VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION SKILLS DEVELOPMENT CERTIFICATION PROGRAMME MODULE TEN: THE EVALUATION OF LAND FOR DEVELOPMENT PURPOSES Module 1 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT PREFACE Vantage Training and Management Pty (Ltd) has become a major role-player in the field of local government training. It is currently presenting numerous learning and development programs in seven of the nine provinces. Part of the company’s success can be attributed to its attention to detail, the quality of its training programs and the professional manner in which its programs are presented. Quality customer service and customer care is a major ingredient of the company’s contractual obligation with each and every client. Each of the company’s employees has pledged to strive towards providing equitable and affordable training and development opportunities, to all who wish to expand their knowledge and skill in the challenging field of local government. The company is convinced, that through the transfer of knowledge and skills, it is playing a meaningful role in the transformation of our towns and cities into beautiful havens of hope and prosperity. Areas in which the different population groups with their diverse languages, political aspirations, cultures and religion can work in harmony to develop our beautiful country. 2 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT THE EVALUATION OF LAND FOR DEVELOPMENT PURPOSES KEY AREAS ADDRESSED IN THIS MODULE: The legislative and policy requirements related to land evaluation Land/legal considerations in land evaluation Site specific land evaluation criteria Basic requirements for commenting on land evaluation LEARNING OUTCOMES The objective of this module is to provide course participants with a sound understanding of the criteria used to assess land for development purposes. Participants should therefore be able to undertake the following after completing the module: Have an understanding of the range of criteria that should be used when assessing land for development purposes. Know where to go to compile key land assessment information. Be able to apply the above criteria in their work. Be able to advise developers and land development applicants of the assessment criteria and the reasons for using them. 3 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT CONTENTS STUDY UNIT 1 : INTRODUCTION TO THE EVALUATION OF LAND STUDY UNIT 2 : LAND ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE STUDY UNIT 3 : EVALUATIONOF LAND STUDY UNIT 4 : SITE SPECIF EVALUATION OF LAND STUDY UNIT 5 : COMMENTING ON LAND EVALUATION 4 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT STUDY UNIT 1 : INTRODUCTION TO THE EVALUATION OF LAND 1.0 INTRODUCTION Even through there appears to be vast amounts of land in South Africa, land is a scarce resource which needs to be used, developed and managed or conserved properly. The development of land can have wide-ranging and long-terms implications particularly in terms of the disturbance of biodiversity, the impact on soil cover, pollution and the impact on surrounding properties and land uses. The Development Administration component of the Department of Traditional and Local Government Affairs has an important role to perform in the assessment of land development applications and in the management of land. It is therefore important that officials have a good understanding of the different criteria used in the assessment of land for development purposes particularly in considering the broad policy and planning type implications as well as the site specific implications. Obviously the most important starting point is identifying for what purpose the land is proposed to be used for as this will determine the type and level of assessment. The following are some of the most common land uses: Residential Agricultural Tourism Commerce Industry Agricultural Industry Conservation The assessment criteria will vary depending on what the land is to be used and developed for. For example, an eco-tourism development will be assessed differently from an industrial development. In most developments, however, there will generally be a standard set of assessment criteria which need to be considered. In order to undertake an assessment properly, you will need to have an understanding of the key legislation which has an affect on the assessment criteria. For example, the Department of Transport has criteria for building lines along provincial roads. These come directly from their legislation. The same applies to flood-lines, river reserves and environmental considerations. Other assessment criteria relate to guidelines or provincial policy such as the Red Book standards and the Drakensberg Approaches policy. Yet other criteria relate to general site specific criteria which need to be considered in most development applications. In summary then, when assessing land, the following key requirements always ned to be considered: a) b) c) Legislative requirements; Policy and guidelines Site specific requirements 5 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT The following module deals with the general range of criteria which are most likely to be required when assessing land for development purposes. STUDY UNIT 2 : LAND ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE 2.1 SWOT ANALYSIS SWOT analysis is one of the most useful tools used by planners to assess land. SWOT means: S = Strengths W = Weaknesses O = Opportunities T = Threats When assessing or evaluating land, it is standard procedure to undertake a SWOT analysis. This simply means that all of the criteria and issues that you are about to look at in this module, will either be a strength, weakness, opportunity or threat. For instance, in establishing a waste site, the broad analysis could be as follows: STRENGTHS: Good location near the urban areas to reduce transport costs Good soil conditions to prevent leaching in water table Large site which can be used for next 20 years Access points are hidden away from residential areas Access is obtained from a main road which will not bring large trucks through the residential areas. WEAKNESSES: Prevailing winds cause discomfort to residential area to the north Residential areas are located very close OPPORTUNITIES: Sufficient area for expansion in the future Proper compacting of waste can resolve smell issue Site can be used as recreation area in future when closed as a waste site THREATS: Runoff is a problem in the valley and may cause pollution of water courses downstream Wind bourn pollution is a a problem to local residents. 