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The amount of energy
needed to cause a
chemical reaction to occur
The place on an enzyme
where it binds with its
substrate
Substance that starts or
speeds up a chemical
reaction, also known as an
enzyme
A chemical reaction that
results in a net release of
energy
The molecule on which
an enzyme acts
Two identical
molecules that result
from the splitting of
glucose
Chemical reactions that
involve the transfer of
electrons from one atom or
molecule to another.
The stage of cellular
respiration that occurs in
the presence of oxygen
Why are membranes
essential components of
aerobic respiration
Tiny packets of energy
First step or stage in
cellular respiration
The process by which living
things release the energy
stored in food molecules
The process of breaking
down pyruvates in the
absence of oxygen to
obtain energy
The slowing or stopping of an
early reaction in a
biochemical pathway when
levels of the end product
become high
How is catabolism different
from anabolism
The sum of the chemical
reactions in a cell.
The type of chemical reaction
that requires a net input of
energy + ∆G
How are proton pumps
used in cellular
respiration?
What is the primary role of
oxygen in cellular respiration
When ATP is broken
down to ADP and Pi,
what is the ∆G
Hydrolysis of starch (a
polysaccharide) will
yield….
Products of Cellular
Respiration
Three characteristics of
enzymes
Reactants of Cellular
Respiration
Biological Catalysts
ATP  ADP + P + ?
Contains Three Phosphoric
Acid Molecules, 1 Ribose
Molecule, and 1 Adenine
Molecule
Contains Two Phosphoric
Acid Molecules, 1 Ribose
Molecule, and 1 Adenine
Molecule
What is energy
coupling?
Where Cellular
Respiration occurs
(2 places in the cell)
Affected by temperature,
acidity, and the amount of
available substrate
A When ATP is produced
using molecules and
enzymes
Yeast cells undergoing
fermentation will
produce
Three main processes
of Electron Transport
Oxidative Phosphorylation
(chemiosmosis) is?
The Label the activation
energy and the ∆G of the
following reaction
Means “Splitting of Glucose”
When muscle cells do not
receive enough oxygen this
is formed
When fermentation
occurs, what molecule is
regenerated that keeps
glycolysis working
What happens in the
intermediate step
How many ATP’s can
be formed from each:
NADH and FADH2
in ETS
What is the maximum
number of ATPs that can be
produced in the overall
process of oxidative
respiration? Derive this.
Required for electron
trasport (complexes
embedded in the membrane
that facilitate e- transfer)
and pumping of H+ to
produce a gradient that
drives the synthesis of ATP
through ATP synthase
complexes embedded in
the membrane
3 for NADH
2 for FADH2
38
2 from Glycolysis
2 from Krebs
30 from NADH
4 from FADH2
Catalyst
Cytosol and
mitochondria
Active Site
Exergonic or
catabolic
ATP
Pyruvate
ETS
Final eacceptor
Endergonic or
anabolic
Anabolic means
to build up
reactions and
catabolic means
to breakdown
fermentation
Glycolysis
Cellular
Respiration
e- transfer
H+ pumping
H’s fall down the
gradient to
produce ATP
Metabolism
Used to make
ATP
When hydrolyis
of ATP-> ADP +
P is coupled to an
endergonic
reaction and vice
versa
ATP
Enzymes
Reaction rate
of an enzyme
Glucose
monomers
-7 kcal/mol
CO2 + H20
(ATP)
C6H12O6 +
O2
H2O
ADP
Reaction rate
of an enzyme
Ethanol
Using oxygen as
a final e- acceptor
to form water
helps to produce
ATP by using a
H+ gradient
Glycolysis
Pyruvate + coA
-acetyl CoA
NADH, CO2
NAD+
Lactic Acid
AE = hump
Delta G = S-P
Feedback
inhibition
Substrate level
phosporylation
Activation
energy
38
OxidationReduction
Or electron