Nickel (Ni)
 a transition metals
 A silvery-white lustrous
metal with a slight golden
tinge
 The fifth most abundant
element in the earth
 Common in the crust
Atomic number
Nickel28
(Ni)
Atomic mass
58.71 g.mol -1
Density
8.9 g.cm-3 at 20°C
Melting point
1453 °C
Boiling point
2913 °C
Discovered by
Alex Constedt 1751
Applications

Nickel (Ni)
85% of metallic nickel used in combination with other
metals alloys
1. Used in gas turbines and rocket engines
- easy to work and can be drawn into wire
- resist corrosion even at high temperatures
gas turbines
rocket engines
Nickel (Ni)
2. Used for propeller shaft in boats
and desalination plants
- Monel: an alloy of nickel and copper
- Hard, can resist the corrosion by sea water
Monel
3. Used to make stainless steel
- used very widely in the home, in architecture,
- in health care, in food processing and
- throughout industry.
Stainless steel cutlery
Nickel (Ni)
4. Used to make Nickel-cadmium battery
 Small NiCd dry cells are used for portable electronics and toys
 rechargeable battery
 often using cells manufactured in the same sizes as primary cells
at the cadmium electrode
at the nickel electrode
The net reaction during discharge is
Nickel-cadmium battery
Nickel (Ni)
5. Use as catalyst
 Alkenes can react with hydrogen at high temperature (150
℃) to produce alkanes.
 catalytic hydrogenation
 Use to make margarine from animal oils and vegetable oils
6. Used for making nickel steels
 added to give increased strength and toughness over
that obtained with the ordinary rolled structural steel
 adapted for case-hardening
Nickel (Ni)
7. Used in nickel-copper alloys and nickel silver

nickel-copper alloys:
- improves strength and corrosion resistance
- good ductility is retained
- excellent resistance to marine corrosion and biofouling
 Nickel silver
- used in better-quality keys, making musical
instruments (e.g. cymbals, saxophones), production of
coins.
- marine fittings and plumbing fixtures
for its corrosion resistance, and heating
Nickel silver coins
Nickel (Ni)
8. Used to make malleable nickel, nickel clad, Inconel
and other superalloys


Inconel: nickel-chromium-based superalloys
common in gas turbine blades, seals, and combustors, in the
boilers of waste incinerators etc.
9. Used in plating
 commonly used in engineering coating applications
where wear resistance, hardness and corrosion
protection are required
10. Use for nickel cast irons
 Used in cast iron bridges, buildings, textile mills
Nickel (Ni)
11. Used in heat and electric resistance alloys e.g.
Nichrome
 widely used in electric heating elements,
such as in hair dryers, electric ovens,
soldering iron, toasters, and even
electronic cigarettes
12. Used for nickel brasses and bronzes
 it is composed of 70% copper, 24.5% zinc and 5.5% nickel
used to make pound coins in the pound sterling currency
Nickel (Ni)
Nickel compounds
1. Nickel (II) sulphate
 useful for electroplating nickel
2. Nickel (II) chloride

produced by dissolving nickel residues in hydrochloric
acid
3. Nickel(III) oxide

used as the cathode in many rechargeable batteries, e.g.
nickel-cadmium