• Class Expectations
– You can show respect by…
• Listening when the teacher or others are talking.
– One speaker at a time, please raise your hand.
• Please no cross-room conversations during work
time.
– You can be responsible by…
• Staying organized and avoiding distraction.
• Staying focused on task completion.
– You can make good choices by…
• Attending class regularly
• Doing your best and never giving up.
– Be Safe!
• First, last, and always.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Animalia
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Domains and Kingdoms
Domain
Bacteria
Archaea
Kingdom
Bacteria
Archaea
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
(No
nucleus)
Prokaryotic
(No
nucleus)
Eukaryotic
(Nucleus)
Eukaryotic
(Nucleus)
Eukaryotic
(Nucleus)
Eukaryotic
(Nucleus)
Single or
MultiCellular
Single
(Unicellular)
Single
(Unicellular)
Single
(Unicellular)
Multicellular
Multicellular
Multicellular
Gets
Energy
from..
Varies
Varies
Varies
Sunlight
Absorbs
Consumes
Food
Heterotrophs
Cell Type Prokaryotic
\

Characteristics of Animalia.
-
-
Learn more about the characteristics of animals at…
http://animals.about.com/od/animal-facts/a/animalcharacteristics.htm
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

No cell walls.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have a period of embryonic
development.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have a period of embryonic
development.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have Diplontic life cycle.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have Diplontic life cycle.
 Genetic
information can come from a mother
and father. (Many species)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Fertilization: The joining of the egg and the
sperm.
– The sperm and egg contain genetic information
that will allow this one cell to multiply into
trillions.
Copyright
© 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals eat food.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals eat food.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals move.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals move.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have muscle tissue.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have muscle tissue.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have nervous tissues.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Asexual reproduction: A mode of
reproduction by which offspring arise from a
single parent.
– The offspring inherit the genes of that parent
only, it’s reproduction which does not involve
meiosis or fertilization.
• A few ways animals reproduce without two
parents.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Budding: Offspring develop as a growth on
the body of the parent.
Offspring
• Fragmentation: As certain tiny worms grow
to full size, they spontaneously break up
into 8 or 9 pieces. Each of these fragments
develops into a mature worm, and the
process is repeated.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Many Echinoderms can shed a arm “comet” that can
regrow the disc and further arms.
• Parthenogenesis ("virgin birth"), the
females produce eggs, but these develop
into young without ever being fertilized.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Asexual Reproduction.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jk2RJm5RBEk

Animals have three types of symmetry.
-
-
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Bilateral symmetry.
 Same
on both sides.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Radial Symmetry.
 Arranged
equally in all directions from a
central point.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Asymmetrical.
 Having
no symmetry.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Short article about animal symmetry at…
http://www.decodedscience.com/animal-body-planssymmetry-in-action/13171
• Quiz 1-10 Name the type of symmetry
• “Let’s do it with symbols”
– One finger “Index Please!” (Bilateral)
– All five fingers (Radial)
– Just a fist (asymmetrical)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Clam Open
Clam Shut
• Bonus –TWILIGHT?

