LEED Strategies
The following is a cumulative list of LEED strategies from which we feel are achievable objectives for the new U.S. Land Port of Entry for
Warroad, Minnesota. This list is a starting point that represents our current thoughts on achievable goals to reach a LEED silver rating. It will
change and evolve throughout the process as the design progresses. Tracking this evolution through each phase will assure that we are on
target for our goal. Listed below are the LEED sections and specific credits we feel are possible on this project as well as our initial strategies
on achieving these credits.
SUSTAINABLE SITES
SS Credit 4.2 Alternative transportation
Provide suitable means for securing bicycles with convenient changing and shower facilities for 5% of building occupant. We are currently
providing locker rooms and showers in the male and female restrooms. We only need to add bike rack to achieve this credit.
SS Credit 5.1: Site Development: Protect or Restore Habitat
Minimize construction intrusion into wetlands to the north of the site.
If required to gain wetlands credits, restore drain tile field to the northwest of the site to wetlands.
Bank credits for any construction intrusion on wetlands to the north of the site
Verify that some area of site can be restored.
SS Credit 5.2: Site Development: Maximize open space
Reduce development footprint (building, access, road) to exceed the local zoning’s open space requirement for the site by 25%.
Verify what local zoning and or nearest local zoning requirements are for this site. Reduce from this requirement.
SS Credit 6.1: Stormwater Design: Quantity and Quality Control
Site is surrounded by soils with low-percolation capacity and high-water table. Wetlands to the north of the site also require protection from
polluted site runoff water. Runoff from roads contribute large quantities of heavy metals (Lead, Copper, Chromium and Zinc), hydrocarbons
and small and large particulate matter to adjacent hydrological systems. Contaminants accumulate on road surfaces during dry periods, and
are picked up by the next rainfall and quickly moved to the storm water system. ‘First flush’ concentrations of pollutants can be very high,
especially after long periods with no rain or snow fall. Because of the high degree of variability in rainfall events (intensity, duration and
frequency) design of storm water treatment system must be designed to work for a wide range of loading rates.
Methods
Reduction of on-site storm water by use of permeable paving systems and reduction of impermeable surface on-site
‘First flush’ treatment of site runoff water before sending water off-site
Install concrete permeable paving system
Reduces annual runoff volume by 60 to 100 percent
Runoff water infiltrates into shallow groundwater, replicating predevelopment hydrology
Reduces nutrient and pollutant loads entering the storm water network
Permeable pavements will function for up to 20 years
Permeable systems must be constructed in areas free of disturbed soil and regularly maintained
Permeable paving systems require a regular maintenance regime of sweeping to keep void spaces within the paving
system open
Normal maintenance, like street sweeping once a year, keeps the system operating as designed
Iowa State has conducted research on cold weather performance of concrete paving
Properly designed concrete mixes can withstand a high number of freeze-thaw cycles without degrading
The addition of sand to the concrete mix design can increase longevity and structural strength
SS Credit 6.2: Stormwater Design: Quality Control
This may be possible and would require treatment systems to remove 80% of the average annual post development total suspended
solids(TSS), and 40% of the average annual post development total phosphorous(TS), by implementing best practices.
SS Credit 7.1: Heat Island Effect: Non-Roof
Lighter paving colors. Light colored paving can reduce ambient temperatures at paving surfaces by 10 to 12 degree F. These measurements
typically involve concrete versus bituminous paving surfaces. Most measurements and research has taken place in large urban areas, and
relatively small paving areas, like the border station, may not see such drastic reductions in ambient temperature. Any reduction in surrounding
exterior ambient temperatures can reduce cooling load inside the building.
SS Credit 7.2: Heat Island Effect: Roof
A green roof can reduce typical roof run-off loads by 60 to 80%. A green roof can reduce peak flow (by holding water within the roff growing
medium) from larger rainfall events by 85%. Typically a green roof can delay discharge of roof storm water for 2 hours, before it flows into the
site storm water system. The use of a green roof will reduce the size of site storm water system, and site impacts on a tight site.
A green roof can reduce cooling and heating load in a building. Studies have shown that green roof maximum surface temperatures averaged
11 degrees F higher in the winter and more than 30 degrees F lower in the summer. Greens roofs in cold climates can reduce energy
consumption by 10 percent in the winter months. The use of a green roof reduces temperature fluctuations on the roof membrane, extending
the life span of the roof system.
SS Credit 8: Light Pollution Reduction
Full cut-off lighting fixtures for site lighting, including vehicle travel areas to conform to Dark Skies initiatives and reduce light pollution.
Use low voltage LED exterior lighting (typically 50,000 to 100,000 hour life-cycle for white LED lamps). Safety cannot be compromised for
lighting.
WATER EFFICIENCY
WE Credit 1.2: Water Efficient Landscaping: No Potable Water Use or No Irrigation
Use native planting so that no irrigation system need to be installed on site, and no site water is used for irrigation.
Rain water collection for use in irrigation system
WE Credit 2: Innovative Waste Water Treatment
This credit states that we need to reduce use of municipally provided potable water for building sewage conveyance by a min of 50%, or treat
100% of wastewater on site to tertiary standards. We need to verify how this credit works in relation to water source coming from on-site well.
WE Credit 3.1: Water Use Reduction: 20% Reduction
The intent is to reduce load on the Border Station septic system, and reduce water use.
Grey water recycling system for non-potable water in commercial and secondary buildings toilet rooms
Waterless urinals to replace ultra-low flow urinals generate a further reduction of 0.5 gals per flush. Based on 30 uses per day a waterless
urinal can reduce the septic load by 11,000 gals per fixture per year.
