The Renaissance &
Reformation
World Civilizations
D. Osborne
ENTE Groups

Experimental Note Taking Exercise (yes you
ARE my lab rats).

Group According to Suit (♠ ♣ ♥ ♦).

Answer each question according to your suit (if
no suits are assigned answer all questions).

Everyone take notes (this is all test material).
Video Part I

What is humanism?

Compare Renaissance humanism to
Medieval introspection.

Compare and contrast Medieval and
Renaissance art.

♠ ♣ What was the condition of the Roman
Catholic Church at the time the
Renaissance began?

♥ ♦ What was the relationship between the
popes and Europe's secular rulers at that
time?
True & False
(correct False statements)
1.
The Renaissance was a period of cultural rebirth. _______
2.
♦The leaders of the Renaissance were inspired by ancient
cultures. _______
3.
♥The study of humanism was important during the
Renaissance. _______
4.
♣During the Renaissance, painting became more threedimensional. _______
5.
♠The Renaissance began in England. _______
FITB
1.
The Renaissance began in _________________ in the early to
mid- ____________.
2.
♦ The period between the fall of Rome and the Renaissance is
called the ________ ______, or ________________ era.
3.
♥ The Renaissance period ended roughly around _________.
4.
♣ The glorification of the human body by Renaissance artists may
have helped inspire scientists to study _____________.
5.
♠ Wealthy supporters of artists, musicians, scholars, and scientists
are called _________.
Potential Essay Question:
(discuss form of the essay)

What big shift in thinking (away from
Medieval patterns) occurred among the
leaders of the Renaissance and how did
the classical civilizations of ancient Greece
and Rome influence them?
More T & F
1.
During the Renaissance, a unified Italian nation did not
exist. _______
2.
♦ The Dark Ages occurred during the last part of the
Medieval era. _______
3.
♥ The Renaissance began in northern Spain. _______
4.
♣ Humanism is the study of God. _______
5.
♠ Perspective was rarely used in Medieval art. _______
Applied Vocabulary:
1.
_______________ uses rational rather than religious ways to try
to solve human problems.
2.
♦ One way to create the illusion of three dimensions on a flat
surface is to use __________.
3.
♥ The study of the structure of bodies carried out by performing
dissections is called _______.
4.
♣ The Romans called England _____________.
5.
♠ During the Renaissance, the ____________ owned the largest
banking empire in Europe.
Video 2 – T & F
1.
During the Renaissance, an astronomer named Galileo proved that
the earth is at the center of the universe. ________
2.
♦ The Reformation movement that occurred during the
Renaissance tried to reform criminals.________
3.
♥ Before the Renaissance, books had to be copied by hand, one at
a time. ________
4.
♣ Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer. ________
5.
♠ During the Renaissance, most explorers were searching for new
continents. ________
FITB
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
During the Renaissance, Martin Luther sought to
______________ the Roman Catholic Church.
♦ Johannes Gutenberg's invention of __________________
helped speed up the rate at which new information could be
spread.
♥ During the Renaissance, improved ships and instruments
for_______________ made it possible to explore the world.
♣ _______________ was the first European kingdom to
establish colonies in the North America.
♠ ________________ was the first European kingdom to
send ships around the southern tip of Africa.
Potential Essay Question
(reiterate form of essay)

Describe the Medieval view of the universe
and discuss how the studies of Copernicus
and Galileo changed that view. Include a
discussion of how Galileo's studies were
greeted by officials of the Catholic Church.
Yet More T & F
(yes, make the false statements true)
1.
Copernicus and Galileo believed that Earth was at the center of the
universe. ________
2.
♦ Martin Luther wanted to reform Europe's Protestant churches.
________
3.
♥ Moveable-type printing was invented in Germany. ________
4.
♣ Stained glass windows were more popular in the churches of the
Middle Ages than those of the Renaissance. ________
5.
♠ Spain was the first kingdom to try to find a sea route to Asia.
________
More Applied Vocabulary
1.
The _______________ was a movement to reform the
Roman Catholic Church.
2.
♦ Printers of long ago kept capital letters in the_________
part of the type case.
3.
♥ The people of the Roman Empire spoke __________.
4.
♣ A ______________ is a large French country house.
5.
♠ A _____________ is a deep ditch around a castle.
More Potential Essay Questions

♦♥ Explain discontent among Europeans
with the late Medieval Church and analyze
the beliefs and ideas of Martin Luther.

♣♠ Explain the cultural, religious, and
scientific impact of astronomical
discoveries and innovations of Copernicus
and Galileo.
Discussion Questions
(Group According to ♠ ♣ ♥ ♦)

♠ The Catholic Church's discomfort with the discoveries of
Galileo and how they were settled.

♣ Martin Luther's issues with the Catholic Church and how
they were settled.

♥ The impact of having mass-produced books; compare to
the impact of the Internet on modern life.

♦ Compare Renaissance rational humanism and Medieval
religious mysticism.
From the Book…

Which groups came to dominate Italian
city-states in the 1300s and 1400s?

How were Renaissance artists funded?

