Natural Science - The Particle Theory of Matter
NAME:
SET:
DATE:
SECTION A
Complete the following sentences by adding the missing words:
1.
Solids, liquids and gases consist of small invisible …………………..…………..
2.
Gases are ………….……… compressed and mix ………………………….
3.
The attractive forces between the gas particles are ………………….………
4.
The space between liquid particles is ………………….…….…… than the one between gas particles.
5.
There are ……………..………… spaces between the gas particles.
6.
Liquid particles are attracted to one another by a ………….……………. force than the one between gas particles.
7.
Liquid particles are continuously moving in a ……………………….……..…… way.
8.
Particles of solids are continuously ………………………..………….. but keep their positions.
9.
The attractive force between the particles of solids are very …………………..…..…………..
10.
Diffusion can occur with ………………..…………. and ………………………………..
11.
……………………….……….. can be compressed very little.
12.
If a solid is heated, its particles will ………..…..……….. heat energy which will let them vibrate ………………………. and
as a result the forces between the particles will ………………………..…………
13.
If a gas is cooled down its particles will …………………………..…….…… heat energy and as a result the attractive
forces between the gas particles will …………………………….…………
SECTION B
1.
Choose the correct word in brackets (delete the incorrect word)
When a substance changes from a liquid to a gas, the distance between the particles (increases / decreases)
with the changing of phase.
2.
The spaces between liquid molecules are (larger / smaller) than those between gas molecules.
3.
The particles in a solid (vibrate / move around) in the substance.
4.
The most important deduction from Brownian movement is that the particles in gases and liquids (move /
collide).
5.
Diffusion is the mixing of two gases or liquids due to the (movement of particles / attraction of the forces of
the particles).
6.
Diffusion occurs (slower / faster) in gases than in liquids.
7.
Between the particles in a gas there are (large open spaces / no forces of attraction) and they are therefore
easily compressed.
8.
Liquids are less compressible than gases because liquid particles (are close together / do not move).
9.
The particles of a solid occur in a (fixed pattern / non-repetitive pattern) in each crystal.
10.
When salt crystals form, energy is (taken up / given off).
SECTION C
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Choose the best answer from A, B, C, or D of the following questions: (Circle the correct letter)
The movement of particles is the least orderly in.
A.
gases
B.
liquids
C.
solids
D.
solvents
Smoke particles move continuously in a gas and this is proof that
A.
gas particles attract one another
B.
larges spaces exist between the small particles
C.
gas particles consist of large invisible particles
D.
gas particles are continuously moving in an orderly manner
Solids form a crystal lattice because
A.
the particles attract one another strongly
B.
the particles are in continuous motion
C.
the particles are arranged in a disorderly manner in the empty spaces
D.
the particles move in all directions
The spaces between particles in matter are in the following order from smallest to largest:
A.
solids, liquids, gases
B.
gases, liquids, solids
C.
gases, solids, liquids
D.
liquids, gases, solids
If 50cm of sugar is added to water in a beaker, the water surface rises by 45cm. From this we can deduce
that
6.
A.
the particles in the water move around
B.
the sugar and water particles attract one another
C.
the water and sugar formed a compound
D.
there are open spaces between the particles in the water
The attractive forces between particles in the order least to most dominant for the different phases of
matter are as follows:
A.
liquids, solids, gases
B.
gases, liquids, solids
C.
gases, solids, liquids
D.
solids, liquids, gases
7.
8.
9.
10.
When a solids changes phase and becomes a liquid
A.
the spaces between the particles enlarge
B.
another type of particle is formed
C.
the spaces between the particles stay the same
D.
the repulsive forces between the particles disappear
In a gas
A.
the particles are free to move through the whole space the gas occupies
B.
the particles are not free to move through the whole space the gas occupies
C.
the particles exercise only repulsive forces on one another
D.
the particles exercise only attractive forces on one another
A liquid takes the shape of the container because
A.
the liquid particles are attracted by strong forces
B.
there are spaces between the particles in a liquid
C.
there are repulsive forces between the particles in a liquid
D.
the liquid particles can move around freely
Certain liquids like water and alcohol mix easily because there
A.
is movement of the liquid particles
B.
is space between the liquid particles
C.
is attraction between the liquid particles
D.
is repulsion between the liquid particles
SECTION D
Answer the following questions in full sentences: (Write your answers in the space provided on the
following page)
1.
What is matter built up of?
2.
Explain the meaning of diffusion.
3.
Explain Brownian movement.
4.
Are the following claims true or false?
(a)
Diffusion occurs only in liquids
(b)
There are no open spaces between water particles
(c)
If 50ml of water is added to 50ml alcohol, the volume of the mixture is less than 100ml
5.
Explain why solids are the least compressible.
6.
How do solids, liquids and gases differ in terms of the spaces between the particles?
7.
When a liquid like water evaporates, cooling down occurs. Explain.
8.
What deductions can be made from Brownian movement about the particles of gases?
9.
Explain the difference between the forces of liquid, solid and gas particles.
10.
Explain how you would prove experimentally that there are open spaces between the particles of a liquid.
SECTION D
1.
2.
3.
4.
(a)
(b)
(c)
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.