Presentation on WIGIG
Group Members &
Responsibilities
• Shashank Singh
Motivation
• Jose A. Sinti
Implementation
• Naveen MadanPotra
Challenges
Submitted to.
• Dr Shahedur Rahman
CCM 4300
Introduction
•
The Wireless Gigabit (WiGig) Alliance was formed to meet this need by
establishing a unified specification for wireless communication at multigigabit speeds; this specification is designed to drive a global ecosystem of
interoperable products.
• The WiGig MAC and PHY Specification enables data rates up to 7 Gbps,
more than 10 times the speed of the fastest Wi-Fi networks based on IEEE
802.11n. It operates in the unlicensed 60 GHz frequency band, which has
much more spectrum available than the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands used by
existing Wi-Fi products. This allows wider channels that support faster
transmission speeds.
• The WiGig specification is based on the existing IEEE 802.11 standard,
which is at the core of hundreds of millions of Wi-Fi products deployed
worldwide.
Motivation
SHASHANK SINGH
M00427909
WiGig and IEEE 802.11ad
• IEEE 802.11ad is an amendment to the 802.11 standard that enables
multi-gigabit wireless communications in the 60 GHz band. The WiGig
specification was contributed to the IEEE 802.11ad standardization
process, and was confirmed in May 2010 as the basis for the 802.11ad
draft standard.
Structure
The WiGig specification defines
Physical (PHY) and Medium Access
Control (MAC) layers and is based on
IEEE 802.11. This enables native
support for IP networking over 60
GHz.
It also makes it simpler and less
expensive to produce devices that can
communicate over both WiGig and
existing Wi-Fi using tri-band radios
(2.4 GHz,5 GHz and 60 GHz).
Physical Layer (PHY)
•
•
Worldwide, the 60 GHz band has much more spectrum available than the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz
bands – typically 7 GHz of spectrum, compared with 83.5 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band.
This spectrum is divided into multiple channels, as in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. Because
the 60 GHz band has much more spectrum available, the channels are much wider, enabling
multi-gigabit data rates. The WiGig specification defines four channels, each 2.16 GHz wide –
50 times wider than the channels available in 802.11n.
Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer
•The MAC layer of the WiGig specification includes new features that support
advanced usage models, facilitate integration with Wi-Fi networks, reduce power
consumption and provide strong security.
Protocol adaptation layers (PALs)
•The WiGig Alliance is also defining Protocol Adaptation Layers (PALs) that
support specific data and display standards over 60 GHz.
• PALs allow wireless implementations of these standard interfaces that run
directly on the WiGig MAC and PHY, and can be implemented in hardware. The
initial PALs are audio-visual (A/V), which defines support for HDMI and
DisplayPort, and input-output (I/O), which defines support for USB and PCIe.
Modulation & Coding Scheme (MCS)
•
The specification supports two types of modulation and coding schemes, which
provide different benefits:
 Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) supports communication over
longer distances with greater delay spreads, providing more flexibility in handling
obstacles and reflected signals. Furthermore, OFDM allows the greatest
transmission speeds of up to 7 Gbps.
 Single carrier (SC) typically results in lower power consumption, so it is often a
better fit for small, low-power handheld devices. SC supports transmission speeds
up to 4.6 Gbps.
Worldwide spectrum availability in the 60 GHz
band used by WiGig
WIGIg Implementation
2013, the year of WIGig (IEEE 802.11ad)
Jose Sinti
M00283362
WIGIg field
Desktops – Laptops – Projectors - TVs
• 60Ghz works in a short range. Initial developments are for
short networks (i.e. Home networks, Audio and Video
devices also for SMB)
• Companies collaborating with design and product
developments for WIGIg are:
- Wilocity and Qualcomm
- Wireless Gigabit Alliance
- VESA (Video Electronics Standards Association)
Wilocity and Qualcomm
• Tri-band
Wireless
card
• Wilocity
and Qualcomm
• Concerns!!!
