Geology, Exploration and WorldView-3 New Satellite
Capabilities
Travis Schindler – Spatial Energy
Los Roques Archipelago, Venezuela | Mar 12, 2011 | WorldView-2 DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential

Today’s Clearest View of the Earth
… from the world’s most advanced constellation:
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Extending Technology Leadership
Late
2014
Introducing the 1 st multi-payload, super-spectral, high-resolution commercial satellite.
WorldView bus:
High-agility platform
Instrument:
Panchromatic + 8 Multispectral
8 SWIR + atmospheric correction bands
Resolution:
.31 meter, < 3.5 m CE90
DigitalGlobe » Overview DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 3

Sensor Introduction
ASTER
• Multispectral: 10 bands VNIR - SWIR.
• Pixels: 15, 30 m.
• SWIR failed.
CASI/SASI
• Airborne Hyperspectral: 186 bands VNIR -
SWIR.
• Pixels vary depending on altitude.
WorldView-3
• Multispectral: 16 bands VNIR-SWIR.
• Pixels: 1.2, 3.7 m.
• CAVIS instrument for atmospheric retrievals.
Launched: Aug.2014
Commercially
Available
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential

WV-3 Industry Leading Advantages
• SWIR
• Atmospheric Compensation
• Resolution
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WorldView-3 Bands: VNIR, SWIR and CAVIS
Blue Yellow
Red
Edge
Coastal Green Red NIR 1
VNIR 1.2 meter
Aerosol 1 Aerosol 2
NIR 2
Water 2
SWIR 1
NDVI - SWIR
Desert
Cloud
Green Water 1 Water 3
SWIR 2 SWIR 4
Cirrus
CAVIS 30 meter
Snow
SWIR 6 SWIR 8
SWIR 3
SWIR 3.7 meter
SWIR 5 SWIR 7
Aerosol 3
Aerosol 3
Cloud
Height
Parallax
300 500 700 900 1100
DigitalGlobe » Overview
1300 1500
Wavelength (nm)
1700 1900 2100 2300 2500
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 6

WV-3 and SWIR
(Short Wave Infrared)
Visible (V) Near Infrared (NIR)
Picture
Landsat 8
(30 m)
Veg Iron
ASTER
(15/30 m)
WV 2 - 3
(1.2 / 3.7)
WV 3 only
Short Wave Infrared (SWIR)
Man made Rocks
300 500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 7

What can we do with it?
Fe 3+ OH -
SO
4
/OH -
Alunite
Mineral Identification
• Band position
• Absorption shape
Concentration
• Band depth
Jarosite
400
Alunite and Jarosite differ only by Al / Fe:
Alunite (KAl
3
(OH)
6
Jarosite (KFe
3
(OH)
6
(SO
4
(SO
)
2
)
4
)
2
)
900 1400
Wavelength (nm)
1900 2400
*
Offset for Clarity
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential

Limitations and Consequences of Current Methods over come by WV3
Key negative outcomes enabled with current data
ASTER: Low resolution pixels. Archive only - SWIR failed in 2008.
Airborne: Weather delays, remote sites, complex permitting.
Misinformed decisions with economic consequences
Delayed
Exploration
Costly
Programs
Missed
Opportunity
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 9

Does resolution make a difference?
WV-3 vs ASTER
WV-3 simulation 3.5 m
SWIR Composite
ASTER actual 30 m
SWIR Composite
DigitalGlobe » Overview DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 10

WV-3 Science and Theory
• Radiance and Reflectance
- Data normalization
• Material Identification
- Spectroscopy
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential

What’s Radiance?
radiance vs reflectance
Radiance is what a satellite measures.
It is ‘how much energy’; light or heat as reflected by something
- Things look different when they are brightly or dimly lit.
- This is radiance.
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 12

Why Reflectance?
radiance vs reflectance
Reflectance is a constant, predictable property of the material.
- Reflectance is a ratio. OUT/IN = reflectance
- This is reflectance.
50% 50%
“Percent of light that is reflected!”
Out
Out
In In
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 13

