STD’s
 What Are They?
 Parasites (bugs) that live in body
hair; scabies burrow under the
skin.
 How do you get them?
 Close physical contact with infected
person
 Contact with infected clothing,
bedding, etc.
 What are the symptoms?
 LICE: Itching in the area of the sex organs
 Tiny lice crawling in the hair round the sex
organs, armpits, eyebrows, chest hair, etc.
 SCABIES: an itchy red sore or line of sores
anywhere on the body
 Itching is usually worse at night
 How can you know for sure?
 LICE: Examine hair for lice or eggs
 SCABIES: Examine sores by a clinician;
they may take a scraping of skin for
microscopic exam
 How are they treated?
 Medicated shampoos or lotions such
as RID, A-200, NIX or KWELL for pubic
lice, or SCABENE for scabies
 Thoroughly wash or dry clean all
clothing, bedding, etc
 Pregnant women must use
prescription products
 What can happen if you have pubic
lice or scabies?
 Will spread to other parts of the body
and other people
 Itching and discomfort will get worse
 What is it?
 A bacterial infection
 How do you get it?
 Sexual contact with someone who
carries the organisms
 Any contact with a syphilis sore
 What are the symptoms?
 EARLY STAGE (21-90 days): a painless
sore in the mouth, sex organs or
elsewhere on the body. If you don’t
treat it, the sore will go away in a
couple of weeks, but syphilis is still
present in the body
 Many people do not notice the sores
 How can you know for sure?
 Sample from a sore examined under a
microscope
 Blood test
 If the first blood test is negative,
another may be necessary in 6 weeks
 How is it treated?
 With antibiotics

What can happen if you have syphilis?
 SECOND STAGE (2 weeks – 6 months)
new sores, rash, fever, hair loss, body aches,
sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes
 THIRD STAGE (years later): damage to
heart, blood vessels, brain, eyes; death
 Pregnant women can pass it on to the fetus
causing it severe harm or death
 What is it?
 a vaginal infection caused by a one-
celled organism
 How do you get it?
 Sexual contact with someone who has
it.
 What are the symptoms?
 Abnormal vaginal discharge (more than
usual, different color, bad odor)
 Burning or itching in or near the vagina
 Burning with urination
 Men usually have no symptoms but may
experience urethral discharge or burning
with intercourse
 Some infected women have no symptoms
 How can you know for sure?
 Sample of discharge examined under a
microscope
 Pelvic exam
 How is it treated?
 Appropriate antibiotics
 What can happen if you have
trichomoniasis?
 Can carry harmful bacteria up into a
woman’s uterus and tubes, causing a
pelvic infection
 Can spread to sexual partner(s)
 What is it?
 A bacterial infection
▪ In women, can infect the cervix, urethra,
uterus and tubes
▪ In men, can infect the urethra, prostate
and epididymis
 How do you get it?
▪ Sexual contact with someone who
has gonorrhea
 What are the symptoms?
 WOMEN: pelvic pain, painful urination,
abnormal vaginal bleeding, or discharge
 Many women have no symptoms
 MEN: Painful urination
 Drip or discharge from the penis
 Many men have no symptoms
 How can you know for sure?
 Sample of discharge examined under a
microscope and cultures taken for lab
tests
 How is it treated?
 Antibiotics

What can happen if you have gonorrhea?

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Severe infection of the reproductive organs
Sterility
Heart problems
Arthritis (joint problems)
If a woman has gonorrhea when she gives
birth, the infection can be passed to the baby
 Can spread infection to sexual partners
 Disorders of the central nervous system
 What is it?
 An infection caused by a virus.
 How do you get it?
 Sexual or intimate contact with
someone carrying the virus
 Using unsterile I.V. needles
 What are the symptoms?
 Extreme fatigue
 Headache
 Fever
 Nausea
 Yellowing of skin
 May show no symptoms during the most
contagious phases
 How can you know for sure?
 Blood tests
 Physical examination
 How is it treated?
 No direct treatment available
 In most cases the body fights the
infection, which gradually fades away
 Vaccine is available that can help
protect people

