Chemical & Physical
Properties
Physical Properties
Properties that are unique for each substance and are
used to identify the substance itself
Physical state
Color
Odor
Texture
Clarity
Luster
Form
Hardness
Brittleness
Malleability
Ductility
Viscosity
Melting point
Boiling point Density
Chemical Property
Properties of a substance that we observe when it
reacts or does not react with other substances
Ability to react with oxygen
iron rust in moist air; gold doesn’t
Ability to burn
hydrogen burns in oxygen but nitrogen doesn’t
Ability to react with acid
Zinc reacts with acid; but glass doesn’t
Physical Change
No new substance is produced
Substances remains the same even
with a change of state
May involve the addition of energy
or release of energy
Outside may look different, Particles may be
rearranged but the substance is still the same.
Physical Change - Examples
Mixing sugar and water
Ice melting into water
Solid wax to liquid wax
Changing shape
Chemical Change
Final substance is substantially different
than initial substance
New substance is always produced
Energy is usually released but may be
required to get the change going
Signs of a Chemical Change
Forming of Gas
Forming of a solid (precipitate)
Release or absorption of energy
Color change
Chemical Change - Examples
Vinegar and baking soda mix to
form carbon dioxide
Iron and oxygen and water react to
form rust