TRainCom® radio system
Product Presentation for České Dráhy
(Czech Rail)
By
www.tfk-racoms.com
Dr. Manfred Schienbein
Juergen Dangelmeyr
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
TRainCom® presentation – Contents
History and
TRainCom®
product
introduction
Services and
product
technology
Technical
features, track
layout and
infrastructure
examples
 Product history and company background
 TRainCom® product philosophy
 TRainCom® product family and key data
 Data services
 Working principles
 System architecture
 Radio planning and system characteristics
 Track layouts and costs
 Specialties for HST
 Hybrid Solutions
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 2
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
TELEFUNKEN roots reach back to the beginning of last century
1903
 First
semiconductor
based portable
HF Radio for
special
services
1997
1989
1941
1967
 Delivery of HF
Radio-shelters
type A for German
Army
 Development of
Transrapid radio
communication
system
1995
2000
1998
 Tactical HF Radio
System 7000 for
RRF
 Successful field
trial of mmWave
battlefield
communication
system
2004
1999
 German Navy
procures
Adaptive HF
System MAHRS
 Successful test
run of Transrapid
in Lathen (D)
TRainCom® radio system
2002
 Maiden Trip of
Shanghai
Transrapid
 Successful flight of
the unmanned
aerial vehicle Taifun
 Successful use of
Selective
Multicoupler on
Frigate 124
PAGE 3
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
TELEFUNKEN History for Train radio systems
First German railway radio
system in 1962 (460 MHz, digital)
Final system “Zugfunk 70”:
17000 locomotives and
4200 radio base stations (Germany)
Radios
Microwave radio tests 1970s
Other countries:
- Austria
- Ireland
- England
- Spain
- Yugoslavia
Train radio assembly
in Ulm (~1970)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 4
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
TELEFUNKEN History Train radio systems
System architecture 1970s
... and now
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 5
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Principle of the TRANSRAPID radio transmission
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 6
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Radio system TRainCom®: Product philosophy
 Construction set: Put stones correctly together
the TRainCom® product portfolio and philosophy
Radio planning
Radio
Know-How
HW
System engineering
SW
Commissioning
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 7
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Product families TRainCom®
Railway
systems
Mass
transit
(MT)
High speed
trains
(HST)
Construction set
Trams/Buses
philosophy
(TN)
for all
Magnetic
train systems
levitation
(MAGLEV)
• Data rates:
1 Mbps – 16 Mbps full duplex
for broadband applications  up to 800 times faster than GSM-R!
• Safety:
Low – High availability according to safety requirements
• Railway systems:
Light train – Mass Transit – Long distance rail traffic - High speed trains
• Applications
Internet on board – Telephony - CCTV – Signalling (CBTC)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 8
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Key data TRainCom® radio system

Data rate 2 – 4 Mbps full duplex (3.5 GHz)

Data rates 2, 5, 10, 16 Mbps full duplex (5.8 GHz)