What can happen if you have HepatitisB?
 Virus is very contagious and may remain
active for a person’s lifetime
 Can spread infection to sexual partner
 Although 90-95% of adults recover
completely, Hepatitis-B can cause severe
liver disease and death
 A woman can transmit the virus to her fetus
or newborn baby
 What is it?
 A bacterial infection
▪ In women, it infects the cervix, urethra,
fallopian tubes and ovaries
▪ In men, it infects the urethra, prostate and
epididymis
 How do you get it?
 Sexual contact with someone who
carries the organism
 What are the symptoms?
 WOMEN: Pelvic pain, painful or frequent
urination
 Abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge
 Bleeding after intercourse
 Sometimes symptoms are present only in
the morning
 Many women have no symptoms
 What are the symptoms?
 MEN: discharge from the penis
 Painful urination
 Sometimes symptoms are present
only in the morning
 Many men have no symptoms
 How can you know for sure?
 Sample of discharge examined under a
microscope and lab tests
 How is it treated?
 antibiotics
 What can happen if you have
chlamydia?
 Severe infection of the reproductive
organs
 Sterility
 If a woman has cervical chlamydia when
she gives birth, the infection can be
passed to the baby
 Can spread infection to sexual partner(s)
 What is it?
 An infection of the uterus, tubes and
pelvic organs due to gonorrhea,
chlamydia or other bacteria.
 How do you get it?
 Sexual contact with someone who
carries the organism
 Can also occur in women who have not
had sexual contact
 What are the symptoms?
 Lower abdominal pain, painful
intercourse, burning during urination,
heavy periods or irregular bleeding,
fever, chills
 Some women have mild or no
symptoms
 How can you know for sure?
 Pelvic exam
 Sample of cervical discharge examined
under a microscope and sent for lab
tests
 Blood tests
 Pregnancy test to exclude tubal
pregnancy
 How is it treated?
 Antibiotics
 Bed rest
 Sexual abstinence
 What can happen if you have PID?
 Pelvic abscess, which may require surgery
 Sterility
 Repeat episodes of PID
 Chronic pelvic pain
 Increased risk of tubal pregnancy
 Can spread organisms to sexual partner(s)
 What is it?
 Warts caused by a virus called the
human papilloma virus (HPV)
 How do you get it?
 Skin-to-skin contact with genital warts
 What are the symptoms?
 Warts that grow around the sex organs or
rectum
 There might be slight itching, burning or
irritation, especially with many warts
 Warts my be found on the cervix (inside
the vagina) where the woman may not
notice them
 Some people can carry the warts virus and
have no symptoms
 How can you know for sure?
 Warts examined
 How is it treated?
 Can be removed by:
▪ Burning them off with chemicals, electric
current or laser
▪ Freezing them off
 What can happen if you have genital
warts?
 They can grow larger in size, or spread to
new areas and become harder to remove
 Cervical warts are associated with
abnormal pap smears, and can lead to
more serious problems
 Can spread warts to sexual partner(s)
 What is it?
 A viral infection
 How do you get it?
 Sexual contact with someone who has
herpes
 Direct contact with a herpes sore, or
discharge from a sore
 Herpes can be spread a few days before a
sore appears and for a week after the skin
has healed
 Some people may be contagious when
they have no symptoms
 What are the symptoms?
 Painful blisters that break into open sores
 Sores usually appear on or near the
mouth, sex organs or rectum. They may be
found on a woman’s cervix where she may
not notice them
 Sores will dry up and disappear in 5 to 21
days
 How can you know for sure?
 Sores examined
 Fluid may be taken from a sore and
sent to a lab
 How is it treated?
 Once infected, the virus stays in your
body. There is no known cure for
herpes.
 Acyclovir or Femviere is used to treat
outbreaks or can be used continuously
to prevent new outbreaks
 What can happen if you have Herpes?
 The sores will go away on their own but
they can return, often when you are ill or
under stress
 If a woman has herpes sores when she
gives birth, the infection can be passed to
the baby, causing it serious illness or death
 Can spread infection to sexual partner(s)
 What is it?
 A virus infection
 HIV damages the body’s ability to fight
disease and causes AIDS
 How do you get it?
 Sexual contact with semen, blood or
vaginal secretions of someone with HIV
 Sharing unsterile I.V. needles
 Transfusion of contaminated blood
products
 From a woman to her fetus during
pregnancy

What are the symptoms?
 Constant fatigue
 Unexplained fever, chills or night sweats
 Unexplained weight loss greater than 10
pounds
 Pink/purple flat or raised blotches on or
under skin
 Constant diarrhea
 Persistent white spots in mouth
 Dry cough, shortness of breath
 How do you know for sure?
 Blood tests
 Symptoms reviewed by a clinician
 examination
 How is it treated?
 There is no known cure for AIDS.
 Treatments focus on the secondary
infections which make the body unable
to fight infection.
 What can happen if you have AIDS?
 People with AIDS can develop certain life-
threatening infections which healthy
people with functioning immune systems
can ward off.
 If a woman has AIDS she can pass the HIV
virus to her fetus who can then develop
AIDS
 Can spread infection to sexual partner(s)
 What is it?
 A common disease of the skin caused
by a virus.
 How do you get it?
 May be sexually transmitted or may
occur by skin contact with someone
else who has the virus
 What are the symptoms?
 Pearly, flesh colored, dome-shaped
bumps on the skin
 Usually do not hurt or itch
 Can appear one week to six months
after contact
 How can you know for sure?
 Bumps on skin are examined
 How is it treated?
 Burning them off with a caustic (acid)
solution
 Disappear by themselves after 9-12
months
 What can happen if you have
molluscum contagiosum?
 It is a mild condition and not serious
 It will eventually go away on its own
without any after-effects
 Can spread to sexual partner(s)