4-1 Ionic Bonds
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
__C__
__B__
__A__
__B__
__A__
__D__
__C__
__A__
1. Magnesium bromide is an ionic compound with the chemical formula MgBr2. What does the “2”
tell you?
a. Bromide has a 2 charge.
b. There are two magnesium ions to every bromide ion.
c. There are two bromide ions for every magnesium ion.
d. Bromide has a 2+ charge.
2. Each family in the periodic table has its own characteristic properties based on the number of
a. neutrons.
b. valence electrons.
c. protons.
d. ions.
3. When an atom loses an electron, it becomes a
a. positive ion.
b. negative ion.
c. neutral ion.
d. neutral atom.
4. An ionic bond is the attraction between
a. similarly charged ions.
b. oppositely charged ions.
c. neutral ions.
d. neutral atoms.
5. Ions that are made of more than one atom are examples of
a. Polyatomic ions.
b. negative ions.
c. positive ions.
d. neutral ions.
6. What is the chemical name for the compound with the formula Na2S?
a. sodium fluoride
b. magnesium sulfide
c. lithium oxide
d. sodium sulfide
7. Which of the following is a characteristic property of ionic compounds?
a. They have low melting points.
b. They have low boiling points.
c. They form hard, brittle crystals with characteristic shapes.
d. They contain no charged particles.
8. In the chemical formula for an ionic compound, which item is written first?
__A__
9.
__C__ 10.
__D__ 11.
__C__ 12.
__C__ 13.
a. positive ion
b. negative ion
c. subscript
d. charge
Electrons involved in bonding between atoms are
a. valence electrons.
b. inside the nucleus.
c. closest to the nucleus.
d. positively charged.
What is the greatest number of valence electrons an atom can have?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 8
d. 12
Ionic compounds are electrically
a. charged.
b. positive.
c. negative.
d. neutral.
An ion is formed when an atom gains or loses
a. a neutron
b. a proton
c. an electron
d. a neutron or proton
A neutral atom becomes a positive ion when it
a. gains an electron
b. gains a proton
c. loses an electron
d. loses a proton
Short Answer
Use the diagram to answer each question.
14. How many atoms of a Group 17 element would be needed to react with one atom of a Group 2
element? Explain.
2
15. In an electron dot diagram of aluminum (Al), how many dots should be drawn around the
element’s symbol? Why?
3
16. Which group of elements loses electrons most easily?
Group 1 Alkali Metals
17.Which group contains elements with two valence electrons?
Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals
18. Complete the chart:
Element
Aluminum
Nitrogen
Helium
Sodium
Oxygen
Atomic
Number
13
7
2
11
8
Number
of protons
Number
of
electrons
Number
of valence
electrons
13
7
2
11
8
13
7
2
11
8
3
5
2
1
6
Type of
ion
formed
Cation
Anion
None
Cation
Anion
Oxidation
number
+3
-3
0
+1
-2
19. Complete the chart:
Element
Sodium
Calcium
Aluminum
Magnesium
Electrons
Charge
in outer on the ion
level
1
2
3
2
+1
+2
+3
+2
20. Write the name for AlCl3
Aluminum Chloride
21. Write the name for Na2O
Sodium Oxide
Element
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Oxygen
Bromine
Electrons
Charge
in outer on the ion
level
Chemical
formula
6
5
6
7
Na2O
Ca3P2
Al2O3
MgBr2
-2
-3
-2
-1
4-1 Ionic Bonds
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS:
STO:
2. ANS:
STO:
3. ANS:
STO:
4. ANS:
STO:
5. ANS:
STO:
6. ANS:
STO:
7. ANS:
STO:
8. ANS:
STO:
9. ANS:
STO:
10. ANS:
STO:
11. ANS:
STO:
12. ANS:
13. ANS:
C
DIF: L3
4.8.B.1.c, 4.8.B.1.d
B
DIF: L2
4.7.A.1.a
A
DIF: L1
4.7.A.1.d
B
DIF: L2
4.7.A.1.d
A
DIF: L1
4.7.A.1.d
D
DIF: L2
4.8.B.1.c, 4.8.B.1.d
C
DIF: L2
4.8.A.1.a, 4.8.A.1.b
A
DIF: L1
4.8.B.1.c, 4.8.B.1.d
A
DIF: L2
4.7.A.1.a, 4.7.A.1.d, 4.8.D.2.a
C
DIF: L1
4.7.A.1.a
D
DIF: L3
4.7.A.1.d
C
C
REF: p. PS-161
OBJ: PS.5.2.2
REF: p. PS-152
OBJ: PS.5.1.2
REF: p. PS-159
OBJ: PS.5.2.1
REF: p. PS-160
OBJ: PS.5.2.1
REF: p. PS-159
OBJ: PS.5.2.1
REF: p. PS-161
OBJ: PS.5.2.2
REF: p. PS-162
OBJ: PS.5.2.3
REF: p. PS-161
OBJ: PS.5.2.2
REF: p. PS-150
OBJ: PS.5.1.1
REF: p. PS-151
OBJ: PS.5.1.2
REF: p. PS-161
OBJ: PS.5.2.1
SHORT ANSWER
14. ANS:
Two. Atoms of elements in Group 17 form ions with a charge of 1–, and atoms of elements in
Group 2 form ions with a charge of 2+. It would take two ions of a Group 17 element to balance
the charge of one ion of a Group 2 element.
DIF: L3
REF: p. PS-161
OBJ: PS.5.2.1
15. ANS:
Three. Elements in Group 13 have 3 valence electrons.
STO: 4.7.A.1.d
DIF: L2
16. ANS:
Group 1
STO: 4.7.A.1.a
REF: p. PS-152
OBJ: PS.5.1.2
DIF: L2
17. ANS:
Group 2
REF: p. PS-153
OBJ: PS.5.1.2
STO: 4.7.A.1.a
DIF:
REF: p. PS-152
OBJ: PS.5.1.2
STO: 4.7.A.1.a
L2
18.
Element
Aluminum
Nitrogen
Helium
Sodium
Oxygen
19.
Element
Carbon
Sodium
Calcium
Aluminum
Magnesium
Atomic
Number
13
7
2
11
8
Number
of protons
Number
of
electrons
Number
of valence
electrons
13
7
2
11
8
13
7
2
11
8
3
5
2
1
6
Electrons
Charge
in outer on the ion
level
4
1
2
3
2
4+
1+
2+
3+
2+
Element
Chlorine
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Oxygen
Bromine
Type of
ion
formed
+
None
+
-
Oxidation
number
3+
30
1+
2-
Electrons
Charge
in outer on the ion
level
Chemical
formula
7
6
5
6
7
CCl4
Na2O
Ca3P2
Al2O3
AlCl3
20. Write the name for AlCl3
Aluminum Chloride
21. Write the name for Na2O
Sodium Oxide
12321-