6 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT STUDY UNIT 3 : LAND/LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS 3.1 POLICY CONSIDERATIONS 3.1.1 Policies and Guidelines In addition to national and provincial legislation there is a range of national, provincial and local policies and guidelines which need to be taken into consideration when assessing land for development. In KwaZulu-Natal, the Planning and Development Commission is the major source of planning and development policies and they produce policies and guidelines on a wide range of land development topics. E.G: KZN Land Use Management System Drakensberg approaches policy Guidelines for truck stops Guidelines for parking standards Guidelines for landscaping Guidelines for home businesses Guidelines for the establishment of tuck shops and taverns Medium density housing guidelines Urban agriculture policy In a future module you will go through the policies and guidelines in detail. For this module it is important to know that there are policies and guidelines which affect the assessment and hence development of land and that these need to be taken cognisance of in undertaking and assessment or evaluation of land. 3.2 LAND LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS 3.2.1 Identifying the location of the site In undertaking an evaluation of land one of the first questions to be asked, is where is the land located? a) b) c) d) Is it located in an area covered by a planning scheme, Is it located in an area managed through the KwaZulu Land Affairs Act; Is it located on Ingonyama Trust Land, or Is it located in a rural area managed through the Town Planning Ordinance. Identifying the above will determine what legislative requirements need to be applied in the assessment of the land. Some laws do not apply equally in certain areas. For instance, the Subdivision of Agricultural Land Act 70/70 does not apply in Ingonyama Trust areas. In general however, there is a set of land evaluation criteria which need to be applied to the assessment of land anywhere. 3.1.2 Identifying the land correctly. 7 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT One of the most important and critical steps in undertaking an evaluation of land is to ensure that you are assessing/evaluating the right piece of land. This sounds ridiculous, but you would be surprised how easy it is to identify the incorrect piece of land. How can you be sure that you have identified the land correctly? You have been given a lot, erf or farm number. You have a surveyor general diagramme and maps. How can you be sure that the information in your hand actually corresponds with the site you are looking at on the ground? Common problems which occur in confusing precise land identification are as follows: Outdated cadastral information - very often cadastral information has not been 100% updated. The best source of information is the Surveyor Generals office but even here, some cadastral information has not been updated for some time. Recent consolidations or subdivisions. Diagrammes not fully registered – sometimes the diagrammes you obtain are not finally registered in the SGs office. Fence lines – just because you see a fence on a property boundary, does not mean to say that this is the accurate property boundary. People often push fences over onto neighbouring properties to gain more land. Property beacons – Have you ever seen a survey peg? Very often these have been covered up by soil and can only be found with a theodolite or GPS. PTOs (Permissions to occupy) on tribal land are often not accurately surveyed. How do you ensure that you are assessing the correct piece of land? The only ways to be absolutely certain are as follows: Arrange for a surveyor to identify the land correctly; Identify the land with a GPS. Of course if your assessment consists of sitting at a desk doing an assessment of a piece of land, then the risk of identifying the incorrect portion is not so great as this is the responsibility of the applicant. It is however an important issue to know about and to understand what can go wrong right from the outset. 3.1.3 The Title Deeds In other modules, you will go into detail on the implications of title deeds. The important issues to remember here are as follows: Tile deeds often contain conditions or restrictive conditions which need to be complied with in assessing the site. Title deeds usually contain servitudes or registered rights of way which will form part of the evaluation. 8 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT The survey diagramme which forms part of the title deeds shows the coordinates of the property, the property boundaries and key information relating to servitudes. The title deeds and diagrammes are the most important elements for correct land identification. 