HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC MODELING
Hydrologic
Precipitation & Basin Parameters,
Flood Frequency Analysis
Hydraulic
Energy & Momentum Relationships
HYDROLOGIC MODELING
Water Budget Analysis
Droughts
Water Supply
Reservoir Operations
Rule Curve
Hydrologic Routings
Overland Flow
(Rational Formula: Q = CIA)
River Channel
(Muskingkum, Straddle Stagger, etc.)
Flood Frequencies
e.g., 50 & 100 Year Floods
(log Pearson Type III distribution)
HYDRAULIC MODELING
Steady State
Step Backwater Computations
(FEMA FlRM Flood Studies)
Unsteady State
Dam Breach Analyses,
Detail Flood Studies,
Dynamic Riverine Conditions
HYDRAULIC MODELING HISTORY
Pre 1970
Paper Spreadsheets
Physical Models
Logan Martin at Univ of AL
Farley Nuclear Plant at Auburn Univ
US Army Corps of Engineers
Waterways Experiment Station (WES)
at Vicksburg, MS
Post 1970
Fortran 66
US Army Corps of Engineers
Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC)
at Davis, CA
HEC-1 (Basin Overland Flow)
HEC HMS
HEC-2 (Steady State River Routings)
HEC RAS (Also Unsteady State)
HEC-5 (Reservoir Operations)
RES SIM
HEC-6 (Sediment Transport)
NEXGEN
EXCEL Spreadsheets
HYDRAULIC MODELING HISTORY (Continued)
Post 1977
1976 Teton Dam
1977 Laurel Run Dam
1977 Taccoa Falls Dam
Idaho
14 Killed
Pennsylvania
40 Killed
Georgia
39 Killed
HYDRAULIC MODELING HISTORY (Continued)
Post 1977
DAMBRK
UNET
DWOPER
BRANCH
FLDWAV
Dr. Danny Fread
National Weather Service (NWS)
Silver Springs, MD
Dr. Robert Barkau
at Colorado State
HEC RAS
HYDROLOGIC MODELING EXAMPLE – (Water Budget)
R L HARRIS
Impact of 200 CFS Minimum Flow during Peak Season
795
793
Rule Curve
Historical Average
+200 CFS Peak Season
Drought Contingency
791
789
Elev (msl)
787
785
783
781
779
777
775
1-Jan
1-Feb
1-Mar
1-Apr
1-May
1-Jun
1-Jul
1-Aug
1-Sep
1-Oct
1-Nov
1-Dec
HYDROLOGIC MODELING EXAMPLE – (Routings)
Black Warrior River
Flow (cfs)
140000
Smith Inflow
120000
Smith
Discharge
100000
Arkadelphia
Sayre
80000
Bankhead
Inflow
60000
Gaged Inflow
40000
Poly.
(Bankhead
Inflow )
3 per. Mov.
Avg. (Smith
Inflow )
20000
0
1
6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71
Hours Feb 5-7 2004
HYDROLOGIC MODELING EXAMPLE – (Flood Frequency Analysis)
R L HARRIS Reservoir Inflow
500 YR
250 YR
50 YR
25 YR
10 YR
5 YR
2 YR
1 YR
125,000
100 YR
(1924-2003)
Peak Inflow (cfs)
100,000
75,000
50,000
25,000
100.00
10.00
1.00
0.10
Exceedance
Computed
Expected
5%
95%
80 Records
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Steady State)
HEC-RAS ROUTINGS OF LAY RESERVOIR
Elevation (msl)
Narrows
Waxahatchee Creek
Cedar Creek
Yellowleaf Creek
SEGCO Steam Plant
420
Southern R.R.
Paper Mill
Talladega Creek
Tallasseehatchee Crk.
Hwy 280 Bridge
425
LAY DAM
S.C.L. R.R.
