Bow Caliper
Biacromial Breadth : The subject stands erect with the back to the examiner. The body weight is evenly distributed on both feet, which are shoulder width apart. The acromion processes are palpated with the index fingers. One end of the bow caliper is placed on the lateral edge of one acromiom process. The other end of the caliper is then placed on the lateral edge of the other acromion process. The ends of the bow calipers should be pointing forward and slightly upward when the measurement is made. At the time of measurement, the subject is requested to exhale and relax the shoulders.
Biiliac Breadth : The subject stands erect with the back to the examiner. Body weight is evenly distributed on both feet, which are shoulder width apart. The iliac crests are palpated with the index fingers. The ends of the bow caliper are placed on the lateral sides of the crests at the points that result in the greatest hip breadth. The caliper is held in a transverse plane. Pressure is applied to the ends of the caliper to compress the skin and adipose tissue.

Femur Width : From a standing position, the subject places the right foot on a bench so that a right angle is formed at the knee with the thigh horizontal and the leg vertical. The points on the distal end of the femur located most lateral to the median plane of the bone (i.e., condyles) are palpated. The ends of the bow caliper then are applied to these points so that the plane of the caliper bisects the angle of the knee joint.

Humerus Width : In a standing position, the subject raises the right arm forward to about the level of the shoulder joint (palm up). The elbow is then flexed to form a right angle. The points on the distal end of the humerus located most lateral to the medial plane of the bone (i.e., epicondyles) are palpated. The ends of the bow caliper then are applied to these points so that the plane of the caliper bisects the angle of the elbow joint.
Short Anthropometer
Upper Extremity Length : The subject stands erect with both upper extremities fully extended at the side of the body and the palms positioned medially. The anthropometer is placed in the sagittal plane. The distance from the top of the lateral projection of the superior portion of the humerus (just below the lateral projection of the acromion) to the distal end of the middle finger is measured. The stationary end of the anthropometer is held at the finger tip while the moving end is positioned on the humerus.

Hand Length : The forearm is extended in a horizontal position with the palm upward. The fingers are extended so that they are in direct line with the central axis of the forearm. The short anthropometer is applied from the lateral side of the forearm with the stationary blade placed on the skinfold crease that runs from the distal border of the radius across the wrist in a direction perpendicular to the long axis of the forearm. The moveable blade of the anthropometer is brought in contact with the distal fingertip of the third digit.

Knee Width : From a standing position the subject places the right foot on a bench so that a right angle is formed at the knee with the thigh horizontal and the leg in a vertical position. The blades of the anthropometer are applied to the medial and lateral most margins of the tibial condyles so that the blades of the anthropometer bisect the angle formed by the thigh and leg.
Long Anthropometer
Standing Height : The subject stands erect with body weight evenly distributed on both feet.
Heels are placed together and in contact with the wall. The wall should be free of molding and form a right angle with the floor. Arms hang freely at the sides of the body. The head is positioned in the Frankfort plane. The anthropometer is positioned parallel to the wall in the midfrontal plane and perpendicular to the floor. The sliding bar of the anthropometer is brought down on the vertex of the head with sufficient pressure to depress the hair. The head is stabilized by placing the hand under the subject’s jaw.

Sitting Height : The subject sits on a bench with the hips and back against the wall. The height of the bench is adjusted so that the knees are at a right angle and the feet are flat on the floor. The subject stretches upward as much as possible without contracting the muscles of the buttocks or thighs. The anthropometer is positioned in the midfrontal plane, parallel to the wall. The head is stabilized and positioned in the Frankfort plane by placing the hand under the subject’s jaw. The sliding bar of the anthropometer is brought down on the vertex of the head with sufficient pressure to depress the hair.

Trochanteric Height : The subject stands with the feet shoulder width apart, hands crossed in front of the body, and body weight evenly distributed on both feet. The anthropometer is positioned in the sagittal plane and perpendicular to the floor. The sliding bar of the anthropometer is lowered to the proximal head of the greater trochanter (previously marked with a body pencil).

Steel Tape
Biceps Girth : The subject stands with the right arm abducted, elbow flexed, and the forearm supinated. The tape is positioned around the arm. The subject is then requested to clench the fist, fully flex the elbow and contract the biceps as strongly as possible. The tape is then positioned so that it is perpendicular to the long axis of the arm and located at the place of maximum circumference.

Neck Girth : The subject stands or sits erect with the head in the Frankfort plane. The tape is placed just below the thyroid cartilage, which results in a slight downward slope of the tape, from back to front, in most subjects.

Abdominal (Waist) Girth : The subject stands erect, with the feet together and arms at the sides.
The tape is placed laterally, midway between the lowest lateral portion of the rib cage and the iliac crest and, anteriorly, midway between the xyphoid process of the sternum and the umbilicus. This is the “natural” waist and should result in the minimal abdominal circumference of this region.
Thigh Girth : The subject stands erect, feet at shoulder width and body weight distributed evenly on them. The arms are crossed in front of the body. The horizontal circumference of the right thigh is measured, from the side, at its greatest diameter, slightly below the level of the gluteal furrow. Thigh should be relaxed.

Forearm Girth : The subject stands erect, with the right arm abducted to the side horizontal position and the palm facing forward. The tape is positioned perpendicular to the long axis of the limb at the place of maximum circumference.
Calf Girth : The subject stands erect, feet at shoulder width and body weight distributed evenly on them. Horizontal circumference of the right calf is measured, from the side, at the level of its maximum circumference. Calf should be relaxed.

Skinfold Caliper
Subscapular Skinfold : The subject stands erect with the arms relaxed at the sides of the body.
An oblique fold of skin is raised just below the inferior angle of the scapula on the right side of the body. (The direction of the fold is downward laterally.) The caliper is applied midway between the crest and base of the fold and perpendicular to the midline of the fold.

Triceps Skinfold : The subject stands erect with the arms relaxed at the sides of the body. A vertical fold of skin is raised midway between the olecranon and acromion processes on the posterior side of the right arm. The caliper is applied midway between the crest and base of the fold, perpendicular to the midline of the fold.

Biceps Skinfold : The subject stands erect with the arms relaxed at the sides of the body. A vertical fold of skin is raised on the anterior side of the right upper arm, midway between the shoulder and elbow joints. The caliper is applied midway between the crest and the base of the fold and perpendicular to the midline of the fold.
Supraliliac Skinfold : The subject stands erect with the right arm moved forward or across the front of the body. A fold of skin is raised approximately one and one-half inches above the right anterior superior iliac spine so that the fold runs slightly downward, medially. The caliper is applied midway between the crest and the base of the fold and perpendicular to the midline of the fold.
Thigh Skinfold : The subject stands erect with the body weight supported by the left leg. The right leg is held in a relaxed position with the knee slightly flexed and the ankle in slight plantar flexion. An anterior fold of skin running parallel to the long axis of the thigh is raised midway between the hip and knee joints. The caliper is applied midway between the crest and base of the fold and perpendicular to the midline of the fold.

Calf Skinfold : From a standing position, the subject places the right foot on a bench. A fold of skin running parallel to the long axis of the right leg, just above maximum calf circumference, is raised on the medial side of the calf. The caliper is applied midway between the crest and the base of the fold and perpendicular to the midline of the fold.