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums
and Animalia.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Goal, you can look at most any animal on
the planet and be able to identify it to the
phylum.
– Instead of…”Oh, a worm thing with eyes.”
– “This is a member of the Kingdom Animalia in
the phylum Platyhelminthes commonly called
a flatworm.”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Earthworm
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Caution! Graphic Images of Animal Phyla
Ahead.
If you have some
sort of serious phobia
please alert the
Teacher.
• Placozoa: The simplest animal known.
– Smallest amount on DNA of any animal.
really sure
where
– Taxonomist
Made of only aren’t
a few thousand
cells.
they
• It only
gohas
because
four types
only
of cells
a few
compared
havetoever
our 200
types,
been
observed.
– 3 mm across.
– May have been the first type of animal evolving
from single celled Protists.
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Metazoan animals: They are multicellular,
mitochondrial eukaryotes with differentiated
tissues, including nerves and muscles.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Porifera – Sponges
 Asymmetrical.
• Video! Sea Sponge filter feeding.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T7E1rq7zHLc
Learn more about Porifera / sponges at…
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/invertebrates/sponge/
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Coral
Annelida
Anemone
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Ctenophora
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Coral
Annelida
Anemone
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Cnidaria – Stinging cells.
 Silent
C (ni dérree ən).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Cnidaria – Stinging cells.
 Silent
C (ni dérree ən).
 Radial symmetry.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Jellies don’t have a brain, central nervous
system, circulatory system, respiratory
system, excretory system, and they have an
incomplete digestive system.
• Phylum Cnidaria:
– Jellyfish is a misnomer.
• Phylum Cnidaria:
– Jellyfish is a misnomer. They are not fish and
do not even have a backbone.
• Phylum Cnidaria:
– Jellyfish is a misnomer. They are not fish and
do not even have a backbone.
– They have roamed the seas for over 500 million
years (oldest multi-cellular creature)
Bud
• Two layers of cells.
– The outer layer is known as the ectoderm
or epidermis.
– Layer in the middle is jelly.
– Inner layer is known as the endoderm or
gastrodermis.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Very diverse phylum.
– Anthozoa (true coral, sea anemones, sea
pens) 6000 spp
– Cubozoa (box jellyfish) 20 spp
– Hydrozoa (freshwater hydra, fire coral)
3000 spp
– Scyphozoa (true jellyfish) 200 spp
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Very diverse phylum.
– Anthozoa (true coral, sea anemones, sea
pens) 6000 spp
– Cubozoa (box jellyfish) 20 spp
– Hydrozoa (freshwater hydra, fire coral)
3000 spp
– Scyphozoa (true jellyfish) 200 spp
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Very diverse phylum.
– Anthozoa (true coral, sea anemones, sea
pens) 6000 spp
– Cubozoa (box jellyfish) 20 spp
– Hydrozoa (freshwater hydra, fire coral)
3000 spp
– Scyphozoa (true jellyfish) 200 spp
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Very diverse phylum.
– Anthozoa (true coral, sea anemones, sea
pens) 6000 spp
– Cubozoa (box jellyfish) 20 spp
– Hydrozoa (freshwater hydra, fire coral)
3000 spp
– Scyphozoa (true jellyfish) 200 spp
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is a…
– Coral (Anthozoa)
– Box Jelly (Cuboza)
– Hydra (Hydrozoa)
– True Jelly (Scyphozoa)
True
Hydra
Box
Coral
• Which is a…
– Coral (Anthozoa)
– Box Jelly (Cuboza)
– Hydra (Hydrozoa)
– True Jelly (Scyphozoa)
Hydra
Bud
Corals and
Anemones
Box
Jelly
True
Jelly
“Still a large
Cnidarian
however”
Learn more about the Phylum Cnidaria at…
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/cnidaria/cnidaria.html
• Video Link. Cnidaria and Ctenophora
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3HzFiQFF
QYw
• Video Link! Jellies of North America.
– More entertaining, less Taxonomic.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cc8JT4A7Sp4
Ctenophora
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Coral
Annelida
Anemone
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Comb Jellies belong to a different Phylum
called Ctenophora.
– They are shaped differently and have cilia to
propel themselves.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Example: Hemichordata (Acorn worms)
– The are not true chordates.
– Learn more about Hemichodata at..
– http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/chordata/hemicho
rdata.html
• Which one is Hemichordata (Acorn worms)
and which is a plate of hot dogs?
Hemichordata
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Earthworm
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• There are three types of worms
– Flatworms
– Roundworms
– Segmented worms
• There are three types of worms
– Flatworms?
– Roundworms?
– Segmented
ented worms?
wor

Phylum Nematoda
 The
Roundworms.
Can lay 27 million eggs during its life
and can lay more than 200,000 of
them in a single day.
Some scientists have estimated that there may
be as many as half a million more unkown
species of roundworm yet to be discovered,
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• No joke, this is the mouth of a parasitic
nematode that lives in your intestine and is
common to almost all humans.
• Nematodes have a round body cavity.
Learn more about Nematoda at…
http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Nematoda/ or
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/phyla/ecdysozoa/nematoda.html

Phylum Platyhelminthes.
 The
Flatworms.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Platyhelminthes.
 The
Flatworms.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) eat and
release waste from the same opening.
Learn more about the Phylum Platyhelminthes at…
http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Platy
helminthes/
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Also for the flatworm to
respire through diffusion
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Annelida
 The
segmented worms.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Video! Annelida (Leech Therapy)
– Caution! If you don’t like leeches, you won’t like
this news clip.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bYeqPvv5s_E
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Video Link! Leeches NOVA podcast
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKUAroimQrk
Learn more about Annelida at…
http://www.earthlife.net/inverts/annelida.html