N E T WO R K F U N DA M E N TA L S – C H A P T E R 10
SANDRA COLEMAN, CCNA, CCAI
Version 4.0
OBJECTIVES
Identify the basic network media required to make a LAN connection.
Identify the types of connections for intermediate and end device
connections in a LAN.
– Identify the pin out configurations for straight-through and crossover
cables.
- Identify the different cabling types, standards and ports used for WAN
connections.
- Define the role of device management connections when using Cisco
equipment.
Design an addressing scheme for an inter-network and assign ranges for
hosts, network devices and the router interface.
Compare and contrast the importance of network designs.
BASIC NETWORK MEDIA REQUIRED TO MAKE A LAN
CONNECTION
Select the appropriate hardware, including the cabling, to install several computers
together in a LAN
SELECTING THE APPROPRIATE LAN DEVICE
Routers
Act as the gateway, connecting LANs to other networks
Primary devices used to interconnect networks
Each port on a router connects to different networks – therefore requires a different
subnet!
Segments broadcast domains
Segments collision domains
Interconnect networks that use different technologies (LAN/WAN interfaces)
LAN – usually UTP cabling, can be fiber.
HUBS VS. SWITCHES
Hubs – less expensive, used in a very small LAN where low
throughput is OK
Switches – segments collision domains, interconnects
network segments, more expensive, but performance
makes it cost effective.
DEVICE SELECTION FACTORS
Planning ensures that all requirements and deployment options are considered.
FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN CHOOSING A SWITCH
Cost – determined by its capacity (# ports) and features (security, manageability, etc.)
Redundancy – how much do you need to adequately protect your network.
CHOOSING ROUTERS
Same considerations as a switch +
Expandability – can buy fixed and modular configurations. Modular provides expansion
slots to increase flexibilty.
OS features – security, QoS, VoIP, Multiple layer 3 protocols, special services (NAT, DHCP,
etc.)
Very expensive…get what you want initially to help keep costs to a minimum.
KNOW THE CABLE TYPES
Given a specific network connection, identify the type of cable required to make the
connection
TYPES OF MEDIA
UTP – 100m
Each type has advantages/disadvantages:
Fiber
Wireless
Cable length, cost, bandwidth, ease of
installation, susceptible to EMI/RFI
Attenuation: the
decrease in signal
strength along an
electrical or optical
cable.
WHY IS FIBER BETTER THAN COPPER?
Greater distance per cable run
Limited susceptibility to EMI/RFI
Greater bandwidth potential
Be able to identify cable and know what it is used for:
Straight thru – connecting unlike devices on different layers
Cross over – connecting like devices on same layer
Rollover – console connection from PC to switch/router
LAN CONNECTIONS
2 types of UTP interfaces
MDI (Media-dependent interface)– normal Ethernet pinout. Pins 1 & 2 Tx, pins 3 & 6 Rx.
Computers, servers, & routers all have MDI connections.
MDIX (Media-dependent interface-crossover) – Swaps the Tx pairs internally which allows the
end devices to be connected to a hub or switch with a straight-thru cable.
These can be setup by automatic detection and negotiating of MDI/MDIX operation of the port
OR by enabling the mechanism to electrically swap the Tx & Rx pairs.
IDENTIFYING CABLE - KNOW THIS! 10.2.2
Straight-thru – switch to router, PC to switch, PC to hub
Crossover – switch to switch/hub, hub to hub, router to router, pc to pc, pc to router (NIC to
Ethernet port)
WAN CONNECTIONS
For V.35 serial cables:
 Uses DB 60, Winchester 15 pin, and smart serial connectors
CONFIGURING A ROUTER OR SWITCH
Uses a rollover cable to connect COM port to console interface on a router.
DESIGN AN ADDRESSING SCHEME FOR AN INTERNETWORK
1st – KNOW the number of hosts you need on the network (pcs, printers, servers, ipphones, ip-camers, routers, switches, wireless access points, etc.) – look at the future!
Subnets? How many?
DESIGN AN ADDRESSING SCHEME FOR AN INTERNETWORK
Calculate the address ranges for sub networks
LET’S PRACTICE!
LET’S DO THIS ONE!
IMPORTANCE OF NETWORK DESIGNS
How many subnets? What kinds of cable?
IMPORTANCE OF NETWORK DESIGNS
Describe how to count the segments between router interfaces
VLSM – YOU ARE NOW READY TO LEARN IT!
I will give some examples on the board… be sure to write them down… and work as
many as possible.
You will have to use VLSM in your labs for this chapter. We will actually start
designing IP addressing schemes, setting up the PC’s and routers, and making
sure they all work
The labs we do in this chapter CLOSELY emulate what you will have to do for your
hands-on final.
Just pay attention and you can do this… it is simply subnetting a subnet….don’t make
it over-complicated!
ONE MORE TO GO!
Test – TBD…
Online Test - discuss
Study guide – due on test day
 Pg. 264 – Multiple choice (2 questions)
 Pg. 266-267 – Multiple Choice (3 questions)
 Pg. 267- Concept questions (2 questions)
 Pg. 268 – Multiple Choice (3 questions)
Labs –
 10-1, 10-2, 10-3 (you HAVE to know how to set this up)