Dispensing &compounding
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Prepared by:
Kazi Rashidul Azam
Dispensing is concerned with the preparation and supply
of medicine. It requires extensive knowledge of1. The stability of medicines and their ingredients
2. Principles of compounding
3. Dosage
4. Chemical, physical and therapeutical incompatibilities
5. Packaging methods
6. Labeling procedures, and
7. Legal requirements-affecting the storage, supply
records, containers and labeling of substances affected
by the poisons, misuse of drugs, therapeutic substance
and medicines acts.
General dispensing procedure:
1. Work on your own
2. Wear a freshly laundred overall coat. A well starched or preferably
nylon coat reduces contamination of dispensed products with fibres
and other particles.
3. Provide yourself with a clean glass cloth, a duster and either a swab or
sponge.
4. work on a clean and tidy manner.
5. Read the prescription carefully; make sure you understand it and that it
is legally correct.
6. If necessary, find the formula of the preparation in an appropriate
source of information. Copy it into your practical book.
7. Check the doses of internal preparations
8. Find from an appropriate sources, if any ingredient is a poison.
9. Confirm that there are no pharmaceutical or therapeutical
incompatibilities in the preparation.
10. If you are unsure of the correct method of preparation refer to your
practical notebook, which should be well indexed.
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11. Look up the storage conditions for the preparation
12. work out the calculations
13. Check the calculations
14. Collect the correct container and closure
15. We the main label and collect any special labels that
are required.
16. Make the preparation, pack it in the container and
polish the latter.
17. Check the labels and fix them to the container
18. Check the finished preparation
19. wrap the container and write the patients name and
address on the wrapper.
20. Make the appropriate records
The prescription:
 A prescription is an order from a doctor, dentist or
veterinary surgeon for the supply of a medicine,
dressing or surgical appliance to a patient. It contains
the following informations1. Name, registration & address of the prescriber
2. The patients name and address: For a child the age is
also given to help when the pharmacist is checking
dose.
3. Date
4. A prefix: This is the sign Rx (take thou/you take/take it),
which is an instruction to the pharmacist. It is
derived from R, an abbreviation for the Latin word recip
and possibly the latter ‘j’ an invocation to Jove (Jupiter)
the god of healing.
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5. The name and quantities of Medicaments to be
supplied:
a. An official (British National formulary, British
Pharmaceutical ) Codex with the quantity required.
b. A proprietary product, together with the quantity
required.
c. A special formula- in which case the quantity of each
ingredient will be stated together with a description of
the type of preparation, e,g. mixture lotion, tablet.
6. Instruction to the pharmacist (i.e. subscription)
7. Instruction for the patients : These may includea. The method of administration or application.
b. The dose, if the preparation is for internal use .
c. The time of administration of application.
d. The diluent ( e.g. water) if relevant, or the
method of application.
e. The part of the body to which the preparation is
to be applied, if tor external use.
8. The prescriber’s signature and address.
9. The Date on which the prescription was written.
Compounding:
The term compounding usually implies to mixing
some ingredients In order to make medicinal
substance. It may also refer to any small scale
preparation of any dosage form according to the
prescription in a dispensary or pharmacy.
Compounding is a synonymous to dispensing
but only difference is that dispensing includes
make up and delivery of medicine to the patient
but compounding is only mixing up ingredients
or preparing the medicine.
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Compounding accuracy indicates the
mixing of ingredients to make medicine in
an accurate manner. Compounding
accuracy is important to disperse the
medicine properly to the patient for their
safety. The major operation of a
pharmacist is in the area of prescription
compounding & dispensing. Compounding
must be accurate also to administer a
dosage form in a suitable way.