Open data in a GISperspective
Joep Crompvoets
Taipei 9 July 2014
(Bastiaan Van Loenen Knowledge centre Open Data / Delft
University of Technology)
OBJECTIVE
“To be aware of the strengths of using open
data in the context of Geographical Information
Systems”
- Examples
- Definitions / Principles
- Context
QUESTIONS
Why Open Geodata?
What are Open Geodata?
Are there examples of applications based on open data?
Are there bears on the Open Data Road?
Why open geodata?
EUROSION
Project funded by the
European Commission
OBJECTIVE EUROSION
“To provide the European Commission with a
package of recommendations on policy
and management measures to address
coastal erosion in the EU.
These recommendations should be based on a
thorough assessment of the state of
coastline and of the response options
available at each level of administration.”
Assessment of European coastline
Example of Ajaccio Bay
Highly vulnerable areas (hotspot)
Moderately vulnerable areas
Lowly vulnerable areas
From Data to Information
Analysis
Vulnerable areas and
Monitoring indicators
In terms of
Lives at risk
Economy at risk
Nature at risk
Hydrodynamics
Land
Sediment
Social
Nationally
Administrative
Erosion
cover
Laws
and
Infrastructure
Hydrography
discharges
Bathymetry
(LC)
Elevation
economical
patterns
designated
and
and
and
decrees
boundaries
sea
LC
(CCEr)
from
profiles
level
changes
areas
rivers
rise
Costs and access restrictions
Most existing datasets are “copyrighted”:
you do not buy information itself, but a right to
use it (“license”)
Dissemination of end-products is restricted
(sometimes, end-products have to be
“degraded”)
Costs and access restrictions
EUROSION database = 2 Millions Euros
26% acquisition of licensed data (e.g. Elevation)
17% update of existing data (e.g. Coastal Erosion)
33% production of missing data (e.g. Hydrodynamics)
24% Format conversion, integration, and quality control
Coastal erosion
Higher investment costs
(2 to 3 time)
Delayed implementation
(8 to 10 months)
Uncertain quality
dissemination constraints
What Is Open Geodata?
Open data?
1. Data Must Be Complete
2. Data Must Be Primary
3. Data Must Be Timely
4. Data Must Be Accessible
5. Data Must Be Machine processable
6. Access Must Be Non-Discriminatory
7. Data Formats Must Be Non-Proprietary
8. Data Must Be License-free
9. Compliance must be reviewable.
10. The work shall be available as a whole and at no more
than a reasonable reproduction cost
Or simply
• Data without any restrictions in the use and provided for
free
What is Open Geodata?
Geodata: data referring to a location on earth
Geodata is open if any user is free to use, reuse, and
redistribute it
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Examples of geodata
Digital Elevation Model
Topography
Cadastral
Administrative boundaries
Land use
Soils
Climate
Demography
Are there examples of
applications based on open
data?
`
Gem. inkomen vs WOZ waarde per wijk
Gem. vraagprijs per m2
woonruimte
Verkeersongevallen 2012
18
Source: Knowledge Centre Open Data – Delft University of Technology
19
Source: Knowledge Centre Open Data – Delft University of Technology
Source: Knowledge Centre Open Data – Delft University of Technology
Source: Knowledge Centre Open Data – Delft University of Technology
Source: Knowledge Centre Open Data – Delft University of Technology
Source: Knowledge Centre Open Data – Delft University of Technology
Energy atlas Gleisdorf:
solar energy and biomass potential
Thermografische opname
Op maandagavond 26 januari 2009 heeft Aerodata in opdracht van de
gemeente een thermografische opname van Delft gemaakt . Het was die avond
helder weer , zonder wind, de gemiddelde dagtemperatuur (weerstation
Rotterdam ) was 1,1 °C, met een minimum van – 2,2 °
C. Door beeldbewerking
van de camera -opnamen is de warmte -uitstraling omgezet naar 6
overzichtelijke kleuren van donkerblauw tot rood. Deze kleuren zijn geen
absolute maat , maar er is uitgegaan van de gemiddelde warmte -uitstraling in
Delft. De opname is zo gedetailleerd dat duidelijk is welk deel van het dak de
meeste warmte -uitstraling heeft , of waar zich een schoorsteen bevindt .
www.gemeentedelft.info
If Open data, then….
• 68 billion euro (Pira International, 2000)
• 27 billion euro (Dekkers et al., 2006)
• 40 billon euro (Vickery, 2011)
If Open geodata, then…
Open geodata: Landsat imagery: 1 million downloads in
6 months v. 25,000 per year
If Open data, then….
“The coolest thing to do with your data will be
thought by someone else”
(Rufus Pollock)
(POPSIS report: http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/policy/psi/docs/pdfs/report/11_2012/summary.pdf)
If Open data, then….
Wisdom of the crowd: Data quality
Source: RIVM
Open data
•
''Data are the new
•
“The treasure of public data allows for great innovations delivering the
Dutch society economic growth and jobs” Minister Verhagen (Economic Affairs,
Agriculture and Innovatiation: 2011)
•
“In 2015 all data of my Ministry will be open data” Minister Schultz van Haegen
(Infrastructure and Environment: 2011)
gold '' Eurocommissioner Kroes (2010)
Bears on the open geodata road
• Legal:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Liability
Privacy
Intellectual property
Competition law
Technology
Organisational issues
Extra costs
…
QUESTIONS
Why Open Geodata?
What are Open Geodata?
Are there examples of applications based on open data?
Are there bears on the Open Data Road?
Thank You!