Revolutions 1/14/13
http://mrmilewski.com
• OBJECTIVE: Examine France under King Louis XIV
• I. Journal#12 pt.A
-Examine the Picture on p.429
-Answer the caption question on p.429
• II. Return of Chapter#15&16 Test
• III. Journal#12 pt.B
-notes King Louis XIV
• NOTICE: Homework Due Friday 1/18/13
1.) Read Chapter#17 section#1 p.422-426
-Answer questions (1-7)* p.426
2.) Chapter#17 section#2 p.426-430
-Answer questions (1-6)* p.430
*Pick 4 questions of your choice
French Civil War
• From the 1560s until the
1590s religious wars
between the Huguenots
(French Protestants) and
the Catholic majority tore
France apart.
• The two noble families
the Guises (Catholic) and
Bourbons (Protestant)
fought to gain control to
the declining Valois
dynasty.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Hundred_years_war_france_england_1435.jpg/300px-Hundred_years_war_france_england_1435.jpg
St. Bartholomew’s Day
ad.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Massacre_saint_barthelemy.jpg/280px-Massacre_saint_barthelemy.jpg
• August 24, 1572,
Huguenot and Catholic
nobles gathered to
celebrate a royal
wedding.
• Violence erupted which
led to the massacre of
3000 Huguenots.
• Thousands more were
killed in the days that
followed.
Henry IV
• In 1589 a Bourbon prince
to the throne.
• He was Protestant,
knowing that he faced
severe problems he
converted to Catholicism.
• He issued the Edict of
Nantes in 1598 to protect
the Protestants.
• He tried to heal his land
and promised a chicken in
every pot.
• He was assassinated in
1610.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Henry_IV_of_france_by_pourbous_younger.jpg
Richelieu
http://www.reformation.org/richelieu.jpg
• Henry IV nine year old
son took over for his dad.
• Louis XIII was advised
by Richelieu (Prime
Minister) beginning in
1624.
• He spent the next 18
years strengthening the
power of the crown.
• He set out to destroy the
power of the nobles who
tried to cease power from
Henry.
• He defeated the private
armies of the nobles
King Louis XIV
http://cla.calpoly.edu/~mriedlsp/History111/Versailles/louis.jpg
• He was an absolute
monarch.
• He reigned from 16431715.
• He reorganized the army,
made it loyal to him,
expanded the boarders of
the kingdom, & built a huge
palace.
• To pay for wars & palace
he promoted trade and
increased taxes.
• His son and grandson
continued to spend & it set
the stage for the French
Revolution.
Now to England
http://www.lonelyplanet.com/maps/europe/england/map_of_england.jpg
Tudors and Parliament
• The Tudors believed in
divine right, but were careful
to Not step on the toes of
Parliament.
• Example: Henry VIII asked
Parliament for permission to
break with the Catholic
Church.
• Magna Carta (1215)– King
John signed the “Great
Charter” that gave the nobles
certain rights & made the
king subject to the law.
• Also, “no taxation without
representation”.
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_documents/magna_carta/images/magna_carta.jpg
Magna Carta
http://www.patenthawk.com/blog_images/ross_perot.jpg
• The Magna Carta or
"Great Paper" is the
document that spelled out
the fundamentals of
English law. There are 17
versions of it in existence.
The version, which dates
to 1297, is the only copy
in the United States and
the only privately owned
copy. It will be auctioned
by Sotheby's in December
2007.
•
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2007/09/24/nyregion/20070924_MAGN
A_GRAPHIC.html#
The Stuarts
• When Henry VIII’s
daughter Queen Elizabeth
died after a 45 year reign
without an heir, her
throne went to her
relatives the Stuarts.
• The Stuarts were not very
popular, especially with
Parliament.
• King James I believed in
divine right and abolished
Parliament when they
wanted to discuss foreign
policy before raising
funds.
http://www.willshakespeare.com/king%20james%201.jpg
King Charles I
• King James found himself
in the middle of a
religious dispute as the
“Puritans” tried to
“purify” the Church of
England of Catholic
Practices.
• He rejected their
demands.
• His son, Charles I took
the throne in 1625.
• He also behaved like an
absolute monarch and
imprisoned people
without trial.
http://www.conservapedia.com/images/3/3a/Van_Dyck_Charles_I_King_of_England_at_the_Hunt.jpg
1628
• By 1628, Charles summoned Parliament because
he need to raise taxes.
• Before voting for funds they forced the King to
sign the “Petition of Right” which prohibited him
from raising taxes without the consent of
Parliament or imprisoning people without just
cause.
• Charles signed, they raised taxes, and he
dissolved Parliament in 1629 and ignored the
petition for the next 11 years.
• He made lots of enemies and really angered the
Puritans.
Revolutions 1/15/13
http://mrmilewski.com
• OBJECTIVE: Examine “What the Doctor Ordered”.
