WELCOME
RAILWAY SECURITY MONITORING
SYSTEM USING VIBRATION SENSOR
AND ZIGBEE
Project guide
 VISHNU.C.S
PRESENTED BY,
 ARUNA.S.J
 ASWATHY.S.
 ASWATHY.V.G
contents
 Introduction
 Existing system
 Focus on
 Components
 Block diagrams
 Descriptions
 Over all working
 Result and discussion
 Conclusion
 Reference
INTRODUCTION
 In the rapidly flourishing country like ours,
accidents in rail road railings are increasing day by
day.
 The train accidents cause severe damage to life
and property
 This project deals with one of the efficient method
to avoid train accidents.
FOCUS ON
•Train derailment in curves and
bends
•Collision between trains
•Automatic railway gate control
Components (base station)
•Micro controller(PIC 16f877a)
•Vibration sensor
•Servo motors
•ZigBee transceiver
Components (Train side)
•Micro controller(PIC 16f73)
•ZigBee transceiver
BLOCK DIAGRAMS
BASE STATION
Power
ZigBee
Microcontroller
(PIC 16f877a)
Vibration
sensor
Servo motor
for gate
control
TRAIN SIDE
Power
ZigBee
Microcontroller
(PIC 16f73)
Brake
control
ZIGBEE
 Networking protocol
 IEEE 802.15.4
 suite for high level communication
 Uses mesh network
 Based on OSI architecture
 Data rate-250 Kbits/sec
SERVO MOTOR
 Rotary actuator
 Modified form of DC motor
 Precise control of angular position
 Based on PWM switching
MICROCONTROLLER
PIC16f877a (Base station)
• 8-bit microcontroller.
• 40 or 44 pin package.
• 256 bytes of EEPROM data memory.
• Interfaced with the input sensing devices.
MICROCONTROLLER
PIC16f73 (TRAIN SIDE)
• 256 bytes EEPROM.
• 8 KB of flash memory.
• 28 pin package.
• Placed inside the train.
Vibration sensor
 Uses piezoelectric effect
 Vibration indicates the arrival or departure of
train.
 Sense the position of train at 1 to 3km away.
Continued….
types
 Mini sense 100-vertical
 Mini sense 100-horizontal
The sensor used here is mini sense 100 vertical
Continued….
Mini sense 100 vertical
 High sensitivity
 Good frequency response
 Excellent linearity
 Shielded construction
 Analog output
 With stands high shock
Collision between trains
 Sensor sense the vibration
 More than one sensor show high value
 µc sends signal to µc in train side
 Using zigbee transceiver section
 Power supply will cutoff
 Collision can avoided
TIP 122
 silicon Epitaxial-Base NPN power transistors
 switching applications.
 High power transistor
 Power dissipation - 2w
 DC collector current - 5v
 No of pins - 3
1. Base 2.Collector 3.Emitter
Train derailment in curves and bends
 Sensor sense continuously.
 µc doesn’t get value.
 µc sends signal to µc in train side
 Using zigbee transceiver section
 Power supply will cutoff
 Train will be stopped.
Automatic railway gate control
 Sensor sense vibration 3 km away.
 Output given to µc
 µc give instruction to close the gate
 Gate is closed automatically using servomotor.
 Gate is opened after the train is passing
Continued….
Automatic railway gate control
START
CHECK ANY
DATA PRESENT
IF
DATA RXED
FROM TRAIN
YES
GATE CLOSED
NO
OVER ALL WORKING
The proposed model makes use of ZigBee protocol as a medium of
transferring information
Result and Discussion
The sensors sense the input and sends to the microcontroller, where it
responds and gives
command to the particular component with predefined algorithm.
The time parameters are crucial
which can be easily changed and modified using Micro-controllers.
Thus, this device would work in
coherence would help to reduce the train collisions.
CONCLUSION
 In this project, an anti-collision system for trains have been
designed, simulated and tested.
 The simulation has been done using proteus electronic
simulation package
 Train collisions , de railing & rail road accidents are avoided.
 Hence it is expected that, major train mishaps can be
prevented and human life saved if this system is
implemented.
REFERENCE
 www.collision-avoidance.org
 www.vibrametrics.com;
 www.ni.com
 www.konkanrailway.com
 www.faadooengineers.com
THANKING YOU