MT 4611287 GERMANY
CONFIGURATION
DESCRIPTION
for MAWS100 AWS
3 July 2006
 Vaisala 2006
© Vaisala 2006
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical (including photocopying), nor may its contents be
communicated to a third party without prior written permission of the
copyright holder.
2006-07
MAWS100
Configuration Description
1.
MAWS100 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ...................................................................... 2
2.
SENSORS ................................................................................................................... 3
3.
CALCULATIONS ......................................................................................................... 4
4.
5.
3.1
Wind Speed and Direction ............................................................................. 4
3.2
Air Temperature and Relative Humidity ........................................................ 4
3.3
Dew Point Temperature ................................................................................. 4
3.3.1
Formula to Calculate Dew Point Temperature ................................... 4
3.4
Air Pressure .................................................................................................... 5
3.4.1
Formula to Calculate QFE Pressure .................................................. 5
3.4.2
Formula to Calculate QNH Pressure ................................................. 5
3.4.3
Formula to Calculate QFF Pressure .................................................. 6
3.5
Precipitation ................................................................................................... 6
SERIAL LINES ............................................................................................................ 7
4.1
Serial Line COM 0 ........................................................................................... 7
4.2
Serial Line COM 1 ........................................................................................... 7
4.3
Communication Module 1 .............................................................................. 7
4.3.1
Serial Port 1 ...................................................................................... 7
4.3.2
Serial Port 2 ...................................................................................... 7
4.4
Communication Module 2 .............................................................................. 8
OUTPUT MESSAGES ................................................................................................. 9
5.1
YourVIEW1 ...................................................................................................... 9
5.2
YourVIEW2 ...................................................................................................... 9
5.3
Total .............................................................................................................. 11
5.4
List ................................................................................................................ 11
6.
LOGGING ................................................................................................................. 14
7.
DRAWINGS ............................................................................................................... 15
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1
MAWS100
Configuration Description
1
2006-07
MAWS100 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
Automatic Weather Station MAWS100 measures sensors and generates
calculations and several different types of message outputs.
System includes three separate serial lines: The serial line COM 0 is dedicated
to message outputs and mainly to work as a maintenance line. The serial line
COM 1 is dedicated to receive data from the Weather Transmitter WXT510.
The serial port 1 of the communication module 1 (DSU232_0_0) is dedicated
to send out two different YourVIEW messages via DXE421 Ethernet Module
to the PC equipped with the YourVIEW Graphical Display Software.
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MAWS100
Configuration Description
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2
SENSORS
Automatic Weather Station MAWS100 is configurated to measure following
sensors:
2006-07
Sensor name
and identifier
Sensor
type
MAWS Measuring
channel range
Measuring
interval
Wind Speed (WS)
WXT510
COM 1
0...60 m/s
1s
Wind Direction (WD)
WXT510
COM 1
1...360 °
1s
Air Temperature (TA)
WXT510
COM 1
-52...+60 °C
60 s
Relative Humidity (RH)
WXT510
COM 1
0...100 %
60 s
Air Pressure (PA)
WXT510
COM 1
600…1100 hPa 60 s
Precipitation (PR)
WXT510
COM 1
0…200 mm
60 s
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MAWS100
Configuration Description
3
2006-07
CALCULATIONS
Automatic Weather Station MAWS100 calculates average, minimum and
maximum values for all the measured data.
3.1
Wind Speed and Direction
For the wind data system calculates 3 second, 2 minute and 10 minute
average, maximum and minimum values.
3.2
Air Temperature and Relative Humidity
For the air temperature and relative humidity system calculates 10 minute and
1 hour average, maximum and minimum values.
3.3
Dew Point Temperature
From the measured air temperature and relative humidity system calculates 10
minute and 1 hour average, maximum and minimum values for the dew point
temperature.
3.3.1
Formula to Calculate Dew Point Temperature
The dew point temperature is the temperature to which the
air must be cooled at a constant pressure to produce
saturation.