• I. Administrative Stuff
-Attendance
• II. The Day the Universe Changed
-notes on episode#7 “What the Doctor Ordered”
• Notice: Homework Due Friday 1/18/13
1.) Read Chapter#17 section#1 p.422-426
-Answer questions (1-7)* p.426
2.) Chapter#17 section#2 p.426-430
-Answer questions (1-6)* p.430
*Pick 4 questions of your choice
Revolutions 1/16/13
http://mrmilewski.com
• OBJECTIVE: Continue examination of the Rise of the
Limited Monarchs in England.
• I. Journal#13 pt.A
-Examine the picture on p.432
-Answer the caption question on p.432
• II. Journal#13 pt.B
-notes on England (17.3)
• III. Homework due Friday 1/18/13
1.) Read Chapter#17 section#1 p.422-426
-Answer questions (1-7)* p.426
2.) Chapter#17 section#2 p.426-430
-Answer questions (1-6)* p.430
*Pick 4 questions of your choice
King Charles I
• King James found himself
in the middle of a
religious dispute as the
“Puritans” tried to
“purify” the Church of
England of Catholic
Practices.
• He rejected their
demands.
• His son, Charles I took
the throne in 1625.
• He also behaved like an
absolute monarch and
imprisoned people
without trial.
http://www.conservapedia.com/images/3/3a/Van_Dyck_Charles_I_King_of_England_at_the_Hunt.jpg
1628
• By 1628, Charles summoned Parliament because
he need to raise taxes.
• Before voting for funds they forced the King to
sign the “Petition of Right” which prohibited him
from raising taxes without the consent of
Parliament or imprisoning people without just
cause.
• Charles signed, they raised taxes, and he
dissolved Parliament in 1629 and ignored the
petition for the next 11 years.
• He made lots of enemies and really angered the
Puritans.
1637
• The Calvinists Scottish
rejected the Anglican
prayer book.
• To suppress the revolt,
Charles need to raise
taxes and summoned
Parliament in 1640.
• When Parliament, the
launched their own revolt.
• It became know as the
“Long Parliament” and
lasted until 1653 and
triggered a political
revolution in England.
http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/thumb/0/09/250px-Riot_against_Anglican_prayer_book_1637.jpg
The English Civil War
• In 1642, Charles led his
troops into the House of
Commons to arrest the
most radical leaders.
• They escaped through a
backdoor and raised their
own army.
• The war last from 16421649. This was the same
time as the Civil War in
France (Fronde), but in
England the King loses.
The Cavaliers & the Roundheads
http://www.great-torrington.com/history/historypix/civil-war-reenactment.jpg
• The Cavaliers supported
the King.
• The Roundheads
supported Parliament.
• The Cavaliers were made
up of rich nobles and
expected a quick victory.
• The Roundheads made up
of common folks (country
gentry, manufacturers,
and Puritans) found a
leader in Oliver
Cromwell.
Oliver Cromwell
• He was a skilled
general and organized
the “The New Model
Army” in to a skilled
fighting force.
• Puritan chaplains
inspired the army in
1647 the King was
captured by
Parliament’s army.
http://www.aucklandartgallery.govt.nz/activities/adopt/images/M1921_1_1.jpg
The Kingless Decade
• Parliament set up a court
and put the king on trial.
• King Charles I was found
guilty and sentenced to
death as a tyrant, traitor,
murderer, and a public
enemy.
• In January 1649, King
Charles I of England was
beheaded.
• This was the first time
that a reigning monarch
was put on trial and
executed by the people.
w.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/Literature/21L-703Spring-2005/7AF8ADC9-3ED3-42F5-A6BE-C8E96A4160E6/0/chp_charles1.jpg
The Kingless Decade
• After the execution of
King Charles I, the House
of Commons abolished
the monarchy, the House
of Lords, and the Church
of England.
• England became a
republic, and Cromwell
was put in charge.
http://l.yimg.com/img.tv.yahoo.com/tv/us/img/site/07/28/0000000728_20060919022318.jpg
Laws During the Kingless Decade
•
One of the main beliefs of the Puritans
was that if you worked hard, you would
get to Heaven. Pointless enjoyment was
frowned upon. Cromwell shut many inns
and the theatres were all closed down.
Most sports were banned. Boys caught
playing football on a Sunday could be
whipped as a punishment. Swearing was
punished by a fine, though those who kept
swearing could be sent to prison.
• Sunday became a very special day under
he Puritans. Most forms of work were
banned. Women caught doing unnecessary
work on the Holy Day could be put in the
stocks. Simply going for a Sunday walk
(unless it was to church) could lead to a
hefty fine.
