Lathe Machines
Types of Lathes:
• Center Lathe
• Engine Lathe
• Bench Lathe
• Capstan & Turret Lathes
• Automatic Lathes
• Multi Spindle Lathes
• Vertical Turret Lathes
• CNC Lathes
Kinematic Scheme of Lathe Machine
Speed Gear Box
Tool Post
Headstock
Saddle
Chuck
Tail Stock
Feed rod
Feed Gear
Box
Lathe Bed
Half Nut
Apron
Carriage
Lead Screw
Lathe Machine – Pulley driven (Light Duty)
Lathe – All Geared High Speed Precision
Lathe – All geared (X- Y Movements)
The machining operations generally carried out in centre lathes are :
• Facing
• Centering
• Rough and finish turning
• Chamfering, shouldering, grooving, recessing etc
• Axial drilling and reaming by holding the cutting tool in the
tailstock barrel
• Taper turning by
offsetting the tailstock
swivelling the compound slide
using form tool with taper over short length
using taper turning attachment if available
combining longitudinal feed and cross feed, if feasible.
• Boring (internal turning); straight and taper
• Forming; external and internal
• Cutting helical threads; external and internal
• Parting off
• Knurling
A – Turret Locking Handle, B – Turret, C - Capstan Slide,
E - Capstan Slide Block, D - Capstan Rest, F - Sliding Bridge
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The capstan lathe, having a relatively short stroke of the
tool head and automatic indexing, results in a rapid
presentation of the tools to the work.
The turret lathe, on the other hand, is suitable for long
and heavy work, the larger size of machines having a
capacity for bar work up to 200 mm diameter X 1500
mm long or for chuck work up to 750 mm diameter.
Capstan lathes are limited to a maximum of 300 mm
diameter chuck works.
It is clear that turret lathes are larger, in size as
compared to capstan lathes. Unlike capstans, the turret
and dead stops on turret lathes have to be indexed into
position by hand.
Capstan and turret lathes give quite effectively the
normal accuracy required for interchangeable mass
production. The dimensional accuracy may be within
0.002 mm for turning and boring and within 0.005 mm
for reaming.
A – Headstock, B – Spindle, C - Pilot Bar, D – Tool post, E - Rear
Tool post, F - Cross slide, G - Intermediate saddle, H – Turret,
I - Turret Clamp Lever, J - Saddle Looking Lever, K - Star
Handle for Turret Operation, L - Turret Apron, M - Turret
saddle, N - Intermediate saddle Apron, O - Feed Gearbox
Mini Turret Lathe
Mini Capstan Lathe
Mini Capstan Lathe Specs:
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Max. Collet Cap (Round): mm 25 32 32 42
Spindle Bore dia:
mm 32 38 40 50
No.& Range of Speeds: RPM 3/ 650 to 1600, 3/ 650 to 1600
4/560 to 1600, 4/560 to 1600
Length of Bed: mm 980 980 1210 1210
Max. Dist. Between Spindle -to Turret Face: mm 275 275
400 400
Effective Travel of Capstan Slide: mm 95 95 130 130
Power Required: HP 2 2 2 3
Vertical Turret Lathe – CNC 16’ dia
Vertical Turret Lathe – 88” Dia Table (2 Turret heads)
Vertical Turret Lathe – CNC 46” dia
Multi Spindle Lathe – 6 Spindles
Shimada Machinery Co. Ltd, www.smd.co.jp
• The 6-Spindle Automatic Lathe uses one spindle for loading and
unloading.
• The other five spindles are used for turning
• The Multi-Spindle Automatic Lathe moves work pieces between 6 or 8
stations (processing locations), with processes such as boring, turning,
chamfering, screw cutting, grooving, and drilling conducted at separate
stations.
•Pos1 loading/unloading requires the most time. This longest position
time becomes the cycle time when using a 6 or 8 spindle automatic lathe