Atoms, Elements & The Periodic
Table
BY: BRIANNA SHIELDS
DO NOW
• 1. What type of change does matter
undergo when an acid burns through a
material?
• 2. Which phase possesses the highest
amount of energy?
• 3. What phase change converts gaseous
water vapor into liquid water droplets as
heat energy is lost?
DO NOW
• Finish your chemistry lab (you
have 15 minutes) and hand it in
• If you are finished, you need to
complete the “Density Drill”
GOAL
• To define an atom and know its 3 basic
parts
• To use the periodic table
ATOMS
• Elements
• All things in nature are made of
elements
• Copper, sulfur, oxygen
• All elements are made of atoms
ATOMS
• Atom
• 1. Smallest piece of matter
• 2. Made of protons, neutrons and
electrons
• 3. All atoms of an element are
identical
Periodic Table
• Periodic
Table
• 1. Lists all elements in nature
• 2. Each element made of one
type of atom
• ex: oxygen
• 3. Not on the periodic table=
not an element
• ex: water
What does an atom look like?
• What does
an atom
look like?
• Positively charged nucleus
• Nucleus contains protons and
neutrons
• Surround by negatively charged
electrons
• Draw a picture in your notebook
PROTON
• Proton
• 1. Positive charge
• 2. Mass equal to neutron mass
• 3. Located inside nucleus
Electron
• Electron
• 1. Negative charge
• 2. Mass is negligible
• 3. Found zipping around
outside nucleus
Neutron
• Neutron
• 1. No charge
• 2. Mass is equal to a proton’s
• 3. Found inside nucleus
How many protons, neutrons and
electrons does this atom have?
How many protons, neutrons and
electrons does this atom have?
How many protons, neutrons and
electrons does this atom have?
How many protons, neutrons and
electrons does this atom have?
How many protons, neutrons and
electrons does this atom have?
How many protons, neutrons and
electrons does this atom have?
Periodic Table Information
Atomic
Number
Chemical
Symbol
8
O
16.00
Atomic
Mass
Periodic Table
• Chemical
Symbol
• Letter(s) stand for element
name
Periodic Table
• Atomic
number
• Equal to the number of protons
• Ex:O= 8, Ca= 20
Periodic Table
• Number of
electrons
• Equal to number of protons in a
neutral atom
Periodic Table
• Atomic
weight/
mass
• Sum of # of protons and
neutrons
Periodic Table
• Number of
neutrons
• Atomic mass minus atomic
number
Assessment
• Find nitrogen. Calculate the number of
protons, electrons and neutrons
Protons = 7
Atomic
Number
Chemical
Symbol
Neutrons = 7 Electrons = 7
7
N
14.01
Atomic
Mass
• Find Chlorine. Calculate the number of
protons, electrons and neutrons.
Protons = 17 Neutrons = 18
Electrons = 17
Atomic
Number
17
Chemical
Symbol
Cl
35.45
Atomic
Mass
• Find aluminum. Calculate the number of
protons, neutrons and electrons.
Protons = 13 Neutrons = 14
Electrons = 13
Atomic
Number
13
Chemical
Symbol
Al
26.98
Atomic
Mass
Periodic Table Websites
• Element Math Game
Review: Physical or Chemical
Change?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Painting a statue
Chopping wood
Crushing sugar crystals
Dissolving salt
Boiling water
Exploding firecrackers
Mixing baking soda & vinegar
Physical or Chemical Change?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Rotting eggs
Crumpling wax paper
Slicing cucumber
Fizzing antacid in water
Lighting a match
Zipping a coat up
Rusting bike chains