Light-Matter Interaction
The Options
1. Reflect
2. Absorbed as heat
“Spectral scientist wants both”
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential Water Molecule | Light-Matter interaction

WV-3 Enables Seismic and Geology Mapping
• Cuprite Surface Mineralogy
• Uluru Structure and Stratigraphy
• Seismic near-surface velocity
• Exotic minerals / alteration
• Value of resolution
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“Lisbon Valley Model”
Hydrocarbon (HC) Spectral/Geochem Model
A - Trapped HC in subsurface (can be either structural or stratigraphic trap)
B - HCs migrate upward along micro fractures, fracture systems, and fault zones. The presence of HC molecules tend to generate a reducing environment, thereby liberating metal ions. This is particularly applicable in clastic rocks containing detrital Fe and Mg
C - Metal ions near the surface are washed away by groundwater. The resulting outcrops and residual soils appear anomalously altered or “bleached”

Exploration
True Color “GE-1, WV-2”
Cuprite, Nevada USA | AVIRIS| 3.7 m | WorldView 2 Color Simulation DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential

Exploration - Spectral Advantage
WV-1 Panchromatic WV2 Color WV3 Mineral Mapping
Cuprite, Nevada USA| 0.5 m, 2.0 m, 7.5 m | WorldView 1, 2, and 3
Clay
Mica
Carbonate
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 18

Satellite Stereo Collection
• Stereo derived from:
Single pass fore and aft collections.
Adjacent passes
• Coincident multispectral imagery .
~ 35 degree forward
DEM Availability
• Advanced Elevation Series
• SAAB Vricon
~ 35 degree aft
Stereo Satellite Imaging Geometry
+/- 10 degrees off nadir
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 19

Uluru, Australia
Uluru, AU | Digital Elevation Model | 2 m | WorldView 1 and 2 | 6 perspectives DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 20

Uluru Rock, Australia
Uluru Rock, AU | Digital Elevation Model | 2 m | WorldView 2 False Color IR Drape DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 21

Uluru Rock, Australia
85
Uluru Rock, AU | Digital Elevation Model | 2 m | WorldView 2 False Color IR Drape DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 22

Uluru, Australia
Legend
Conglomerate
Arkose
Folded Proterzoic sedimentary rocks
Igneous and metamorphic rocks
Palaeozoic rocks
Alluvial sediments
Uluru, AU | Geologic Map and Cross Section
Graphic Source:
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 23

Surface geology for Seismic Noise
1 km 1 km
Example Ortho and DEM
1 km 1 km
WorldView-2
Precision Ortho
WorldView-2
Precision Ortho
WorldView-2
DEM Image www.photosat.ca
WorldView-2
DEM Image www.photosat.ca
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential

Surface geology for Seismic Noise
Improved-Detailed: Near surface velocity
ANDREAS LAAKE and AYMAN ZAGHLOUL, WesternGeco: TLE Feb 2009
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Geologic Mapping
Colorado Plateau, Utah USA
AVIRIS Flight
To Update Footer, Find Header & Footer in Insert Tab and Apply to All
20 km
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 26

Sedimentary Rock Components
Colorado Plateau, Utah USA
False Color IR
WV-3 Simulation
Canyon Lands, Utah USA | AVIRIS| 3.3 m | False Color IR DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 27

Sedimentary Rock Components
Canyon Lands, Utah USA
Calcite
Kaolinite
Mixture:
Calcite + Kaolinite
Spectral Matching
WV-3 Simulation
Canyon Lands, Utah USA | AVIRIS| 3.3 m | Spectral Angle Map for Calcite & Kaolinite DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 28

Baba Dome
Northern Iraq
Overturned anticlines
Altered SW thrust flanks
Reducing fluid alteration
“Bleached’
Resolution is Crucial!
Landsat Decorrelated
Bands - altered exposures in white
Landsat Enhanced
True Color Composite image width ~35 km