Robust and reliable radio connection

Supported train velocities up to 500 km/h

Seam-/lossless handover between radio base stations

Scalable availability up to > 99.99%  CBTC

Fully IP-based

Modular system design

Wide spectrum of data services

Support of standards like IP, HTTP, SNMP

Quality of Service (QoS) and traffic shaping support
TRainCom® radio system
3.5 GHz transceiver
5.8 GHz transceiver
PAGE 9
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
TRainCom® radio system: Data services
Passenger Services
Operational Services
Train control
Passenger information
Online Ticketing
Internet on board
Video surveillance
Online Advertisement
Online TV/Radio
Operational Voice
Communication VoIP
Online diagnosis
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 10
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Online TV
Advertising
GSM network
Voice
(VoIP)
Online
diagnosis
CCTV
Signalling
(CBTC, ATO)
Internet
TV,
Radio,
VPN,
Advertising,
email,
Ticketing
Web,
Online games
GSM,
SMS
Diagnosis,
Maintenance
Train control
data
TRainCom®
Radio system
Internet
on board
Online TV
Advertising,
Passenger Info,
Ticketing
GSM access
onboard
CCTV
Voice
(VoIP)
TRainCom® radio system
Online
diagnosis
Signalling
(CBTC, ATO)
PAGE 11
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Principle of data transmission: Trainborne (Online Ticketing)
WLAN
Access Point
WLAN
Wireless
Ticketing Device
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 12
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Principle of data transmission: Train - track
Radio mast with
directed antennae
GHz radio
Mast cable
GHz
Transceiver
Radio control
(MRCU)
WLAN
Access Point
Optical fiber
TRainCom® radio system
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TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Principle of data transmission: Track – Central unit
Ticketing
Center
GHz Radio
Radio gateway
(CRCU)
Ticket
Terminal
Optical fiber network
Radio control
(DRCU)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 14
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
To next DRCU
System architecture : Track sided system layout
Train control
(ATO, CBTC)
Antennae
Assembly with
GHz transceiver
Antennae
Assembly with
GHz transceiver
Optical fiber cable
TP CAT 5 cables
DRCU
i.e. serial
line (RS 232)
DSL, serial cables
RBS 2
RBS 1
To next RBS
Connection box:
• RBS switch
• Power supply
Connection box:
• RBS switch
• Power supply
CRCU
Firewall
Internet connection
VoIP
phone
Online diagnosis
subsystem
Online ticketing
Server and database
Video on demand/
Online TV
Server and database
TRainCom® radio system
DSL line
to internet
SP
CCTV
center
PAGE 15
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
System architecture: System layout vehicle system
Basic radio system vehicle set includes:
 Radio
Online ticketing
 CCTV
handheld
 VoIP
 Access points
Train control
(ATO, CBTC)
Internet onboard
Passenger notebook
i.e. serial
Connection
(RS 232)
Train internal
WLAN
Smoke
detector
TP cable to next
Train section
CCTV cam
Access
point
Antenna
Smoke
detector
CCTV cam
Ethernet
switch
VoIP
phone
Emergency
button
Emergency
button
GHz
transceiver
Driver LCD
screen
VGA cable
CCTV codec
CCTV recorder
MRCU &
DHCP server &
Firewall &
PABX
IP interface: TP CAT 5 cables
Analogue cables (BNC, 2-wire)
Online TV
TRainCom® radio system
Online diagnosis
PAGE 16
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
System architecture: Main components
RBS (Radio base station)
Tx/Rx-Antenna
Antenna
cable
5.8 GHz Transceiver
Rx-Antenna
Transceiver cable
RBS Connection box
RBS Power supply
RBS switch
Cable inlets
(Power, Fiber,
Transceiver)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 17
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Short trip to technical features: Radio planning
Single channel radio coverage
Overlap region
RBS A2
RBS A1
RBS B1
RBS A2
RBS A1
Two channel radio coverage
Range
RBS distance
RBS distance at 3.5/5.8 GHz
up to 1.2 km in tunnels
RBS distance at 3.5/5.8 GHz
~ 7 – 12 km (Free field, Line of sight)
TRainCom® radio system
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TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Short trip to technical features:
BST: Base station transceiver
MST: Mobile station transceiver
MRCU: Mobile radio control unit
Diversity for single channel system
Antennae
Frequency A
Frequency A
Dual reception becomes ...
MRCU A
BST A
Train
MST A2
MST A1
BST A
quadruple Reception
MRCU A
Data stream
Direction
BST  MST
Data stream
Data sink
TRainCom® radio system
Redundancy
Single radio
channel with
handover
PAGE 19
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Short trip to technical features: FDD or TDD radio transmission
FDD system with 2 independent
radio channels for Up- and
Downlink (Full Duplex)
TDD system with a single
radio channel for Up- and
Downlink (Semi Duplex)
16 Mbps full duplex = 32 Mbps
transfer rate
16 Mbps semi duplex = < 16 Mbps
transfer rate
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 20
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
System layout: Metro line example (with full redundancy)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 21
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
System layout: Train line example (no redundancy)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 22
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
High Speed Train
Applications
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 23
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
System concepts for HST-systems
For a suitable radio system concept in train applications, some key facts are
important:
1.
Track topology:
The radio coverage is highly dependant from the track topology and the track
environment.
2.
Tunnel:
How many tunnel sections/stations are to be considered for the track.
3.
Infrastructure:
What infrastructure is available alongside the track (e.g. masts, data network backbone,
power supply).
4.
Trains (number and configuration):
How many trains are to be considered? What kind of configuration they have?
5.
Data rate:
What is the mandatory data rate for all data services (peak/average).
6.
Availability/coverage:
Which availability and constant radio coverage is required in the overall system concept
to provide the data services.
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 24
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Different infrastructure concepts
Some scenarios:
1. Worst Case:
No available infrastructure (green field approach). The complete TRainCom radio system must
be built up from scratch ( very low antenna mast distance < 2,5 km).
2. Bad Case:
No available infrastructure, but average mast distance is increased to a realistic value of 4 km.
3. Low Infra:
Antenna masts e.g. for GSM-R are partly available for antenna installation. Additional masts
and complete cable infrastructure must be built up. (Mast distance ~ 4 km)
4. Medium Infra:
Available masts and cable infrastructure. Some additional masts and Infrastructure to be
considered.
5. Good Infra (like GSM-R):
Sufficient available infrastructure (Mast, Power and Backbone) useable for TRainCom, due to
similar radio propagation like GSM-R.
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 25
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Scenario I – „Worst Case“
GSM-R
GSM-R
4 – 12 km
WAN
GSM-R
GSM-R
< 2,5 km
FOB
Power station and
power line
No available infrastructure, average mast distance only 2,5 km.
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 26
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Scenario II – „Bad Case“
GSM-R
GSM-R
4 – 12 km
WAN
GSM-R
GSM-R
Ø 4 km
FOB
Power station and
power line
No available infrs structure, but average mast distance 4 km.
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 27
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Scenario III – „Low Infra“
Ø 8 – 10 km
GSM-R
GSM-R
Ø 4 km
Ø 4 km
FOB
GSM-R
GSM-R
Power station
with power
line
GSM-R
WAN
Partly available masts, but the cable infra structure must be built from scratch.
(Mast distance Ø 4 km)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 28
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Scenario IV – „Medium Infra“
Ø 8 - 10 km
GSM-R
GSM-R
Ø 4 km
Ø 4 km
FOB
GSM-R
WAN
GSM-R
Power line
For additional antenna masts the power lines have to be built new. The existing FOB can be used.
(Mast distance Ø 4 km)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 29
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Scenario V – „Good Infra“
GSM-R
GSM-R
< 6 km
FOB-WAN
GSM-R
GSM-R
Existing (GSM-R) infrastructure can be used for TRainCom (Mast distance about 6 km).
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 30
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Cost analyse for different scenarios
Track per km
Scenario 1 – Worst Case
about 30.000 €
Scenario 2 – Bad Case
about 25.000 €
Scenario 3 – Low Infra
about 19.000 €
Scenario 4 – Medium Infra
about 16.000 €
Scenario 5 – GSM-R Infra
about 7.000 €
Radio part for Trains
(for about 200 Trains):
About 60.000 €/train
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 31
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Conclusion

