CLASSIFYING MATTER
Classifying Matter Chart
Molecules
• A molecule is formed when two ore more
atoms join together.
• For example: A water molecule is formed
when two hydrogen atoms bond with an
oxygen atom.
Pure Substance
• A Pure Substance is matter that has
definite chemical and physical
properties.
• It is made of only one kind of particle.
Aluminum Foil is made of
only aluminum molecules.
Sugar is made of only sugar
molecules.
Pure Substance
• Pure Substances come in
two types:
Elements
GOLD
&
Compounds
WATER
Elements
• An element is a pure substance that is made of
only one type of atom.
• All of the matter around you is made of one
element, or a combination of elements.
• Elements are organized on a chart called The
Periodic Table.
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If it’s not on here,
it’s not an element!
Compounds
• A compound is a pure substance made of two
or more elements that are chemically
combined.
• Water is an example of a compound. It is
made of two types of atoms: Hydrogen and
Oxygen.
– But these atoms are chemically bonded together in to one H20
particle.
Mixtures
• A mixture contains two or more pure substances that
are mixed together, not chemically combined.
• Mixtures can mix pure substances, compounds, or
both.
• Mixtures also come in two types:
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous
• In a homogeneous mixture, the different
substances are mixed very thoroughly.
• Sometimes they are mixed so well you cannot
tell that there is more than one substance in
the mixture.
Heterogeneous
• In a heterogeneous mixture, you can see the
different substances that have been combined.
• A heterogeneous substance is not mixed evenly, it is
not the same throughout. You can see all of the
different parts.
Solutions
• A solution is the name for
homogenous mixture that is so
well mixed, you can no longer see
the different substances.
• Solutions have two parts:
Solvent &
Solute
Solvent
• The solvent in a solution is what you have the
most of. This is what you dissolve another
substance in.
• For example:
– If you are dissolving sugar in to a glass of iced tea –
the iced tea is the solvent. You have much more
tea than sugar.
Solute
• The solute in a solution is the
substance you have the least of.
This is the substance that gets
dissolved.
• For example:
– In our iced tea example, sugar is the solute. You
have far less sugar than iced tea.
Solubility
• Solubility is a measure of how
well a solute can dissolve in a
solvent at a given temperature.
• The solubility of a substance tells
you how much of it you can add
before it will not be able to
dissolve any more.
Solubility
• Think About It:
– You are making homemade chocolate milk with milk and
chocolate syrup.
– If you add too much syrup to the milk, when you finish there
will be chocolate syrup stuck to the bottom of the glass.
– This is because the milk can only have so much syrup
dissolved into it before it can’t take any more.
Assignment - Copy the following chart
Mixtures
Homogeneous Heterogeneous
Pure Substances
Elements
Compounds
Assignment – Classify the following
substances using your chart
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water
hydrogen
soup
soil
diamond
sugar
sulfur
iron sulfide
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mercury
nitrogen
salt
bread
gold
aspirin
iron
brass
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sausage
cement
oxygen
human body
chop suey
air