Ionic Charges
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What kind of charge do ions formed from
metals have? Nonmetals?
What is the difference between Cu and Cu2+?
Cu is the neutral atom of copper; Cu2+ is the
cation of Cu, which has lost 2 electrons
What is the difference between Cu2+ and Cu+?
Cu2+ indicates the loss of 2 electrons; Cu+
indicates the loss of one electron
What does the ionic formula for hypochlorite,
ClO-, indicate?
that the atoms in a hypochlorite ion act as a
unit with an overall charge of 1-
Monatomic ions
ions consisting of only one atom, the ionic
charges can often be determined by using
the PT
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Li+
Ionic Charges of Representative Elements
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3
4
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Be2+
N3O2F-
Na+
Mg2+
K+
Ca2+
Rb+
Sr2+
Cs+
Ba2+
Al3+
P3-
S2-
Cl-
As3-
Se2-
Br-
I-
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Cations of the transition metals have more than 1 common ionic charge
Formulas and Names of Common Metal Ions with More than One Ionic Charge
Formula
Stock Name
Classical Name
Cu+
Copper (I) ion
Cuprous ion
Cu2+
Copper (II) ion
Cupric ion
Fe2+
Iron (II) ion
Ferrous ion
Fe3+
Iron (III) ion
Ferric ion
Hg22+
Mercury (I) ion
Mercurous ion
Hg2+
Mercury (II) ion
Mercuric ion
Pb2+
Lead (II) ion
Plumbous ion
Pb4+
Lead (IV) ion
Plumbic ion
Sn2+
Tin (II) ion
Stannous ion
Sn4+
Tin (IV) ion
Stannic ion
Cr2+
Chromium (II) ion
Chromous ion
Cr3+
Chromium (III) ion
Chromic ion
Mn2+
Manganese (II) ion
Manganous ion
Mn3+
Manganese (III) ion
Manganic ion
Co2+
Cobalt (II) ion
Cobaltous ion
Co3+
Cobalt (III) ion
Cobaltic ion
Transition Metals
• -suffix “-ous” is used to name the cation
with the lower of the two ionic charges
• ous, less
• suffix “-ic” is used to name the cation with
the higher of the two charges
• Silver (Ag) is a transition metal that nearly
always has a 1+ charge
• Cadmium and Zinc are transition metals
that nearly always have a 2+ charge
What is the charge of the ion
typically formed by each element?
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sulfur
lead, 4 electrons lost
strontium
argon
bromine
copper, 1 electron lost
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S2Pb4+
Sr2+
no ion
BrCu1+
Name the ion and state whether it is a cation or an
anion
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Sulfur
• sulfide ion/anion
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lead, 4 electrons lost
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strontium
Argon
• lead (IV) ion or Plumbic
ion/cation
• strontium ion/cation
• no ion
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bromine
copper, 1 electron
lost
• bromide ion/anion
• copper (I) ion or cuprous
ion/cation
Polyatomic Ions
• tightly bound groups of atoms that behave
as a unit and carry a charge.
• Examples:
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Nitrate ion NO3Phosphate ion PO43Sulfate ion SO42Ammonium ion NH4+
Naming
• “-ite”
and
“-ate”
• (less)
(more)
• These terms refer only to
the number of oxygen
atoms involved. It doesn’t
tell you how many, it just
tells you which one has
more or less
“ite”
SO32- sulfite
“ate”
SO42sulfate
NO2- nitrite NO3- nitrate
ClO2chlorite
ClO3chlorate
Common Polyatomic Ions
1- charge
2- charge
3- charge
Formula
Name
Formula
Name
Formula
Name
H2PO4-
Dihydrogen
phosphate
HPO42-
Hydrogen
phosphate
PO33-
Phosphite
C2H3O2-
Acetate
C2O42-
Oxalate
PO43-
Phosphate
HSO3-
Hydrogen sulfite
SO32-
Sulfite
HSO4-
Hydrogen sulfate
SO42-
Sulfate
HCO3-
Hydrogen
carbonate
CO32-
Carbonate
NO2-
Nitrite
CrO42-
Chromate
NO3-
Nitrate
Cr2O72-
Dichromate
CN-
Cyanide
SiO32-
Silicate
OH-
Hydroxide
MnO4-
Permanganate
ClO-
Hypochlorite
ClO2-
Chlorite
ClO3-
Chlorate
ClO4-
Perchlorate
1+ charge
Formula
Name
NH4+
Ammonium
Ionic Charges Review Questions
• Write the formula for
each ion
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ammonium ion
tin (II) ion
chromate
nitrate ion
cyanide ion
iron (III) ion
permanganate ion
manganese (II) ion
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NH4+
Sn2+
CrO42NO3CNFe3+
MnO4Mn2+
Ionic Charges Review Questions
• Write the symbol for
each ion. Be sure to
include the charge
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oxide ion
lead (II) ion
lithium ion
nitride ion
cupric ion
fluoride ion
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O2Pb2+
Li+
N3Cu2+
F-
Ionic Charges Review Questions
• Name the following
ions
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Ba2+
IAg+
Hg2+
P3Sn4+
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barium ion
iodide ion
silver ion
mercury (II) ion
phosphide ion
tin (IV) ion
Ionic Charges Review Questions
• Name the following
ions
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OHPb4+
SO42O2HPO42Cr2O72Al3+
ClO2-
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hydroxide
lead (IV)
sulfate
oxide
hydrogen phosphate
dichromate
aluminum
chlorite