By using available infrastructure the invest costs (CAPEX) for
TRainCom can be significantly reduced.

The TRainCom radio system provides real broadband radio links for
passenger and operational data services simultaneously. Its capability
can be used to provide additional services (advertisement) to refinance
its costs.

Increasing passenger figures by improved train attractivity will generate
additional revenues.

The TRainCom system concept provides additional potential/resources
for future growth.

Usage of a hybrid radio solution with narrow band services (e.g. GSM)
is recommended to extend the services into low density areas or to
cover ancillary tracks.
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 32
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Hybrid Solution with TRainCom
Antenna A1
TRainCom
HST
Network
Module
Antenna B1
TRainCom
Network
GSM
Manager
Network
and
Module
Router Core
Antenna A2
Characteristics:
 Automatic acquisition of
available networks
 Automatic switching
between available networks
 Least cost routing (LCR)
 Universal IP interface
 Usage of GSM/GPRS
mobile radio networks
 Quick country wide
coverage
 High speed and low speed
network combination
 Traffic shaping and data
service prioritisation
 Bandwidth reservation
 Network redundancy
Ethernet LAN
Interface
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 33
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Czech Rail Network
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 34
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Some Czech GSM/UMTS Networks
O2 GSM coverage
Vodafone GSM coverage
Vodafone UMTS coverage
Vodafone GPRS coverage
TRainCom®
radio system
PAGE 35
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Data rates of radio links
Uplink to the Network Downlink to the train
GSM (GPRS)
Up to 16 kbps
Up to 50 kbps
UMTS
Up to 128 kbps*
Up to 384 kbps*
UMTS (HSDPA)
Up to 3 Mbps*
Up to 1.5 Mbps*
TRainCom HST
16 Mbps
16 Mbps
GSM-R
Up to 14.4 kbps
Up to 14.4 kbps
* Theoretical Values (best case)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 36
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Conclusion on hybrid solutions

TRainCom HST radio systems are optimized for various passenger data
services including high volume applications and can also support all
services of the train operator.

Due to acceptable costs for the low volume data transmission and the
wide coverage of the GSM network, a hybrid system part is an ideal
partner to complement data services of a TRainCom radio system.

Further it will also enable a rapid coverage of the entire rail network of a
rail operator at least with a with a basic system performance, prior to the
implementation of TRainCom system parts.

For all low traffic rail tracks (e.g. ancillary tracks) a hybrid GSM service is a
very cost effective solution.

