UNIT 7 CHAPTER 37: NEW CONFLAGRATIONS WORLD WAR II AP World History Zerbst WHAT ARE WE LEARNING? Road to war New technology & tactics European theater of war Pacific theater of war 1942 War crimes The Holocaust Atomic bomb – Hiroshima & Nagasaki Global economic & political shift – age of the superpowers WWII JUST THE FACTS 1939-1945 61 nations involved Axis (Germany, Italy, Japan Allies (GB, France, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, USSR, USA) Waged over 2/3 of earth Cost $1.6 trillion (4-5 trillion today) 55 to 60 million killed 6 million in genocide Changed the balance of power ROAD TO WORLD WAR 2: STAGE 1 – AGGRESSION AND APPEASEMENT 1933 Hitler withdrew from League of Nations 1935 Rearmament Italy invaded Ethiopia France begins collective security agreements AGGRESSION & APPEASEMENT: CONTINUED 1936 Troops into the Rhineland Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) Franco – fascist Spanish Govt. – Soviet assistance AGGRESSION & APPEASEMENT CONT. 1937 Tojo takeover Axis alliance formalized Rape of Nanjing AGGRESSION & APPEASEMENT CONT. 1938 Anschluss (union) Sudetenland announcement Munich agreement Peace in our time http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=FO725Hbzfls ANSCHLUSS: POINT OF VIEW CZECHOSLOVAKIAN GRAB CFU – ON WHITEBOARDS Name of the policy that allowed Hitler to make land grabs What was the conceptual ideology behind Hitler’s acquisition of Austria, Czechoslovakia, and later Poland? Name the British politician that signed the Munich Pact? Why did most Germans love Hitler in the 1930’s? What was the attitude of Great Britain, France, and Russia toward Hitler in the 1930’s? PROPER WAR 1939 Czechoslovakia Lithuania Italy invaded Albania Sept. 1, Poland Nazi-Soviet pact BLITZKRIEG TIMELINE Sept. 1, 1939 Poland 36 days Denmark (April 1940) 6 hours Norway (April 1940) 62 days Belgium (May 1940) 3 days T h e N e t h e r l an ds ( M a y 1 9 4 0 ) 4 days L u x e m b o ur g ( M a y 1 9 4 0 ) 1 day France (May 1940) 17 days Y u g o sl av i a ( A p r i l 1 9 4 1 ) 11 days Greece (April 1941) 14 days PROPER WAR 1942 NEW TECHNOLOGY Radar Sonar Jets Synthetic materials Rockets Atomic energy Computer science STUFF YOU SHOULD KNOW… Maginot Line Vichy France Battle of Britain (1940-1941) Lend-Lease program Operation Barbarossa (June 22, 1941) MORE STUFF YOU SHOULD KNOW… Pearl Harbor(1941) Turning points 1942 Midway – June El Alamein – JulyNovember Stalingrad – AugustFebruary 1943 D-Day June 1944 Strategic bombing Hiroshima CFU - WHITEBOARDS What year was the turning point for WWII? Was blitzkrieg successful? Why? How did new technology make total war more destructive than in WWI? What new group of people were actively targeted in WWII? Where did WWII begin? What was the US’s role in WWII prior to Pearl Harbor? What KIND of battle was the Battle of Britain? List all the causes of WWII. STALINGRAD: SEARCHING THE SOURCES Who wrote it? How could the date it was written change the meaning or value of the document? What is the point of view of the author? What does your document say? Why is your document an important source of information? How would you use your document to prove the following? Examine the documents that follow and analyze the impacts of World War Two on world societies. What political, cultural, and economic conditions contributed to this situation? Was the Cold War inevitable? What additional documents could you use to assist you in answering this question? WAR CRIMES Japanese Civilians Comfort women POW’s Bataan Death March Germans Gestapo Nuremberg Laws POW’s HOLOCAUST 6,000,000 dead Ghettos Lebensraum Death/labor camps “First they came for the Socialists, and I did not speak out-Because I was not a Socialist. Then they came for the Trade Unionists, and I did not speak out-Because I was not a Trade Unionist. Then they came for the Jews, and I did not speak out-Because I was not a Jew. Then they came for me--and there was no one left to speak for me.” Martin Niemoller (1892-1984) STRATEGIC BOMBING HIROSHIMA/NAGASAKI BATAAN DEATH MARCH-APPLYING PRIMARY SOURCE MATERIAL Who wrote this? Is this a reliable source? What bias does this source contain? What does this source tell us about war crimes? How would you use this document to answer the following prompt? Describe the political, moral, and military rationale used by the United States to drop atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. ECONOMIC & POLITICAL SHIFT Super powers End of British empire Nuclear power Industrial capacity Pent-up demand DID YOU GET IT? Road to war New technology & tactics European theater of war Pacific theater of war 1942 War crimes The Holocaust Atomic bomb – Hiroshima & Nagasaki Global economic & political shift – age of the superpowers