The DP is calculated using the following formula:
DP 
where: a
c b
 273.16
a
c b
2
= ln
100
RH
b
= 15.0 * a -2.1 * TA + 2711.5
c
= TA + 273.16
TA
= Measured air temperature [°C]
RH = Measured relative humidity [%]
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MAWS100
Configuration Description
2006-07
3.4
Air Pressure
For the air pressure system calculates 10 minute and 1 hour average,
maximum and minimum values. From the measured air pressure system
calculates also 1 minute average values for the QFE, QNH and QFF pressures.
3.4.1
Formula to Calculate QFE Pressure
QFE is the actual atmospheric pressure at the level of the station
altitude or at the height of the runway threshold. The difference of
the pressure sensor level and the station altitude (or runway
threshold) is indicated by the pressure sensor (pslevel) setting in
the MAWS100. QFE is normally used for aviation purposes.
The QFE is calculated using the following formula:
QFE  PA  e
where:
3.4.2
HS
7996bHS 29.33TA
PA
= Measured air pressure [hPa]
HS
= The height of the pressure sensor from
the station level or from the runway
treshold level [m], set by the pslevel command.
b
= 0.0086 °C/m
TA
= Measured air temperature [°C]
Formula to Calculate QNH Pressure
QNH is the atmospheric pressure at the sea level in the
standard atmosphere. The station altitude is indicated by
station altitude setting in MAWS100 (difference of mean
sea level and station altitude). QNH is used for aviation
purposes (included e.g. in METAR message).
The QNH is calculated using the following formula:
QNH  QFE  e
where:
0.03416HR1d 
288.2cHR
c
= 0.00325 °C/m
d
= 0.19025 * ln
QFE
1013.2315
HR = Station altitude [m], set by the altitude
command.
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5
MAWS100
Configuration Description
3.4.3
2006-07
Formula to Calculate QFF Pressure
QFF is the sea level pressure same as QNH, but value is
corrected by the actual air temperature (or in some cases
by virtual temperature = i.e. temperature 12 hours ago).
QFF is used in synoptical observations (included in
SYNOP message).
The QFF is calculated using the following formula:
QFF  QFE  e
where:
b
HR
7996bHR29.33TA
= 0.0086 °C
HR = Station altitude [m], set by the
altitude command
TA
3.5
= Measured air temperature [°C]
Precipitation
For the precipitation system calculates 1 hour and 24 hour floating rain sum
and the cumulative rain sum for the current and previous hour and also for the
current and previous day.
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MAWS100
Configuration Description
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4
SERIAL LINES
The serial lines of the Automatic Weather Station have different types of
configurations to perform several specified tasks; Working as a Command
Line Interpreter to operate with the MAWS100 or sending out reports to
terminal, to view measured and calculated data.
4.1
Serial Line COM 0
Serial line COM 0 is mainly reserved for the maintenance operations. It is also
dedicated to send out four different messages, automatically or after successful
polling command, to the host PC.
The line parameters are: RS232, 9600 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit and None
parity.
4.2
Serial Line COM 1
Serial line COM 1 is dedicated to receive data from the Weather Transmitter
WXT510.
The line parameters are: RS485 2-wire, 19200 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit and
None parity.
4.3
Communication Module 1
MAWS100 communication module slot 1 is equipped with the dual RS232
communication module DSU232.
4.3.1
Serial Port 1
Serial port 1 of the communication module (DSU232_0_0) is
dedicated to send out two different YourVIEW messages via
DXE421 Ethernet Module to the PC equipped with the YourVIEW
Graphical Display Software.
The line parameters are: RS232, 9600 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit
and None parity.
4.3.2
Serial Port 2
Serial port 2 of the communication module (DSU232_0_1) is
reserved for the future use.
The line parameters are: RS232, 9600 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit
and None parity.
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MAWS100
Configuration Description
4.4
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Communication Module 2
MAWS100 communication module 2 options are reserved for the future use.
