Graphics
Introduction to
Computer Graphics
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Computer Graphics?
CGVR
Image Analysis
(pattern recognition,
Computer Vision)
Mathematical
Model
Image
Computer Graphic
Modeling
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Image processing
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What is Computer Graphics?
(1/2)

Definition


CGVR
Producing pictures or images using a computer
Example
Courtesy of Tippet Studio
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What is Computer Graphics?
(1/2)

Definition


CGVR
Producing pictures or images using a computer
Example
Courtesy of Tippet Studio
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What is Computer Graphics?
(1/2)

Definition


CGVR
Producing pictures or images using a computer
Example

Bugs:
Courtesy of Tippet Studio
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What is Computer Graphics?
(1/2)

Definition


CGVR
Producing pictures or images using a computer
Example

The Final Stage: Burning the bugs
Courtesy of Tippet Studio
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What is Computer Graphics?
(1/2)

Definition


CGVR
Producing pictures or images using a computer
Example

Batman & Robin: The Love Dust
Courtesy of Buf Compagnie
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What is Computer Graphics?
(1/2)

Definition


CGVR
Producing pictures or images using a computer
Example

Batman & Robin: The Love Dust
Courtesy of Buf Compagnie
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What is Computer Graphics?
(1/2)

Definition


CGVR
Producing pictures or images using a computer
Example

Batman & Robin: The Love Dust
Courtesy of Buf Compagnie
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What is Computer Graphics?
(1/2)

Definition


CGVR
Producing pictures or images using a computer
Example

Batman & Robin: The Love Dust
Courtesy of Buf Compagnie
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What is Computer Graphics?
(1/2)

Definition


CGVR
Producing pictures or images using a computer
Example

Batman & Robin: The Love Dust
Courtesy of Buf Compagnie
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What is Computer Graphics?
(1/2)

Definition


CGVR
Producing pictures or images using a computer
Example

Batman & Robin: The Love Dust
Courtesy of Buf Compagnie
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What is Computer Graphics?
(1/2)

Definition


CGVR
Producing pictures or images using a computer
Example

Batman & Robin: The Love Dust
Courtesy of Buf Compagnie
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What is Computer Graphics?
(2/2)

Imaging


Representing 3D objects
Rendering


Representing 2D images
Modeling


CGVR
Constructing 2D images from 3D models
Animation

Simulating changes over time
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Applications





CGVR
Display of Information
Design
Simulation
Computer Art
Entertainment
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Display of Information

CGVR
Graphics for Scientific, Engineering, and
Medical Data
Nebula
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Medical Image
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Design
CGVR

Graphics for Engineering and Architectural
System
 Design of Building, Automobile, Aircraft,
Machine etc.
AutoCAD 2002
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Interior Design
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Simulation

CGVR
Computer-Generated Models of Physical,
Financial and Economic Systems for
Educational Aids
Flight Simulator
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Mars Rover Simulator
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Computer Art

CGVR
Graphics for Artist
Metacreation Painter
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Entertainment

CGVR
Graphics for Movie, Game, VR)Virtual Reality)
and etc.
Final Fantasy
Online Game
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Representations in graphics
CGVR
Vector Graphics
 Image is represented by continuous geometric
objects: lines, curves, etc.
Raster Graphics
 Image is represented as an rectangular grid of
coloured squares
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Vector graphics





CGVR
Graphics objects: geometry + colour
Complexity ~ O(number of objects)
Geometric transformation possible without
loss of information )zoom, rotate, …)
Diagrams, schemes, ...
Examples: PowerPoint, CorelDraw, ...
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Raster graphics







CGVR
Generic
Image processing techniques
Geometric Transformation: loss of information
Complexity ~ O(number of pixels)
Jagged edges, anti-aliasing
Realistic images, textures, ...
Examples: Paint, PhotoShop, ...
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Vector Graphics Hardware
CGVR
Display list
continuous & smooth
lines
no filled objects
random scan
refresh speed depends
on complexity of the
scene
move 10 20
line 20 40
...
char O
VECTOR
char R
Display Controller
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Raster Graphics Hardware
CGVR
Frame buffer
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 7 7 7 6
0 7 7 7
0 0 0
Video Controller
RASTER
0 0
0
jaggies (stair casing)
filled objects
(anti)aliasing
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
refresh speed independent of
scene complexity
pixel
scan conversion
resolution
bit planes
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Generating graphics

Special-purpose programs


CGVR
Photoshop, Powerpoint, AutoCAD, StudioMax,
Maya, Blender, PovRay, …
General graphics libraries and standards

Windows API, OpenGL, Direct3D,…
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
What’s Our Scope?

Not a Tutorial on Commercial Software


3DMax, Maya, Photoshop, etc.
Not about Graphics Business


CGVR
3D online-game, E-commerce, etc.
Graphics = Algorithm for Visual Simulation

Imaging, Modeling, Rendering, Animation
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
CG standards
CGVR

Set of graphics functions, to be called from
programming language
 Access to and abstract from hardware
 Standardization
Fortran, Pascal, …
Display
Input dev.
1975
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
C, C++, Java, Delphi,…
CG API
Drivers
Display
Input dev.
From 2000
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Functions

Graphics Output Primitives


Line, polygon, sphere, …
Attributes


CGVR
Color, line width, texture, …
Geometric transformations

Modeling, Viewing

Shading and illumination
 Input functions
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Textbook

CGVR
Computer Graphics
C Version

D. Hearn and M. P. Baker
 2nd Edition
 PRENTICE HALL
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Schedule
CGVR
1st week
Introduction to Computer Graphics
2nd week
Mathematics for Computer Graphics
3rd week
Output Primitives
Chapter 3
4th week
Attributes of Output Primitives
Chapter 4
5th week
2D Geometric Transformations
Chapter 5
6th week
2D Viewing
Chapter 6
7th week
Midterm
8th week
Term Project Proposal Presentation
9th week
3D Object Representations
Chapter 10
10th week
3D Geometric and Modeling Transformations
Chapter 11
11th week
3D Viewing
Chapter 12
12th week
Illumination Models
Chapter 14
13th week
Surface-Rendering Methods
Chapter 14
14th week
Visible-Surface Detection Methods
Chapter 13
15th week
Computer Animation
Chapter 16
16th week
Final
17th week
Term Project Demo
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Chapter 1
Appendix A
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Assignments

Every 3 weeks




CGVR
#1: 2D drawing
#2: 2D transformations
#3: image enhancment
Windows Programming


C and C++ or Java
Not Using Graphics Library (OpenGL, DirectX, Java3D, etc.)
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University
Secrets for Success
CGVR

Learn the Math and NOT JUST the HACKS

THINK before You Code

Try to Develop Visual Debugging Skills

Seek the Help It’s too Late
cgvr.korea.ac.kr
Graphics Lab @ Korea University