3.1.4 Land Ownership One of the most important elements in assessing land at Departmental and Municipal level is to ensure that the person requesting assessment is either the owner of the property or has the written consent of the owner to make application? If not, the assessing authority should not consider the application. If the applicant is not the owner, a letter of consent or power of attorney authorising the applicant to apply, or other instrument under which the applicant is authorised to act on behalf of such an owner If the property is held in trust, a letter of consent or power of attorney from the trustees, authorising the application is required. STUDY UNIT 4 : SITE SPECIFIC EVALUATION OF LAND 4.1 Compliance with IDP With each Municipality having completed its Integrated Development Plan, in assessing land , the question needs to be asked as follows: Is the proposed application in accordance with: the vision and policy guidelines as contained in the IDP; the with spatial framework as contained in the IDP? The assessing authority may not approve applications that are inconsistent with the IDP. 4.2 Natural Features The land form on and around a site are invariably used to determine the form of the development on the land. Slopes, slope orientation, landscapes, views, vistas, prominent features all play an important role in determine the type and location of development on land. In assessing natural features, the benefits and dis-benefits of the shape/form of the land should be analysed and development placed or planned to maximise advantageous positions. Consideration also has to be given to surrounding properties looking onto the site especially from public land. 4.3 Topography Having just completed the Map Reading course, the importance of correct topographical interpretation will be appreciated. 9 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT Topography is a major determinant of development on land because topography influences the cost of development and the type of development. Topography also determines the direction of runoff and the rate of runoff. For example on steep slopes, water will run off much quicker than it will on a gentle slope. In most detailed site assessments, a slope analysis will be necessary. In all housing applications in KwaZulu-Natal, a slope analysis is required to identify land steeper than 1:3 and land steeper than 1:10. The remainder of the land should then be less steep than 1:10. (You have just covered slope analysis in your map reading course, so you will be able to interpret contours and undertake an analysis.) Building should wherever possible be orientated northwards in South Africa so as to maxi8mise exposure to the sun during winter. 4.4 River Reserves The area along an around river systems needs to be preserved to prevent erosion and excessive runoff from surrounding properties. In terms the Forestry Act 1998, (Act No.84 of 1998) , as amended, no indigenous trees may be cut down without the permission of the Department. In order to protect the amenity of water courses and to minimize pollution and erosion, no indigenous vegetation or may be cut down or removed along the banks of rivers as follows: a) b) c) within 5m on each side of a minor tributary; within 10m of each side of a major tributary, or within 15m of a major water body. 4.5 Geological factors Many developments require a geological investigation of the land to be undertaken. This is normally required for the following reasons: To identify soil type and its stability Slope stability for developments requiring cut and fill To ensure that the soil is suitable for foundations To ensure that the soil is suitable for services For percolation for on-site sewage disposal Most of the laws governing development planning require geological investigations, especially for larger developments. Some development also require a geo-hydrological investigation to investigate the impact of the development ion the water table. Developments which typically require geo-hydrological investigations are : Petrol stations Cemeteries Some industries A geo-hydrological investigation will show what affect the development is likely to have on water tables and aquifers and on the users of these resources downstream. Leaching of substances into water tables is a common problem in South Africa. 10 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT 4.6 Flood Lines Applications for development near rivers must comply with the requirements of the Water Act 1998 (Act No.36 of 1998) which requires that consideration be given to the maximum level likely to reached by flood water every 100 years. The flood line restriction used to be fixed at the incidence of a flood reaching the line every 50 years. The recent legislation increased this to the 100 year flood line. The trouble with the new legislation is that it is not a fixed flood line but 4.7 Building Restrictions along National Roads The National Roads Agency is responsible for managing building line restrictions along national roads and for determining access points off national roads. National roads are high speed transport corridors with very limited access. New access points are not favoured, but may be permitted if they can be shown to serve large numbers of people. The building line restriction along the national roads is as follows: 4.8 National Roads : 20m measured from the edge of the road reserve boundary. Building Restrictions along Provincial Roads There are two types of provincial roads, provincial main roads (MR) and provincial district roads (D). Development along provincial roads must comply with the building line standards set down in the KwaZulu-Natal Roads Act, 2001, (Act No.4 of 2001) and may not be relaxed without the consent of the Department of Transport. The building line restrictions are generally as follows: Provincial Main and District roads : 15m measured from the edge of the road reserve boundary. Un-surveyed Main Roads : 30m measured from the centre line of the road. Un-surveyed District Roads : 25m measured from the centre line of the road. The difference between surveyed and unsurveyed roads is important because many provincial roads are not surveyed, particularly in the rural areas. The Department therefore takes a general measurement from the centre of the road. 4.9 Building Line Restrictions in Urban Areas. In urban areas, the Planning Scheme controls the building lines along urban roads. In some cities, the building line, I.E. the distance you are allowed to build to the road boundary of a property, is 0m. in most towns in KwaZulu-Natal, the building line ranges between 3m to 7m for residential and up to 15m for industrial and commercial uses, normally to provide for parking of landscaping. 