8
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MAWS100
Configuration Description
2006-07
5
OUTPUT MESSAGES
Automatic Weather Station MAWS100 generates two different YourVIEW
messages to be sent automatically via COM 0 and DXE421 Ethernet module.
These messages are generated once a second (YourVIEW1) and once a minute
(YourVIEW2), directly after all the measurements and calculations have been
completed.
Also system generates two other messages Total and List to be viewed from
the measured and calculated data. These messages are generated once a
minute, directly after all the measurements and calculations have been
completed and can be polled out via COM 0 with the commands total and list.
NOTICE ! If some of the sensors included in the system measurement
software are not connected or faulty, the fields in the report indicating
measured and calculated values are reported as ////// and the value in the
STATUS field is something else than 0.
5.1
YourVIEW1
Message contains measured values from the wind speed and wind direction.
Message format is following:
<SOH>WIND<STX>\t<WS>\t<WD>\t<ETX><CR><LF>
<SOH>
WIND
<STX>
\t
<WS>
<WD>
<ETX>
<CR>
<LF>
= Start of Header character
= Message identification string
= Start of Text character
= Tabular character
= Wind speed, 1 second instant value in m/s
= Wind direction, 1 second instant value in 
= End of Text character
= Carriage Return character
= Line Feed character
An example of the message output:
☺WIND☻ 1.9 287 ♥
For the testing purposes, this message can be polled out via serial line COM 0
with the command yv1.
5.2
YourVIEW2
Message contains measured and calculated values from the air temperature,
relative humidity, dew point temperature, air pressure and precipitation.
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MAWS100
Configuration Description
2006-07
Message format is following:
<SOH>PTU<STX>\t<TAI>\t<TAX>\t<TAM>\t<RHI>\t<RHX>\t<RHM>\t<DPI>\t
<DPX>\t<DPM>\t<PAI>\t<PAX>\t<PAM>\t<PRI>\t<PR1>\t<PR24>\t<EMPTY>\t
<PR1C>\t<PR1P>\t<EMPTY>\t<PR24C>\t<PR24P>\t
<ETX><CR><LF>
<SOH>
PTU
<STX>
\t
<EMPTY>
= Start of Header character
= Message identification string
= Start of Text character
= Tabular character
= Empty field to correspond the YourVIEW message format
<TAI>
<TAX>
<TAM>
= Air temperature, 1 minute instant value in C
= Air temperature, 1 hour maximum value in C
= Air temperature, 1 hour minimum value in C
<RHI>
<RHX>
<RHM>
= Relative humidity, 1 minute instant value in %
= Relative humidity, 1 hour maximum value in %
= Relative humidity, 1 hour minimum value in %
<DPI>
<DPX>
<DPM>
= Dew point temperature, 1 minute instant value in C
= Dew point temperature, 1 hour maximum value in C
= Dew point temperature, 1 hour minimum value in C
<PAI>
<PAX>
<PAM>
= Air pressure, 1 minute instant value in hPa
= Air pressure, 1 hour maximum value in hPa
= Air pressure, 1 hour minimum value in hPa
<PRI>
<PR1>
<PR24>
<PR1C>
<PR1P>
<PR24C>
<PR24P>
= Precipitation, 1 minute instant value in mm
= Precipitation, 1 hour floating sum in mm
= Precipitation, 24 hour floating sum in mm
= Precipitation, 1 hour (current) cumulative sum in mm
= Precipitation, 1 hour (previous) cumulative sum in mm
= Precipitation, 24 hour (current) cumulative sum in mm
= Precipitation, 24 hour (previous) cumulative sum in mm
<ETX>
<CR>
<LF>
= End of Text character
= Carriage Return character
= Line Feed character
An example of the message output:
☺PTU☻ 22.9 22.9 22.7 13 13 13 -7.2 -7.0 -7.2 1003.8 1004.0 1003.6 1.80 1.80 3.80 1.80
0.00 3.80 0.00♥
For the testing purposes, this message can also be polled out via serial line
COM 0 with the command yv2.
