Assiut university researches
Effect of Date Palm Compost and Nitrogen
Fertilization Rates on the Productivity of
Bread Wheat under New Valley Conditions
‫ت أث ير ك م بو ست ال نخ يل ومعدالت ال ت سم يد‬
‫ال ن ي تروج ي ني ع لي إن تاج ية ق مح ال خ بز ت حت‬
‫ظروف ال وادي ال جدي د‬
Sayed Hashim Abd-Allah Moslim
‫س يد ها شم ع بدهللا م س لم‬
Ragab Ahmed EL-Sayed Dawood, Gamal Rageh El-Nagar, Fathy
Mohamed Fathy Abdel-Motagally
‫ ف تحى محمد ف تحى ع بدال م تج لى‬،‫ جمال راجح ال نجار‬،‫رجب أحمد ال س يد داود‬
Abstract:
Two field experiments were conducted at El-Dakhla Oasis,
New Valley Governorate, Egypt, during the two winter
growing seasons of 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 to investigate
the effect of date palm compost and nitrogen fertilization rates
on the productivity of bread wheat under New Valley
conditions. The randomized complete block design using
split-plot with three replications was employed, where the
three date palm compost rates (0, 5 m3/fed. and 10 m3/fed.)
were allocated in the main plots and three nitrogen
fertilization rates (50, 70 and 90 kg N/fed.) were assigned to
the sub-plot. The grains wheat of Sids-12 cultivar was sown
on Nov. 26th and Nov. 24th in the 1st and the 2nd seasons,
respectively. The plot area was 10.5 m2 (3m width X 3.5m
length). The results could be summarized as the following: IGrowth, yield attributes and yield traits: 1- Plant height (cm): Application the date palm compost by 5 m3/fed. gave the
tallest plants (98.3 and 97.83 cm) in the 1st and the 2nd
seasons, respectively. -The tallest plants (98.10 and 98.07
cm) were recorded by the treatments received 70 kg N/fed. in
the 1st and the 2nd seasons, respectively. -The tallest plants
(100.20 and 99.30 cm) and (98.50 and 97.80 cm) were
obtained by the treatments had 5 m3/fed., and 10 m3/fed.
compost with 70 kg N/fed., rate interactions in the 1st and the
2nd seasons, respectively. 2- Spike length (cm): -Increasing
compost fertilizer rate increased spike length. The increase in
spikes length were 2.39% and 4.84% in the 1st season, while
in the 2nd season were 3.35 and 12.67%, when the plants
received 5 m3/fed., and 10 m3/fed. compost over zero
compost, respectively. -Increasing nitrogen fertilization rate
increased significantly spike length and the tallest spikes
(16.00 and 15.08 cm) were recorded by plants had the
highest nitrogen rate (90 kg N/fed.) in the 1st and the 2nd
seasons, respectively. -The tallest spikes (17.21 and 16.05
cm) followed by (15.55 and 15.25 cm) were recorded by 10
m3/fed. compost with 90 kg N/fed. rate treatments interaction
followed by 5 m3/fed. compost with 70 kg N/fed. rate
treatments interaction in the 1st and the 2nd seasons,
respectively. 3- Spikelets number/spike: -Increasing compost
fertilizer rate increased significantly spikelets number/spike
and the highest values (19.43 and 17.00) were obtained at
the highest compost rate (10 m3/fed.) in both seasons. -The
increase in spikelets number/spike (2.77 and 4.54%) in the
1st season, while this increase (2.09 and 5.51%) in the 2nd
season were recorded by using 70 and 90 kg N/fed. over the
plants received 50 kg N/fed. respectively. -The maximum
number of spikelets/spike (20.10 and 17.60) followed by
(19.20 and 16.80) were realized with 10 m3/fed. compost with
either 90 or 70 kg N/ed. treatments interaction in the 1st and
the 2nd seasons, respectively. 4 - Spikes number/m2: -The
highest values of spikes number/m2 (484.1 or 500.7) were
achieved by adding 10 m3/fed. or 5 m3/fed. compost in the
1st and the 2nd seasons, respectively. -Increasing nitrogen
application increased the spikes number/m2 and the
maximum values (489.0 and 497.0) were found by applying
70 kg N/fed. rate in the 1st and the 2nd seasons,
respectively. -The maximum values of spikes number/m2