• To keep the population’s mind on religion,
instead of having feast days to celebrate
the saints (as had been common in
Medieval England), one day in every
month was a fast day - you did not eat all
day.
http://www.colour-experience.org/matching/matcol_fashion_ages/images/colour_fashion_puritan.jpghttp://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/crom
well_england.htm
Revolutions 1/17/13
http://mrmilewski.com
• OBJECTIVE: Finish examination of the Rise of the
Limited Monarchs in England.
• I. Journal#14 pt.A
-Examine the picture on p.434
-Answer the caption question on p.434
• II. Journal#14 pt.B
-notes on William & Mary (17.3)
• III. Homework due TOMORROW!
•
1.) Read Chapter#17 section#1 p.422-426
•
•
•
•
-Answer questions (1-7)* p.426
2.) Read Chapter#17 section#2 p.426-430
-Answer questions (1-6)* p.430
*Pick 4 questions of your choice
The Kingless Decade
• Parliament set up a court
and put the king on trial.
• King Charles I was found
guilt and sentenced to
death as a tyrant, traitor,
murderer, and a public
enemy.
• In January 1649, King
Charles I of England was
beheaded.
• This was the first time
that a reigning monarch
was put on trial and
executed by the people.
• Oliver Cromwell takes
over.
w.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/Literature/21L-703Spring-2005/7AF8ADC9-3ED3-42F5-A6BE-C8E96A4160E6/0/chp_charles1.jpg
The Irish
• Supporters of Charles II,
the King’s son attacked
the New English republic
from Ireland and
Scotland.
• Cromwell led forces into
Ireland and took stern
measures against the
Catholic majority.
• In 1652, Parliament
banished most Catholics
to barren land in West
Ireland.
• Those who disobeyed
were killed.
http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/thumb/a/a3/440px-Irland_protestants_1861-1991.gif
The Levellers
• Those who thought that
common men should have
a say in government.
• This idea horrified the
gentry (English property
owning males)
• Cromwell took care of the
radical Levellers who
threatened private
property rights.
http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb/5/5d/300px-Levellers_declaration_and_standard.gif
The Kingless Decade
http://l.yimg.com/img.tv.yahoo.com/tv/us/img/site/07/28/0000000728_20060919022318.jpg
• 1658, Cromwell dies and
the Puritan grip on the
country ends.
• People were tired of
military rule and not
having any fun.
• In 1660 a newly elected
Parliament invited
Charles II to return from
exile.
• Charles was a popular
ruler and fun was
restored.
King Charles II
• The Stuarts were restored
in 1660.
• Charles was a popular
ruler and fun was
restored.
• He accepted the Petition
of Right, but he still
believed in absolute
monarchy & had Catholic
sympathies.
• He avoided angering
Parliament like his father
did.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Charles_II_of_England.jpeg/250px-Charles_II_of_England.jpeg
James II
• Charles II brother James II
inherited the throne in 1685.
• He flaunted his Catholic faith
& suspended laws whenever
he wanted too.
• He appointed Catholics to
high office.
• Many feared he would restore
the Roman Catholic Church.
• In 1688, Parliamentary
leaders invited James’s
Protestant daughter Mary &
her husband Dutch Protestant
William of Orange to be the
leaders on England.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/James_II_of_England.jpg
The Glorious Revolution
• When William &
Mary landed with an
army in late 1688,
James II fled to
France.
• This bloodless
revolution became
known as the
Glorious Revolution.
http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=84823&rendTypeId=4
William & Mary
• Before William & Mary were crowned they
had to accept the following acts passed by
Parliament, which became known as the
English Bill of Rights.
• Superiority of Parliament over monarchy.
• Required the monarch to summon
Parliament regularly.
• Gave the House of Commons the “power of
the purse.”
• Monarch could no longer interfere in
Parliaments debates or suspend laws.
• Barred any Catholic from sitting on the
throne.
• Gave English citizens the right to trial by
jury.
• Abolished excessive fines & cruel & unjust
punishment.
• Habeas corpus (had to be charged with a
crime to be put in jail)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/English_Bill_of_Rights_of_1689_(bottom).jpg
Toleration Act of 1689
• Gave limited toleration to Puritans,
Quakers, and other Protestant dissenters,
but not to Catholics.
• Still, only members of the Church of
England could hold office.
Revolutions 1/18/13
http://mrmilewski.com
• OBJECTIVE: Finish examination of the Rise of the
Limited Monarchs in England.
• I. Attendance
• II. Film: MLK Biorhythm
• III. Various activities in Chapter#17
-discussion on English Civil War (17.3)
• IV. Homework due Friday 1/25/13
1.) Read Chapter#17 section#3 p.430-435
-Answer questions (1-7)* p.435
2.) Chapter#17 section#4 p.436-439
-Answer questions (1-6)* p.439
3.) Read Chapter#17 section#5 p.440-443
-Answer questions (1-6)* p.443