10
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MAWS100
Configuration Description
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5.3
Total
Message contains measured and calculated values from the air temperature,
relative humidity, dew point temperature, air pressure, wind speed, wind
direction, precipitation and power unit.
An example of the message output:
MAWS Total Report
2006-07-03 12:12:02
C:
%:
C:
hPa:
2M m/s:
10M m/s:
WIND DIRECTION
2M deg:
10M deg:
PRECIPITATION
mm:
Floating Sum, Hour/Day
mm:
Cumul. Sum, Current/Previous Hour
mm:
Cumul. Sum, Current/Previous Day
mm:
AIR TEMPERATURE
RELATIVE HUMIDITY
DEWPOINT TEMPERATURE
AIR PRESSURE
WIND SPEED
OPERATING VOLTAGE

Vdc:
Station: MAWS100
STATUS
0
0
INST
22.9
13
-7.2
0 1003.8
0
1.9
0
287
0
1.80
1.80
1.80
3.80
AVE
22.8
13
-7.1
1003.8
1.9
1.9
287
287
MAX
MIN
22.9
22.7
13
13
-7.0
-7.2
1004.0 1003.6
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
287
287
287
287
3.80
0.00
0.00
0 12.448
NOTICE ! INST values for the air temperature, relative humidity, dew point
temperature, air pressure and precipitation in the message are measured 1
minute instant values and for the wind speed and wind direction calculated 3
second average values.
5.4
List
Message contains same values as on Total message, but in different message
format (values separated with Tabular character).
Message format is following:
List\t<DATE>\t<TIME>\t<SNAME>\t<TAST>\t<TAI>\t<TAA>\t<TAX>\t<TAM>\t
<RHST>\t<RHI>\t<RHA>\t<RHX>\t<RHM>\t<DPI>\t<DPA>\t<DPX>\t<DPM>\t<PAST>\t
<PAI>\t<PAA>\t<PAX>\t<PAM>\t<WSST>\t<WSI>\t<WS2A>\t<WS2X>\t<WS2M>\t
<WS10A>\t<WS10X>\t<WS10M>\t<WDST>\t<WDI>\t<WD2A>\t<WD2X>\t<WD2M>\t
<WD10A>\t<WD10X>\t<WD10M>\t<PRST>\t<PRI>\t<PR1>\t<PR24>\t<PR1C>\t
<PR1P>\t<PR24C>\t<PR24P>\t<AWSST>\t<VDC><CR><LF>
List
\t
<DATE>
<TIME>
<SNAME>
2006-07
= Message identification string
= Tabular character
= MAWS100 AWS, System date in format YYYY-MM-DD
= MAWS100 AWS, System time in format hh:mm:ss
= MAWS100 AWS, Station name
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MAWS100
Configuration Description
12
2006-07
<TAST>
<TAI>
<TAA>
<TAX>
<TAM>
= Air temperature, 1 minute instant sensor status value
= Air temperature, 1 minute instant value in C
= Air temperature, 1 hour average value in C
= Air temperature, 1 hour maximum value in C
= Air temperature, 1 hour minimum value in C
<RHST>
<RHI>
<RHA>
<RHX>
<RHM>
= Relative humidity, 1 minute instant sensor status value
= Relative humidity, 1 minute instant value in %
= Relative humidity, 1 hour average value in %
= Relative humidity, 1 hour maximum value in %
= Relative humidity, 1 hour minimum value in %
<DPI>
<DPA>
<DPX>
<DPM>
= Dew point temperature, 1 minute instant value in C
= Dew point temperature, 1 hour average value in C
= Dew point temperature, 1 hour maximum value in C
= Dew point temperature, 1 hour minimum value in C
<PAST>
<PAI>
<PAA>
<PAX>
<PAM>
= Air pressure, 1 minute instant sensor status value
= Air pressure, 1 minute instant value in hPa
= Air pressure, 1 hour average value in hPa
= Air pressure, 1 hour maximum value in hPa
= Air pressure, 1 hour minimum value in hPa
<WSST>
<WSI>
<WS2A>
<WS2X>
<WS2M>
<WS10A>
<WS10X>
<WS10M>
= Wind speed, 1 second instant sensor status value
= Wind speed, 3 second average value in m/s
= Wind speed, 2 minute average value in m/s
= Wind speed, 2 minute maximum value in m/s
= Wind speed, 2 minute minimum value in m/s
