Prof.Dr.drh.Pratiwi Trisunuwati, MS
kesmavet 6-09
1
Pemotongan hewan yang dagingnya diedarkan
harus :
a. Dilakukan di rumah potong hewan dan;
b. Mengikuti cara penyembelihan yang
memenuhi kaidah kesehatan masyarakat
veteriner dan kesejahteraan hewan
kesmavet 6-09
2
Ketentuan lain
Untuk menjamin ketenteraman batin
masyarakat harus memperhatikan
• Kaidah agama
• Unsur kepercayaan yang dianut masyarakat
kesmavet 6-09
3
SISTEM JAMINAN KEAMANAN PADA
RANTAI PRODUKSI
(Farm to Table Food Safety)
•Animal production
•Slaughter & processing plants
•Post-processing transportation
•Wholesale & retail stores
•Food service
•Consumer education
kesmavet 6-09
4
Rekomendasi WHO
(2004)
•
•
•
•
•
ASPEK GOOD HYGIENE PRACTICES
AVOID CROSS CONTAMINATION
PENGOLAHAN PRODUK DENGAN BENAR
VACCINATION PROGRAM
MASAK PRODUK SAMPAI SUHU
INTERNAL 70 DERAJAT CELSIUS
kesmavet 6-09
5
Pemeriksaan karkas
kesmavet 6-09
6
Ruang
pelayuan
kesmavet 6-09
7
kesmavet 6-09
8
PENGENDALIAN DAN PEMBERANTASAN PHM
TERDIRI DARI TINDAKAN DENGAN 17 LANGKAH,
YAITU :
1.
TINDAK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT
MELALUI PENGAWASAN LALU LINTAS TERNAK DAN PENGEBALAN TERNAK
YANG TERDIRI DARI 4 LANGKAH, YAITU :
1). PENOLAKAN/KARANTINA
2). PENCEGAHAN/VAKSINASI
3). PENYIDIKAN
4). PEMANTAUAN
kesmavet 6-09
9
PENGENDALIAN DAN PEMBERANTASAN PHM
TERDIRI DARI TINDAKAN DENGAN 17 LANGKAH,
YAITU :
TINDAK PEMBERANTASAN PENYAKIT DI DAERAH TERTULAR DENGAN
9 LANGKAH, YAITU :
1). PENUTUPAN DAERAH
6). PEMOTONGAN BERSYARAT
2). PEMBERANTASAN VEKTOR
7). VAKSINASI MASSAL
3). PENGOBATAN
8). RING VAKSINASI
4). ISOLASI/OBSERVASI
9). PENYULUHAN
Di daerah
terancam
5). ELIMINASI/PEMUSNAHAN
kesmavet 6-09
10
 Hewan
diistirahatkan paling tidak 12 jam sebelum
dipotong.
 Tempatkan hewan dilokasi yang aman dan nyaman.
 Berikan atap untuk melindungi dari panas dan hujan
agar kondisinya benar-benar fit sebelum dipotong.
 Berikan pakan dan air minum secukupnya, setelah itu
puasakan selama 8 - 10 jam sebelum dipotong.
kesmavet 6-09
11
Hewan yang terlalu banyak makan (kenyang) akan
menyulitkan pada proses pemotongan dan
pembersihan jerohan.
 Apabila memungkinkan tubuh hewan dibersihkan
(dimandikan) sebelum dipotong.
 Saat dipotong hewan dalam keadaan bersih
sehingga kemungkinan kotoran tubuh mengotori
daging diperkecil.
kesmavet 6-09
12

Sebaiknya pemeriksaan dilakukan malam hari menjelang
dipotong atau minimal 4 jam setelah kedatangan hewan
 Lakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan dengan seksama.
 Hanya hewan-hewan yang sehat yang layak
dipotong.
 Konsultasikan dengan dokter hewan penanggungjawab.
kesmavet 6-09
13
Head inspection. Retropharyngeal
(No. 1), parotid (No. 2) and
submaxillary (No. 3) lymph nodes
are viewed and incised by multiple
incisions and slicing.
Lymph nodes (Fig. 1)
Submaxillary
Incise(a)
Parotid
Incise(a)
Retropharyngeal
Incise(a)
kesmavet 6-09
14
Fig. 3: Lung inspection - Bronchial left (No.