LOGAN
MARTI
Kelly Creek
430
HEC-RAS 100 YR
1979
32.9K
APC Easement
APC Fee
415
410
405
400
395
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
Stream Miles Above Mouth of Coosa River
65
60
55
50
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (DAMBRK)
R L HARRIS DAM BREACH
STAGE AND TIME HYDROGRAPHS
May 2003 Flood
MARTIN DAM
740.00
26.0
720.00
24.0
700.00
22.0
680.00
20.0
660.00
18.0
640.00
16.0
Page 13
620.00
14.0
Time to Peak
w/ Failure
w/o Failure
600.00
12.0
580.00
10.0
560.00
8.0
540.00
6.0
520.00
4.0
500.00
2.0
480.00
Time to Peak Elevation (hr)
R L HARRIS DAM
140
130
120
110
100
Tallapoosa River Mile
90
80
70
60
FIGURE 12
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
RS = 1.98
.05
IS
.035
.05
630
Legend
629
Ground
Bank Sta
628
627
626
625
624
623
Elevation (ft)
622
621
620
619
618
617
616
615
614
613
612
611
610
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Station (ft)
RS = 5.01
.05
IS
.035
650
Legend
649
Ground
Bank Sta
648
647
646
645
644
643
Elevation (ft)
642
641
640
639
638
637
636
635
634
633
632
631
630
0
100
200
300
400
Station (ft)
500
600
700
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
PROFILE OF THE TALLPOOSA RIVER
From R L Harris Dowstream to the Wadley Gauge
665
660
655
650
645
Elevation (msl)
640
635
630
625
620
615
610
605
600
595
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Miles Above Wadley Gauge
9
10
11
12
13
14
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
R L HARRIS GENERATION SCHEDULE
8/25/2000
0
1
2
FRIDAY
3
4
5
6
7
R L HARRIS GENERATION SCHEDULE
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
0
1
2
SATURDAY
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
3
4
5
6
7
8
428 CFS
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
8/26/2000
0
1
2
SATURDAY
3
4
5
6
7
8
9/7/2003
170 CFS
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
0
1
2
SUNDAY
6
7
8
209 CFS
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
8/27/2000
0
1
2
SUNDAY
3
4
5
6
7
8
9/8/2003
201 CFS
9
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
1
2
MONDAY
6
7
8
2,322 CFS
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
8/28/2000
0
1
2
MONDAY
3
4
5
6
7
8
9/9/2003
323 CFS
9
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
1
2
TUESDAY
6
7
8
1,196 CFS
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
8/29/2000
0
1
2
TUESDAY
3
4
5
6
7
8
9/10/2003
140 CFS
9
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
WEDNESDAY
6
7
8
1,653 CFS
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
1
2
8/30/2000
0
1
2
WEDNESDAY
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
9/11/2003
182 CFS
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
THURSDAY
6
7
1,123 CFS
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
1
2
8/31/2000
0
1
2
THURSDAY
3
4
5
6
7
8
9/12/2003
253 CFS
9
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
FRIDAY
6
7
1,014 CFS
1
2
1
2
9/1/2000
0
1
2
9/6/2003
753 CFS
8
1
2
FRIDAY
3
4
5
6
7
9/13/2003
491 CFS
8
9
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1
2
1
2
SATURDAY
6
7
8
2,461 CFS
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
River: Tallapoosa River Reach: Harris to Wadley RS: 0.00
607
Legend
3 GEOTUBES
5 GEOTUBES
EXIST RIVER
606
Stage (ft)
605
604
603
602
601
25
26
27
28
29
Aug2000
Time
30
31
01
02
01Sep2000
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
2 MACHINE HOURS
605.00
604.50
604.00
WSE (ft)
603.50
603.00
602.50
602.00
601.50
601.00
0:00
w/o Pulse Exist
w/ Pulse Exist
w/o Pulse 3 GEO
w/ Pulse 3 GEO
3:00
6:00
9:00
12:00
15:00
18:00
21:00
0:00
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
2 MACHINE HOURS
3,000
2,500
FLOW (cfs)
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
w/o Pulse Exist
w/ Pulse Exist
w/o Pulse 3 GEO
w/ Pulse 3 GEO
0:00
3:00
6:00
9:00
12:00
15:00
18:00
21:00
0:00
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
2 MACHINE HOURS
3.00
2.50
VELOCITY (fps)
2.00
1.50
1.00
0.50
w/o Pulse Exist
w/ Pulse Exist
w/o Pulse 3 GEO
w/ Pulse 3 GEO
0:00
3:00
6:00
9:00
12:00
15:00
18:00
21:00
0:00
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
618
6.00
617
5.00
616
4.00
Elevation
Velocity
615
3.00
614
2.00
0
200
400
Flow at Notch (cfs)
600
800
Velocity (fps)
Elevation (msl)
GeoTube at RM 1.98
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
R L H arris Dam downs tream t o W adley
Plan:
1) U SS A UG00 3G
3/ 4/ 2004
2) U SS AUG00 E X
3/4/2004
Harris to Wadley
Legend
Power T otal 01SEP2000 1045 - USS AUG00 3G
Power T otal 01SEP2000 1045 - USS AUG00 EX
1.4
1.2
Power Total (lb/ft s)
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0
2
4
6
8
Main Channel Distance (mi )
10
12
14
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
R L H arris Dam downs tream to W adley
Plan:
1) U SS AUG00 3G
5.87207*
5.83471*
5.79735*
5.76
5.722*
5.684*
5.646*
5.608*
5.57*
5.532*
5.494*
5.456*
5.418*
5.38
5.342*
5.304*
5.266*
5.228*
5.19*
5.152*
5.114*
5.076*
5.038*
5.00
3/ 4/2004
2)
Legend
WS 31AUG2000 2045 - USS AUG00 3G
WS Ground
Bank Sta
Ground
4.945*
4.89
4.85*
4.81
4.77230*
4.73461*
4.69692*
4.65923*
4.62153*
4.58384*
4.54615*
4.50846*
4.47076*
4.43307*
4.39538*
4.35769*
4.32
4.28153*
4.24307*
4.20461*
4.16615*
4.12769*
4.08923*
4.05076*
4.01230*
3.97384*