ASTER: mineral alteration near oil seeps
30 meter, 10-band
“orange” class reflects smectite, altered w/Fe loss
“blue” class reflects illite, chlorite/epidote, and Mg silicate

WV-2: mineral alteration near oil seeps
2.0 meter, 8-band image width ~4 km

Ready for Field Checking using GPS

WV-3 Extended Environmental Applications
• Smoke Penetration
• Oil Seeps and Spills
• Vegetation Health and Mapping
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Smoke Penetration in SWIR
• Station Fire, Los Angeles National Forest, CA
• Advanced Land Imager (ALI) 03 SEP 2009
“Seeing a better world”
True color SWIR-6 (2215 nm)
Cloud Cloud
Smoke
Station Fire, Los Angeles, CA | ALI Image | WV3 Simulation | 30 m
Active
Fire
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 34

Louisiana Oil Spill 2010:
Mapping marsh oil using simulated WV-3 SWIR data.
Marsh oil mapped by spectral matching of simulated WV3 data.
Barataria Bay, Louisiana USA| AVIRIS| 3.5 m | WorldView 3 Simulation DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 35

Spectral basis for vegetation indices
Unique absorption due to plant components
Chlorophyll
Dryness
CP = carotenoid pigments
CHL = chlorophyll
LW = leaf water
LB = leaf bio-chemicals
(e.g. lignin, cellulose).
Graphic Source:
Rockwell, 2009
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 36

Environmental
Vegetation Status: 4 band
0,7
0,6
0,5
Juniper
Pinon Pine
Dry Grass
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
0
400 600
NDVI Bands
800
Wavelength (nm)
1000
Vegetation Spectra | 4 Band | GeoEye 1
1200
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential

Environmental
Vegetation Status: 8 band + SWIR
0,7
0,6
0,5
Juniper
Pinon Pine
Dry Grass
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
0
400 600 800
Wavelength (nm)
1000
Finer Tuning
SWIR leaf moisture
1200
Vegetation Spectra | 16 Band | WorldView 3 DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential

Summary
Good
(4 band)
Better
(8 band)
Best
(16 band)
Exploration
General Geologic
Mapping
Reclamation &
Environmental
Identify damaged areas
Operations
Plan pads and pipelines
Identify Rock
Types improved accuracy. Improve
Seismic operations
Identify damaged areas as well as impending damage
Identify multiple minerals. Improve seismic signal
Identify damaged areas and impending damages by species
Plan pads and pipelines including some surface geology
Plan operations with better geology approaching strength of materials
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 39

Final Words
WV3 will bring unprecedented capabilities in:
Pixel resolution
Accuracy
Multispectral Band Width and Resolution
To the Information Challenges faced in Worldwide Oil and Gas Exploration and Production
For technical papers and Worldview 3 simulation data go to: www.digitalglobe.com/wv3-resources
EnhancedConstellation@DigitalGlobe.com
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 40

ww.w.spatialenergy.com

DEM Definitions
• Digital Terrain Model (DTM) =
Earth surface without vertical objects.
• Digital Surface Model (DSM) =
Earth surface with vertical objects (e.g. trees, buildings).
• Digital Height Model (DHM) =
[DSM – DTM] leaving ONLY vertical features .
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 42

DEM Specifications
Product Accuracy
Resolution
Relative Vertical
(LE90)
Absolute Vertical
(LE90)
Relative Horizontal
(CE90)
Absolute
Horizontal (CE90)
Mapping
8 m
5 m
8 m
8 m
10 m
Precision
4 m
2 m
4 m
4 m
5 m
Very High
Precision
2 m
1 m
2 m
2 m
3 m
The vertical accuracies are based on low to medium relief areas that generally have a slope less than
30%. For rugged areas that have a consistent slope >30%, the values above can be scaled by 1.5.
Source: DigitalGlobe web site “Advanced Elevation Series”
DigitalGlobe Proprietary and Business Confidential 43