teamed with Dell
- Thickness of of the laptops increase
Wireless
docking
station
because
of
the
size
of the
card
• the new PCIe-mini
card
USB
extension
- Add-2.5
watts,
draining 7-10% of
found in the Dell 6430u
battery
- PCIemore
extension
- WIFI-n
- Not
roaming
- Video extension
profile
- BT4.0
- Short
range
- WIGIg
(Networking and PCI extension
on the same board)
WIGIg Beamforming
• Because of the propagation loss which is higher than in the 2.4 and 5GHz
Beamforming is an alternative for implementation of the 60GHz
• Beamforming focus on directed antennas used to form a “Beam” that allows
communication further 10 meters
• Beamforming also provides the flexibility of connecting using a new pathway if
the connection is obstructed, this pathway could be a reflection of the signal on
the wall
Wireless Gigabit Alliance
• Organization promoting the adoption of multi-gigabit speed
wireless communication over 60Ghz
• Working on wireless data for video and audio applications,
particularly WDE (WIGIg Display Extension)
- WDE supports wireless transmission of audio/visual data
- Enables high-bandwidth for wireless display ports
Parsing
Packetization
ofultra
audio
and
video
data,
end-to-end
- Enables
lossless
compressed
A/V
from
PCand
orand
Camera
to
High-performance
high-quality
H.264
video
encoding
decoding
HDCP
2.1 and
Provides
Itencryption
provides
and
low
decryption
latency
for
content
protection
WDE
stream
to display
HDTV
Monitor
orconversations
Projector
VESA Collaboration
• Video Electronics Standards Association builds partnership
with Wireless Gigabit Alliance to build certification
standard
Benefits of the this partnership:
- Interoperability of display port standard and WIGIg
- Standard to seamless connection of A/V (Wirelessly)
- High-definition standard wireless display through built-in or
WIGIg docking station
• By 2014 WIGIg technology will be present in 89.5% of
commercial desktops and 95% of laptops (According to
analyst firm IDS)
CHALENGES IN THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF WiGig
Naveen Madanpotra
M00429710
Challenges
• Challenges in PHY Layer
• Challenges in MAC Layer
• Challenges in App layer
Wireless Gigabit Protocols
Challenges in PHY Layer
1. Radio Frequency Challenge:
• Radio frequency devices are the fundamental challenge for the
•
•
•
•
communication circuit in mm-wave home network.
The existing candidates of Radio frequency Technologies are
GaAs(Gallium Arsenide), SiGe( Silicon Germanium), CMOS(
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor).
In particular, GaAs has a higher saturated electron velocity &
higher electron mobility, which allows GaAs devices to work
properly at frequencies even in access of 250GHz.
Moreover, GaAs devices yield less noise then the silicon devices
when operated at higher frequencies.
But the main problem with GaAs is that it is very costly to
implement devices with these technology. which is not desired by
the users.
•
Another technology is SiGe, the problem with this technology is that it can not
work efficiently at higher frequency. So, Devices made by this technology are not
acceptable by our network.
• Although the last technology CMOS is being very popular for mm- wave devices ,
because it reduces the power consumption and system-cost , which was the basic
drawback of other technologies. But, the problem doesn’t ends here.
• The main problem in mm-wave devices in CMOS technology is the absence of CAD
tool and accurate models for various active & passive building blocks of the RF
circuitry.
2. Directional Transmission: Bridging 60GHz Wireless Link
• Another challenge for mm-wave Gbps communication is the poor link budget,
because when a radio signal propagates in mm-wave frequency band then it
results path loss, reflection loss, multipath etc.
• Moreover, NLOS (Non line Of Sight) propagation makes it even more poorer in
many cases.
• As a result, it is extremely difficult to get a communication in 60GHz Band.
However to overcome this situation “Directional antennas” can be used, but these
antennas suffers from poor flexibility.
Challenges in MAC Layer
• MAC layer plays a critical role in moderating the access right
to the shared wireless channel in 60GHz wireless.
• Device discovery becomes a challenging task in 60GHz
wireless networks, this is because of the use of directional
transmission. In the case when a new device joins the
network without any prior information of location then the
transmitter needs to transmit in all directions.
• The hidden terminal problem is also generated in 60GHz
wireless communication, in which devices can be hidden from
each other not only because of distance separation, but also
because of directional difference.
Challenges in APP Layer
• High data rates allows the transmission of uncompressed audio &
video over the wireless media. Therefore content protection is most
required by content providers.
• One challenge for the content protection is the cipher speed for
such high throughput.
• Two types of cipher technique is considered such as: Stream cipher
& Block Cipher.
• Stream cipher have high speed & is easy to implement, whereas,
Block stream have a stronger encryption strength but with slow
speed.
• In process to meet the high speed encryption requirement, parallel
cipher is considered, where several ciphers processes the data in
parallel.
Conclusion
• This work concludes that WIGIg is a short range wireless
network which uses 60GHz band to provide connectivity. With
the expansion of spectrum band the strategies to implement
network have to be changed. The usage of the WIGIg devices
depends on the application planned to be used to allow
maximum performance, and no drawback. Audio and video
data transmission is going to be the main benefit of WIGIg
because it’s already used in short range environment (i.e. to
project a video).