TRainCom HST complements a public network in critical areas where no
coverage is given (e.g. tunnels, stations, etc.)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 37
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
HST- simple business model
Hypothesis:
Every passengers pays 1 additional Euro per ticket (= 2%).
(Assumption Ø Ticket price = about 50.- € / 250 km)
Calculation:
Daily usage 100.000 passengers
100.000 Pax * 360 Tage * 1 € = 36 Mio. € / p.a.
With 36 Mio. € per year and an average interest rate of 8%
you can finance
about 400 Mio. € invest.
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 38
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Contact
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication GmbH & Co. KG
www.tfk-racoms.com
www.traincom.net
Germany
China
Ulm Headquarter
Shanghai Representative Office
Eberhard-Finckh-Strasse 55
POS PLAZA (22 F)
89075 Ulm-Boefingen
1600 Century Avenue Pudong New Area
Germany
200122 Shanghai
Phone:
+ 49-(0)731-1553-0
P.R. China
Fax:
+ 49-(0)731-1553-111
+ 86-(0)21-50585010
mail: traincom@tfk-racoms.com
This publication is to provide general outline information only and does not constitute a
representation on behalf of the company.
The publication may not be used or reproduced for any purpose other than general acquaintance
with the described products and it may be altered by the company without notice.
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 39
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Thank you for your Interest in TRainCom®
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 40
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Additional information
 VoIP Services
 Internet services
 CCTV application
 Tunnel propagation
 TR5800 information
 Network structure redundancy
 Some FAQs
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 41
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Devices/interfaces Telephony (VoIP)
Use of VoIP
PABX
Integration of
standard
DECT/ISDN
Phones
together with
IP-Phones
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 42
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Devices/interfaces: Internet on board
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 43
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Devices/interfaces: CCTV (Video surveillance)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 44
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Radio system features: Radio range inside tunnels
Telegram quality (pink) and signal strength (blue) without diversity
Telegram quality (pink) and signal strength (blue) with diversity
One example for radio propagation in a tunnel
scenario using the 3.5 GHz band
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 45
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Tunnel measurement campaigns (Munich Metro Tunnel 2004)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 46
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
Results of Tunnel measurement campaigns

Radio range more than 1 km (3.5 GHz, 4 Mbps)

16 Mbps OFDM constantly over 600 m (5.8 GHz)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 47
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
TR5800 Design: Data rates and frequency range
 Frequency Ranges:
5,470 – 5.725 GHz and 5.725 - 5,850 GHz (ISM)
 No frequency license required
 TRainCom® system features are fully supported:
Train speeds up to 500 km/h
Reliable data transfer in tunnels
 Data rates
Specific models for
2, 5, 10, 16 Mbps full duplex mode
 Data rate is independent of train speed
 Also available: Semi duplex on customers request
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 48
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
TR5800 Design: Output power and availability
 Output power
19 dBm (100 mW) standard
 Higher output power up to 1 W
 Availability
2 Rx chain mode  Simultaneous reception of 2 signals
4 Rx chain mode  Simultaneous reception of 4 signals
 Modulation
Specific OFDM modulation for high speeds and high
reflecting environments (tunnels)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 49
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
TR5800 further features
 IP 67 protection class
 Industrial operating temperature range
(-25°C - +70°C)
 Fully IP based
 Shock and vibration resistance
according to EN 50155
 Base station and mobile transceiver have the same
HW layout
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 50
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
TR5800 Transceiver
Combined power
and data
connector
Antennae
connectors
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 51
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
FAQuestions I
 The data safety and security of the system on the air interface?

Licensed frequency bands between 1 and 10 GHz instead of
open frequencies and protocols

Due to IP-based architecture use of IPSEC/AES possible
 The risks of mixing public and operational networks?

Traffic shaping and QoS features implemented
 What are the modifications required to utilize this system with an
existing signaling system?

IP transparent interface is provided

Conversion of serial interfaces into IP
 Possible business cases?

Services offered free of charge. (Financed by advertisement)

Services offered with service fee (Hot spot)
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 52
TELEFUNKEN Radio Communication Systems
FAQuestions II
 What type of public services could be offered with this radio system
considering the bandwidth? What are the possibilities for expansions?

Passenger information

Internet access

...etc. as already mentioned before
 Upgradeability, compatibility and interoperability with other vendors
systems?



Today the system is designed for up to 16 Mbps data rate.
A system upgrade for a higher data rate is subject of available
frequency bandwidth.
System limited to 250 DRCU’s (= metro lines)
No interoperability at the radio interface required, but usage of
standardized IP interfaces  Open architecture
TRainCom® radio system
PAGE 53