11 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT 4.10 Access Every site needs to assured of formal access. Formal access to land is usually guaranteed through the title deeds where an access servitude or right of way servitude is normally written in as a condition. This is one of the reasons why the Department of Transport is always asked to comment on development applications in rural areas and along provincial roads, to ensure that a development has suitable access and so that the access is safe and designed and developed to a set standard. 4.11 Environmental Considerations Environmental assessment requirements are wide and varied. questions which should be asked are as follows: Some of the key Is the site/application in close proximity to ecologically sensitive areas? Is the site/development sustainable? (especially with regard to steeply sloping land, geotechnically and geologically unstable ground, water features, drainage lines, river catchments, indigenous fauna and flora, other sensitive landscapes). The proposed application must ensure that no environmental degradation occurs. Ecologically sensitive areas should be protected. Water courses and wetlands should be managed and conserved, with careful consideration given to the impact on groundwater. Can adequate mitigating measures be put into place to protect the ecologically sensitive areas? If not, the assessing authority should not approve the application. Intensive farming should not occur on land steeper than 1:6. Propose land uses involve steeply sloping land (>1:3) should be carefully evaluated in terms of the proposed land use. 4.12 Provision of Services An important broader policy issue for development particularly in rural areas, relates to whether or not an application can demonstrate self-sufficiency with regard to service provision: water, electricity, sanitation, roads, refuse, etc. An assessing authority should aim to ensure that applications, particularly in non-urban areas, are self-sufficient, to reduce the demands on e Municipality to provide services to isolated development applications. 4.13 Agricultural Potential The Department of Agriculture keeps a database of bio-resource units and ecotope units which are used to indicate whether land has high, medium or low potential for agriculture. People need to be reminded that only 5% of South Africa’s land cover can 12 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT be classified as good value agricultural land. This is not much and shows that good potential agricultural land needs to be preserved. The question that therefore should be asked in assessing land is : “ Does the land/application involve high value agricultural land?” The principle that should be adopted by all assessors is that high value agricultural land should not be taken out of production for unnecessary non-agricultural purposes. 4.14 Historical and Cultural Considerations Many areas of KwaZulu-Natal contain historical artefacts or places of historical, cultural or religious significance. Most archaeological artefacts cannot be seen without training or without excavation. This does not mean they are not there. The KwaZulu-Natal Heritage Council, AMAFA and the Museum keep records of all known archaeological sites in the province. The question which needs to be asked in assessing land is : “Is the land/application site in close proximity to or involve areas of historical cultural significance.” (eg. Bushman paintings, battle fields, cemeteries, archaeological sites etc?) The assessment should ensure that no degradation occurs and that adequate mitigating measures can be put into place to protect sensitive areas. 4.15 Zoning Where land is zoned in a Planning Scheme, it has particular land use rights associated with it. Each zone contain a range of land uses which can be freely permitted on the land, permitted by consent or which are prohibited. The following is an example of the land uses permitted within an area zoned Worship. EXAMPLE LAND USE CONTROLS BUILDING AND LAND USE CATEGORY FREELY PERMITTED WORSHIP ZONE Place of Public Assembly Place of Public Worship Private Recreational Use DEVELOPMENT PERMIT CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT Institution Municipal Purposes Place of Instruction Recreational building Special Use PROHIBITED Buildings and land uses not listed in this table. In assessing land for development, the zoning of the property needs to be established correctly and the Land Use Scheme consulted with regard to the uses which are 13 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT permitted. This will also determine the potential of the land for development purposes. For example, a piece of land which is allowed several dwelling units will have a greater land and market value than an adjacent property with only one dwelling permitted. 