For what reasons is Leonardo da Vinci
considered a Renaissance man?
Identify the Artist

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Mona Lisa
David
The School of Athens
Designed St. Peter’s Basilica
Sistine Chapel
The Last Supper
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da Vinci
Michelangelo
Raphael
Bramante
Michelangelo
da Vinci
Northern Exposure

How did the Renaissance spread to
northern Europe? (give 3 ways)

What was the effect on the printing press
on books and printing?
Northern Exposure

How did the Renaissance spread to
northern Europe? (give 3 ways)


Renaissance ideas spread beyond Italy to
northern Europe by means of trade, travel, and
printed material.
What was the effect on the printing press
on books and printing?

Text could be quickly printed on both sides of a
page; books could be made quickly & cheaply.
Philosophy & Writing

This philosopher combined Christian ideas with
humanism when he wrote about the need for a
pure and simple Christian life, stripped of the
rituals and politics of the church on earth.

Perhaps the greatest playwright ever, this
Englishman appealed to both educated and
uneducated alike. His focus was not on the
morality plays of the Middle Ages but instead
focused on the lives of realistic characters.
Philosophy & Writing

This philosopher combined Christian ideas with
humanism when he wrote about the need for a
pure and simple Christian life, stripped of the
rituals and politics of the church on earth.


Desiderius Erasmus
Perhaps the greatest playwright ever, this
Englishman appealed to both educated and
uneducated alike. His focus was not on the
morality plays of the Middle Ages but instead
focused on the lives of realistic characters.

William Shakespeare
Philosophy & Writing

English author of Utopia, a book that
contains a criticism of English government
and society and a vision of a perfect (but
nonexistent) society based on reason


Sir Thomas Moore
This Italian’s works were one of the few
that focused on the role women played in
society.

Christine de Pisan
Reformation

What was the state of Catholicism in the
1400s?

How did Martin Luther challenge the
Catholic Church?
Reformation

What was the state of Catholicism in the 1400s?


The church was wealthy and powerful, involved in politics,
had moved away from spiritual roots, was often financially
corrupt, and some clergy were caught up in immorality.
How did Martin Luther challenge the Catholic
Church?

Wrote Ninety Five Theses, said Christ was the only head
of the Church, salvation by faith alone, questioned the
basic beliefs of Catholicism
Other Reformers

This person was influenced by Luther and
Erasmus, Saint Augustine, and other
Renaissance humanists. He said that God
knows who will be saved, even before
people are born, and therefore guides the
lives of those destined for salvation.

What is the term for his doctrine?
Other Reformers

This person was influenced by Luther and
Erasmus, Saint Augustine, and other
Renaissance humanists. He said that God
knows who will be saved, even before
people are born, and therefore guides the
lives of those destined for salvation.


John Calvin
What is the term for his doctrine?

Predestination
Other Reformers

This English king was also known as “Defender of
the Faith” was a devout Catholic until the Pope
refused to annul his marriage to Catherine of
Aragon.

Henry declared himself the head of the Church of
England and won public support from the split
from the Church by doing this…
Other Reformers

This English king was also known as “Defender of
the Faith” was a devout Catholic until the Pope
refused to annul his marriage to Catherine of
Aragon.


Henry VIII
Henry declared himself the head of the Church of
England and won public support from the split
from the Church by doing this…

Closing Catholic monasteries and convents and
distributing the land to nobles.
The Counter-Reformation

This Spaniard became inspired to become
a “soldier of God” rather than a “soldier of
man.”

What religious teaching order did he found?
The Counter-Reformation

This Spaniard became inspired to become
a “soldier of God” rather than a “soldier of
man.”


Ignatius of Loyola
What religious teaching order did he found?


The Jesuits (AKA Society of Jesus)
FYI – did you know that several Jesuit colleges
are ranked among the best in the US? These
include Georgetown, Fordham & Loyola.
Counter-Reformation

Recognizing the need to redefine the
doctrines of Catholic faith, Pope Paul III
convened the __________ in 1545 to
examine criticisms made by Protestants
and to clarify Catholic teachings on
important points.

Council of Trent

What were some of the effects of the
Counter-Reformation on European society?

What led to the persecution of witches
across Europe during the 1500s?

What were some of the effects of the
Counter-Reformation on European society?



The Church’s influence was restored.
Spirituality and service were emphasized.
What led to the persecution of witches
across Europe during the 1500s?

Fear of different religious practices

Who were the Huguenots?

How did the Peace of Augsburg encourage
religious toleration?

Who were the Huguenots?


French Protestants
How did the Peace of Augsburg encourage
religious toleration?


Allowed each prince to choose the religion his
subjects would practice
Allowed different religions to coexist
The 5Ws: People & Events
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Renaissance
Humanism
Leonardo da Vinci
Johannes Gutenberg
William Shakespeare
Protestant
Reformation
Martin Luther
Indulgences
 Henry VIII
 Catholic Reformation
 Council of Trent
 Elizabeth I
 Lorenzo de Medici
 Michelangelo
 Niccolo Machiavelli
 Desiderius Erasmus
 John Calvin
 Ignatius of Loyola
THE END