
Recreation Grants, and Infrastructure and Environmental Improvement Grants
through EPA, EcoRecycle, the DoI and other agencies).
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Table 7.1: Consolidated Actions Table
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