4.16 Minimum site size requirements Most Land Use Schemes determine a minimum lot/erf size for land within different zones. The following table shows the minimum lot size requirements for a worship site and the other site development controls applicable. EXAMPLE DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS Worship HEIGHT (Storey) INTENSITY (Min. Erf ) COVERAGE (%) FAR Building Line (m) Side space (m) Rear space (m) UR 4000m² 60% 0,6 7,5 4,5m 4,5m While minimum lot sizes have been proposed for each zone there will be cases where a proposed land use and associated subdivision could be permitted on lots below the prescribed minimum. Land may be subdivided to create a subdivision less than the minimum Lot size in order to facilitate the establishment of a non-agricultural use where the remainder of the land is deemed to be environmentally sustainable or the remainder is consolidated with an adjoining Lot to form an agriculturally or environmentally sustainable unit. There is no recommended subdivisions sizes for rural areas yet. Act 70/70 used to relay on a minimum subdivision size for agricultural land of not less than 20 Ha. This has always been argued as sustainable agricultural practices can be done on less than 20Ha and was sees as discriminatory to land reform projects and emerging farmers. The Land Use Management Plans for each Municipality will have to establish criteria for the subdivision of agricultural land. In Urban areas, the minimum lot/site size should not be reduced in areas where there is no water bourne sewerage to enable site sizes to be reduced. 4.17 Urban Land Uses One policy issues which should always be asked in assessing land for development is whether or not the proposed use not be better located within a formal urban area (in a town). While this is a question that is not directly related to the assessment of the land, it is a planning question which relates to the broader assessment of land. In considering any application an assessing authority needs to take into consideration the potential impact of the proposed development on existing zoned land within the Urban areas. As far as is reasonably possible, urban developments should take place in urban areas where it would be more easily managed and serviced by the Municipality. 14 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT This is important to ensure that the integrity of existing zoned urban areas and the rural areas are not undermined. 4.18Other statutory Requirements In assessing land it should always be asked if an approval required in terms of any other law or statutory requirement, is needed, or is there a restrictive condition of Title? If yes, has an application been lodged and approved? A Municipality may approve an application subject to an applicant obtaining the necessary approval before commencing the development or use. If an environmental approval or Record of Decision is required from the Department of Agricultural and Environmental Affairs, an assessing authority should not approve an application until this has been obtained. 4.19 Open Space Systems Many towns have developed comprehensive open space systems which link all environmental services and conservation areas together in a continuous open space system. Ethekwini Municipality has an extensive Metropolitan Open Space System (MOSS) which covers the whole city. These planned systems need to be taken into consideration when evaluating land because they have been identified for sound environmental reasons. 4.20 Biodiversity KZN Wildlife have develop a GIS system whereby the biodiversity importance of all land in KwaZulu-Natal can be assessed. Biodiversity combines areas of ecological importance, areas with important or threatened wildlife species and a range of other factors to help us identify areas of land which need to be conserved or even preserved. The biodiversity database should be the first port of call for anyone assessing land development, particularly developments concerning larger areas of land. 4.21 Noise Noise will have an important impact on land development and hence land assessment. People generally do not like noise especially if they are investing in land. This is one of the reasons why planning schemes are so important because they bring a level of certainty to land development providing separate areas for noisy land uses to locate. Noise has a number of scales. Within a residential development with small sites, the orientation and location of the dwellings can cause trouble between neighbours because noise is not mitigated. For instance, placing the kitchens of houses close to each other can cause trouble because people spend most of their time is a kitchen and do not need to have to listen to the neighbours talking or arguing next door. At a greater level of impact are scrap yards or panel beating shops where the intermittent loud banging is extremely disruptive. Creches also are often causes of irritation to neighbours although this is more of a normal community use which is needed in an area whereas a panel beating shop could equally well locate in an industrial area. 15 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT Home businesses will be an increasing cause of noise pollution unless controlled properly. 4.22 Wind The strength and prevailing direction of wind can have an important impact on the development of land and hence the assessment thereof. Particularly along the coastal areas, wind is an important development factor. Cool sea breezes are sought after commodities and increase land values along the coast. Prevailing winds on the wrong side of a waste disposal site, sewerage farm or noxious industry are unpleasant and often dangerous. Particularly in the location of industrial areas, a wind direction assessment is normally a prerequisite. Instances of bad past planning are found at Richards Bay where the heavy industrial area was located south of the residential area. The prevailing wind is from south to north which means that the residential areas suffer from smells and fumes. Another instance is the paper mill at Mandeni . When the wind is blowing in the wrong direction the pungent smell of the Mandeni factory can be smelt as far away as Eshowe, some 30km to the north. 