(526.0) in the 1st season and (530.0) in the 2nd season were
recorded by 10 m3/fed. compost with 90 kg N/fed. rate and by
5 m3/fed. compost with 70 kg N/fed. rate treatments
interaction. 5- 1000-grains weight (g): -Adding date palm
compost increased 1000-grains weight. These increases
were (4.54 and 9.96%) in the 1st season, while in the 2nd
season were (3.23 and 4.31%) by using 5 m3/fed. and 10
m3/fed. compost over the untreated plants with compost,
respectively. -Increasing nitrogen application increased
significantly the 1000-grains weight and the heaviest 1000grains (45.57 and 45.97 g) were achieved by the plants had
90 kg N/fed. rate in the 1st and the 2nd seasons,
respectively. -The heaviest 1000-grains (46.20 and 47.27 g)
were recorded by the plants received either 10 m3/fed. or 5
m3/fed. compost with 90 kg N/fed. rate treatments interaction
in the 1st and the 2nd seasons, respectively. 6- Straw yield
(ton/fed.): -The maximum values of straw yields/fed. (3.46
and 3.92 ton) were obtained by adding 5 m3/fed. compost in
the 1st and the 2nd seasons, respectively. -The increase in
straw yields/fed. (14.77 and 9.06%) in the 1st season, while
in the 2nd seasons (12.83 and 10.29%) were realized by the
plants received 70 and 90 kg N/fed. rates over the plants
received 50 kg N/fed. rate, respectively. -The maximum
values of straw yields/fed. (3.62 and 4.08 ton) followed by
(3.54 and 4.06 ton) were obtained by the plants had 5 m3/fed.
compost with 70 and 90 kg N/fed. rates treatments interaction
in the 1st and the 2nd seasons, respectively. 7- Grain yield
(ard./fed.): -The maximum values of grains yields/fed. (18.80
and 19.10 ard.) were recorded by applying 5 m3/fed. compost
rate in the 1st and the 2nd seasons, respectively. -Increasing
the nitrogen fertilization rate increased the grain yields/fed.
These increases were 5.03% and 2.49% in the 1st season,
while in the 2nd season were 8.07% and 5.06% when the
nitrogen applied at 70 and 90 kg N/fed. rate over those
received 50 kg N/fed. rate, respectively. -The maximum
values of the grain yields/fed. (19.04 and 19.50 ard.) followed
by (19.01 and 19.20 ard.) were recorded by the plants had 5
m3/fed. compost with 90 kg N/fed. rate interactions followed
by the plant had 10 m3/fed. compost with 70 kg N/fed. rate
treatments interaction in the 1st and the 2nd seasons,
respectively. 8- Biological yield (ton/fed.) -The maximum
values of the biological yields/fed. (6.26 and 6.59 ton) were
obtained by adding 10 m3/fed. compost in the 1st and the
2nd seasons, respectively. -The maximum values of the
biological yields/fed. (6.11 and 6.68 ton) were recorded by the
application of 70 kg N/fed. rate in the 1st and the 2nd
seasons, respectively. -The maximum values of biological
yields/fed. were 6.38 ton and 6.35 ton in the 1st season, while
in the second season were 6.97 ton and 6.63 ton when the
plants received 70 and 90 kg N/fed. rates with 10 m3/fed.
compost treatments interaction, respectively. II- Quality traits:
1- Crude protein (%) in grains: -Application the date palm
compost increased significantly grain protein content and the
highest values (15.76 and 15.35%) were obtained by adding
10 m3/fed. compost in the 1st and the 2nd seasons,
respectively. -The highest values of crude protein content in
grains were 13.98 and 14.05% by the plants received the
highest nitrogen rate (90 kg N/fed.) over the plants received
the lowest nitrogen rate (50 kg N/fed.) in the 1st and the 2nd
seasons, respectively. -The highest values of crude protein
content in grains (16.48 and 16.12%) followed by (15.85 and
15.47%) were recorded by adding 10 m3/fed. compost with
the plants received 90 and 70 kg N/fed. rates treatments
interaction in the 1st and the 2nd seasons, respectively.