Two-stage flush valves for water reduction
Ultra low-flow shower heads (0.8 to 1.5 gals per minute vs. 2.5 gals per minute).
ENERGY & ATMOSPHERE
EA Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance
Reduce energy costs compared to the energy cost budget for regulated energy components by 30% for 4 points.
EA Credit 2: On-Site Renewable Energy
Wind generated power for mains or backup system.
Quiet Revolution QR2.5 vertical turbines require an average wind speed of 9mph to generate 4,000KwH to 7,000KwH of power per year.
Photovoltaics
EA Credit 3: Enhanced commissioning
This is an added cost and is in addition to Fundamental Building commissioning.
EA Credit 4: Enhanced refrigerant management
Install base building level HVAC and refrigeration equipment and fire suppression systems that do not contain HCFC’s Halon.
EA Credit 5: Measurement and Verification
Long term continuous measurement of performance of systems.
Recommended sub-metering of lighting and panels and mechanical motor panel
EA Credit 6: Green Power
Engage in a two year contract to purchase power generated from renewable sources. Roseau Electric has a relationship with Minnkota
Power of Grand Forks, North Dakota who supplies wind power for a slight increase in monthly billing for this region. They stated that they
should have alternative power available for purchase to this location by the completion of our project.
MATERIALS & RESOURCES
MR Credit 2.1: Construction waste management
Recycle and reuse 50% of construction, demolition and land clearing waste. If relocation of homes occurs, this should count towards this
credit. We will need to verify once project is registered.
MR Credit 2.2: Construction waste management
Recycle and reuse an additional 25% of construction, demolition and land clearing waste. If relocation of homes occurs, this should count
towards this credit. We will need to verify once project is registered.
MR Credit 3.1: Materials Reuse
Specify salvage or refurbished materials for 5% of building materials. Materials will be from other resources. Source and quantity need to be
recorded. Include origin and cost of salvaged materials.
MR Credit 4.1: Recycled Content 10%
Specify 25% of building materials that contain in aggregate weighted average of 20% post consumer recycled content or a min. weighted
average of 40% post-industrial recycled content material.
Concrete Mix Designs: Utilize a minimum 40% post-industrial recycled materials to replace cement with materials such as fly ash and/or
ground granulated blast furnace slag.
Steel Reinforcement and Structural Steel: Utilize 100% post consumer recycled metals.
Driven Piles: Utilize recycled pipe such as used gas lines or rejected oil casings.
MR Credit 5.1: Regional Materials
Specify a minimum of 20% of building materials that are manufactured regionally within a radius of 500 miles.
MR Credit 6: Rapidly Renewable Materials
Specify rapidly renewable building materials for 5% of total building materials.
MR Credit 7: Certified Wood
Specify 25% of building materials that contain in aggregate weighted average of 20% post consumer recycled content or a min. weighted
average of 40% post-industrial recycled content material.
Wood Framing: Certify products specified to be made from certified wood comply with forest certification requirements.
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
IEQ Credit 1: Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring
Install a permanent carbon dioxide monitoring system that provides feedback
IEQ Credit 2: Increased Ventilation
Air change effectiveness greater than or equal to .9 as determined by ASHRAE 129-1997
IEQ Credit 3.1: Construction IAQ Management Plan, during construction
During construction meet or exceed the minimum requirements of the sheet metal and air conditioning national contractors association and
protect stored on-site or installed absorptive materials from moisture damage, and replace all filtration media prior to occupancy.
IEQ Credit 3.2: Construction IAQ Management Plan, before occupancy
Conduct a minimum two-week flush out with new filtration media at 100% or base line indoor air quality testing
IEQ Credit 4.1: Low-Emitting Materials
Meet or exceed VOC limits for adhesives, sealants, paints, composite wood products, and carpet systems
IEQ Credit 4.2: Low-Emitting Materials
Paints or coatings must meet or exceed the VOC and chemical component limits of green seal requirements
IEQ Credit 4.3: Low-Emitting Materials
Carpet systems must meet or exceed the carpet and rug Institute Green Label Indoor Air Quality Test Program
IEQ Credit 4.4: Low-Emitting Materials
Composite wood and agrifiber products must contain no added urea-formaldehyde resins.
IEQ Credit 5: Indoor Chemical & Pollutant source
Minimize cross contamination of regularly occupied areas by chemical pollutants.
IEQ Credit 6.1: Controllability of systems
Provide one operable window and one lighting control zone per 200sf for all occupied areas within 15 feet of the perimeter wall
Daylight harvesting lighting schemes are planned for project.
IEQ Credit 6.2: Controllability of systems
Provide controls for each individual for airflow, temp. and lighting for 50% of the non-perimeter, regularly occupied areas.
Use an expandable temperature range for building occupants
Occupancy sensors in each zone to control airflow in areas, AHU control and set-points.
IEQ Credit 7.1: Thermal Comfort
Comply with ASHRAE standard 55-1992, addenda 1995
Use VAV for office instead of CAV with reheat
IEQ Credit 8.1: Daylight & Views
Minimum daylight factor of 2% in 75% of all space occupied for critical visual tasks
IEQ Credit 8.2: Daylight & Views
Direct line of sight to vision glazing form 90% of all regularly occupied spaces
INNOVATION AND DESIGN PROCESS
IEQ Credit 1.1: Innovation in design
To be determined
Instantaneous water heaters for low-use areas