4.23 Plant cover In a site assessment the existing plant cover should be assessed with a view to retaining the indigenous and useful plant cover and identifying and eradicating alien vegetation. The Department of Agriculture and Environmental Affairs has a list of alien plants which must be destroyed. Established trees and bushes can be used to enhance development and should be preserved. Indigenous vegetation should be encouraged wherever possible in order to encourage wildlife and birds to visit the site. Established vegetaion should also be preserved to assist with landscaping. It has been said that in Japan, when someone wishes to develop land, they must save the important vegetation and plant new vegetation before building operations commence. Building operations are kept to within confined areas. In this way, the vegetation is fully grown by the time the development is complete. In South Africa, prior to the “environmental awakening” of the last few years, the idea was to strip the land of “bush”, build all over the site and then plant an “English Garden” . Today we are more sensitive about our indigenous vegetation and plant cover. 16 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT STUDY UNIT 5 : COMMENTING ON LAND ASSESSMENT 5.1 COMMENTING ON LAND ASSESSMENTS 5.1.1 Comments from Government Departments All land development applications outside of urban areas, and sometimes inside urban areas as well, have to be circulated to government departments for comment. The full circulation process is to be dealt with in another module. The important issue here is that each government department and service provider is responsible for looking after its own laws and requirements. Each department and service provider therefore needs to provide comment on land for development purposes in order to: Ensure that their laws, procedures and requirements are followed; Ensure that adequate provision is made for future services; Ensure that the land development complies with the bigger picture; Ensure that the land development complies with national and provincial policies. Most departments and service providers request that conditions be placed on land to ensure the above requirements. 5.1.2 Comments from Traditional Authority, neighbours and other interest groups. Is the proposed development acceptable to the Traditional Authority, neighbours and other interest groups? If not, do they have valid grounds for an objection? If yes, can adequate mitigating measures be put into place to address the objections? If not, the assessing authority should not approve the application. 17 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT APPENDIX A The following is a checklist of requirements attached to an 11.2 development application. It shows what type of information is required to be supplied in order to be able to undertake at least a basic site assessment. Attached 1 The bondholder’s consent, if the land is bonded. 2 If the owner of the land is a company or a close corporation, a certified copy of the resolution of the Board of Directors or members, as the case may be, authorising the application. OR 3 If the property is held in trust, a letter of consent or power of attorney from the trustees, authorising the application. OR 4 If the applicant is not the owner, a letter of consent or power of attorney authorising the applicant to apply, or other instrument under which the applicant is authorised to act on behalf of such an owner. 5 Certified copy of Title Deeds and relevant deeds of servitude 6 Certified copy of Surveyor Generals (S.G.) diagram 7.1 Plan 1: A locality plan (A4), preferably a copy of a Topographical map at a 1:50 000 scale, indicating north point, location of the property in relation to roads, rivers, urban areas, the distance to the nearest town, and any other relevant subregional or regional information. Coordinates or grid referencing should also be included. Reference:_____________________________ 7.2 Plan 2: A map of road directions to the affected property. It is important to be clear and to use road names or numbers, and approximate distances since this diagram will be used to access the property in order to evaluate the application. Reference:_____________________________ 7.3 Plan 3 : A plan indicating the proposed development and the physical and natural characteristics of the site/property (including landforms, appropriate floodline where applicable (refer to Water Act), and where information available, rare and endangered fauna and flora.) Reference:_____________________________ 7.4 Plan 4: A plan with appropriate contours (not more than 5m contour interval) indicating the exact location of the development on the site, the size of the proposed development and the timeframe/phasing for development Reference:_____________________________ 7.5 Plan 5: An appropriately dimensioned and scaled plan showing the detailed floor plan of the proposed development Reference:_____________________________ 18 Module 2 – Land Use Management VANTAGE TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT APPENDIX B SHORT ASSIGNMENT Please prepare a detailed SWOT analysis of a piece of land which is proposed to be used for one of the following land uses: a) b) c) A waste disposal site, or A cemetery, or A residential development You can select any piece of land to use in your assessment, but you will need to obtain the following real information upon which to base your analysis: a) An extract of the 1:50 000 topocadastral map b) An extract of the 1:10 000 orthocadastral map c) Any other mapping information you can obtain which will assist in describing your analysis. Prepare a detailed SWOT analysis using as many of the site evaluation criteria from Module 10 as you see fit. Please list the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and give a brief explanation of why each issue is considered to fall under each category. Please note that different site evaluation criteria may fall under one or more of the SWOT categories depending on how you look at the issue. The above assignment should comprise approximately three typed pages excluding maps. 19 Module 2 – Land Use Management