1) and right (No. 2) and mediastinal (No. 3)
lymph nodes are viewed and incised.
kesmavet 6-09
15
Liver inspection - Incised portal (hepatic)
lymph nodes (No. 1) and opened large bile
duct (No. 2).
Spleen (Fig. 7)
kesmavet 6-09
16
kesmavet 6-09
17
Fig. 9: Viewing and incision
of the mesenteric lymph
nodes. In this case an
incision was performed to
demonstrate the mesenteric
lymph nodes chain.
kesmavet 6-09
18
kesmavet 6-09
19
Parasites
“measles” - tapeworm cysts of various kinds
have been found in game carcass such as impala,
kudu, bushbuck, reedbuck, sable, wildebeest (gnu,
antelope) and warthogs.
The cysts vary in size from that of a pea to a golf
ball and are often seen in the peritoneal cavity,
loosely attached to the serosa, viscera or in the
musculature. .
kesnavet -7-09
20
There are no special predilection sites
of the muscular cysts.
Routine inspection incisions for
measles in domestic animals are of no
value in determining presence or degree
of infestation in game animals.
kesnavet -7-09
21
Serosal affection can be successfully
trimmed before release but muscular
parasites make the carcass aesthetically
unacceptable.
 In the latter carcass can be boiled or
used for manufacturing purposes. These
cysts do not seem to affect humans.
kesnavet -7-09
22
Sarcocysts –
these are frequently seen in the skeletal
muscle of impala (mostly microscopic
however); the carcass may have to be
condemned if severely affected.
Stilesia –
this tapeworm may be found in the liver of
small antelope and seem to be widespread in
Africa. Trimming is required.
kesnavet -7-09
23
Cooperoides hepatica –
this is a small brown filarial worm which occurs
coiled up in a cyst in the liver, most frequently in
impala. It is often associated with stilesia.
Trimming is required.
kesnavet -7-09
24
Cordophillus –
a filarial worm found encysted in the heart muscle of
kudu. 25% of these animals are affected. This parasite is
occasionally found in other muscle and may also occur in
the heart muscle of domestic cattle. Affected tissue
should be trimmed.
kesnavet -7-09
25
Hydatid –
these cysts have been seen in the lungs and
livers of impala, zebra, giraffe and warthog. If
slight infestation is present affected tissue
should be trimmed
kesnavet -7-09
26
lymph nodes in the head 1: sub-maxillary lymph
nodes lie at the base of the tongue below the
lower jaw bone and retropharyngeal can be found
further back behind the skull...
kesnavet -7-09
27
kesnavet -7-09
28
Presence or absence of organic matter
Corrosive properties
Type of processing area and type of surface to be disinfected
Non-toxic and gentle to the skin
Inexpensive
kesmavet 6-09
29
Must not affect the odour or flavour of the food processed on the
equipment disinfected
Must be easily rinsed away and leave no toxic residues
Easy to dispense and to handle
Must be safe in use and must not affect the operators who use it.
kesmavet 6-09
30
Chemical disinfection methods
The most essential for an effective chemical disinfection
programme is a clean surface. Consequently, to achieve
microbial control the cleaning and disinfection programme
must be thorough, compatible and totally effective.
Note: A disinfectant will not cover up faulty cleaning practices
The choice of chemical disinfectants is determined by the
Disinfectants
kesmavet 6-09
31
Disinfectants
Manufacturers offer a large number of disinfectants, each
claimed to be the best on the market. Nevertheless the only ones
suitable for the food industry contain chemicals of one of the
following groups:
Chlorine and chlorine-releasing compounds
Quarternary ammonium compounds
Amphoteric (ampholytic) compounds
Phenolic compounds
Peracetic acid
kesmavet 6-09
32
Emergency disinfection
For emergency disinfection, i.e. when disinfection
is required during processing because of animal
disease (anthrax, foot and mouth disease etc.) the
following disinfectants are recommended:
kesmavet 6-09
33
sodium hydroxide (caustic soda or lye) in a hot solution of
approximately 2% for foot and mouth disease and 5% for
anthrax.
(Avoid any splashes in eyes or on skin (caustic).
If an accident happens wash clean water).
sodium hypochlorite solution: 0.5% available chlorine
hot water (90°C or more) or steam
Chloride of lime for lairages, stables and transport
vehicles: approximately 5% solution.
kesmavet 6-09
34