= Wind speed, 10 minute average value in m/s
= Wind speed, 10 minute maximum value in m/s
= Wind speed, 10 minute minimum value in m/s
<WDST>
<WDI>
<WD2A>
<WD2X>
<WD2M>
<WD10A>
<WD10X>
<WD10M>
= Wind direction, 1 second instant sensor status value
= Wind direction, 3 second average value in 
= Wind direction, 2 minute average value in 
= Wind direction, 2 minute maximum value in 
= Wind direction, 2 minute minimum value in 
= Wind direction, 10 minute average value in 
= Wind direction, 10 minute maximum value in 
= Wind direction, 10 minute minimum value in 
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MAWS100
Configuration Description
2006-07
<PRST>
<PRI>
<PR1>
<PR24>
<PR1C>
<PR1P>
<PR24C>
<PR24P>
= Precipitation, 1 minute instant sensor status value
= Precipitation, 1 minute instant value in mm
= Precipitation, 1 hour floating sum in mm
= Precipitation, 24 hour floating sum in mm
= Precipitation, 1 hour (current) cumulative sum in mm
= Precipitation, 1 hour (previous) cumulative sum in mm
= Precipitation, 24 hour (current) cumulative sum in mm
= Precipitation, 24 hour (previous) cumulative sum in mm
<AWSST>
<VDC>
= MAWS100 AWS, 1 second instant error status value
= MAWS100 AWS, operating voltage in Vdc
<CR>
<LF>
= Carriage Return character
= Line Feed character
An example of the message output:
List 2006-07-03 12:12:02 MAWS100 0 22.9 22.8 22.9 22.7 0 13 13 13 13 -7.2 -7.1 -7.0 -7.2
0 1003.8 1003.8 1004.0 1003.6 0 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 0 287 287 287 287 287 287 287
0 1.80 1.80 3.80 1.80 0.00 3.80 0.00 0 6.448
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MAWS100
Configuration Description
6.
2006-07
LOGGING
System saves three different log groups to an external 32 MB Flash Memory
Card.
Log group L0 contains 10 minute average data from the air temperature,
relative humidity, dew point temperature, air pressure and 10 minute average,
maximum and minimum data from the wind speed and wind direction. Log
group is saved every 10 minutes to the internal memory of the logger and
copied to the memory card at midnight. Old data is kept on the memory 30
days.
Log group L1 contains 1 hour average, maximum and minimum data as well
as 1 minute instant data from the air temperature, relative humidity, dew point
temperature and air pressure. Also log groups contains 1 minute instant
precipitation data, 1 hour floating rain and cumulative rain sum from the
current and previous hour. Log group is saved once an hour to the internal
memory of the logger and copied to the memory card at midnight. Old data is
kept on the memory 30 days.
Log group L2 contains 24 hour floating rain sum, cumulative rain sum from
the current and previous day and charging status of the power supply unit. Log
group is saved once a day to the internal memory of the logger and copied to
the memory card at midnight. Old data is kept on the memory 30 days.
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MAWS100
Configuration Description
2006-07
7.
DRAWINGS
The system configuration is detailed in the following drawings: DRW222947
and DRW222948. Drawing number DRW222947 (block diagram) gives a
general overview of the system connections in the block level. Drawing
number DRW222948 (wiring diagram) shows the wirings of the sensors and
communication operations supported with the configuration.
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