Microbiology experiments 李玉军 讲师 病原学馆319室 实验室要求 物品放于走廊柜子内 穿白服 禁止吃东西、喝水 零食、水等禁止带入实验室 禁止开窗 值日 出勤 Project Laboratory Diagnosis of Pathogenic Enterobacterial Infection Isolation and identification of pyogenic cocci 微生物实验基本技能 细菌形态和特殊结构观察 流感病毒的血清学检测 考核方法 出勤 3’ ×5 报告 5’ ×5 考试 60’ 消毒、灭菌及无菌操作 热力灭菌法 干热灭菌器:160~170℃,维持2h 高压蒸气灭菌:103kPa(121℃ ),维持15~ 30min 紫外线灭菌 265nm,破坏DNA构型,干扰复制 常用消毒剂 无菌操作技术 普通实验室 超净工作台 生物安全 微生物实验基本技能 微生物实验基本方法 Bacterial culture Staining of bacteria Use of oil-immersion microscope 细菌分离培养 Pyogenic cocci Pathogenic enterobacteria 培养基制备 培养基种类 半固体培养基:适合保存细菌 斜面培养基:适合细菌的纯培养 液体培养基:适合细菌的扩增 培养基种类 细菌培养法 PURPOSE : To obtain information about bacterial biological characteristics METHODS : 平板划线法 斜面培养法 液体培养法 穿刺接种法 isolation and culture pure culture 平板划线法(Streak Plate Method) PURPOSE: Isolation and culture of bacteria growing together in a specimen 平板划线法 RESULT: observe the location and characteristics of the bacterial colonies: Size Shape: circular, irregular, spreading Color Density: transparent, or opaque Elevation Margin Hemolysis Surface: rough or smooth, dry or moist. Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes 纯种细菌培养法 液体培养法(Liquid Medium Culture) 穿刺培养法(Stab Culture) 斜面培养法(Agar Slope Method) 液体培养法细菌生长情况 菌 膜 对 照 沉淀 均匀浑浊 穿刺培养法细菌生长情况 有动力 无动力 有动力 Staining of Bacteria PURPOSE : To make bacteria more easily observable To acquaint you with Gram stain Gram stain 涂片(Smear): size of a dime to form a thin film 干燥(Dry) : air dry 固定(Fix): through the warm air above the flame two or three times. Gram stain Results: typical shapes and colors of the bacteria. Gram positive bacteria are violet colored and Gram negative cells are red colored. 油浸镜的使用 Use of The Oil-immersion Microscope Isolation and identification of pyogenic cocci Laboratory Diagnosis of Pathogenic Enterobacterial Infection